This change takes into consideration the points from @kevinburke's talk on readability.
12 KiB
Clair
Note: The master
branch may be in an unstable or even broken state during development.
Please use releases instead of the master
branch in order to get stable binaries.
Clair is an open source project for the static analysis of vulnerabilities in application containers (currently including appc and docker).
- In regular intervals, Clair ingests vulnerability metadata from a configured set of sources and stores it in the database.
- Clients use the Clair API to index their container images; this parses a list of installed source packages stores them in the database.
- Clients use the Clair API to query the database; combining this data is done in real time, rather than a cached result that needs re-scanning.
- When updates to vulnerability metadata occur, a webhook can be configured to page or block deployments.
Our goal is to enable a more transparent view of the security of container-based infrastructure.
Thus, the project was named Clair
after the French term which translates to clear, bright, transparent.
When would I use Clair?
- You've found an image by searching the internet and want to determine if it's safe enough for you to use in production.
- You're regularly deploying into a containerized production environment and want operations to alert or block deployments on insecure software.
Documentation
The latest stable documentation can be found on the CoreOS website. Documentation for the current branch can be found inside the Documentation directory at the root of the project's source code.
How do I deploy Clair?
Container Repositories
Clair is officially packaged and released as a container.
- Stable releases can be found at quay.io/coreos/clair
- Stable releases with an embedded instance of jwtproxy can be found at quay.io/coreos/clair-jwt
- Development releases can be found at quay.io/coreos/clair-git
Production Supported
Clair is professionally supported as a data source for the Quay Security Scanning feature. The setup documentation for using Clair for this environment can be found on the Quay documentation on the CoreOS website. Be sure to adjust the version of the documentation to the version of Quay being used in your deployment.
Community Supported
The following are community supported instructions to run Clair in a variety of ways. NOTE: These instructions demonstrate running HEAD and not stable versions.
Kubernetes
If you don't have a local Kubernetes cluster already, check out minikube.
git clone https://github.com/coreos/clair
cd clair/contrib/k8s
kubectl create secret generic clairsecret --from-file=./config.yaml
kubectl create -f clair-kubernetes.yaml
Docker Compose
$ curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/clair/master/docker-compose.yml -o $HOME/docker-compose.yml
$ mkdir $HOME/clair_config
$ curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/clair/master/config.example.yaml -o $HOME/clair_config/config.yaml
$ $EDITOR $HOME/clair_config/config.yaml # Edit database source to be postgresql://postgres:password@postgres:5432?sslmode=disable
$ docker-compose -f $HOME/docker-compose.yml up -d
Docker Compose may start Clair before Postgres which will raise an error.
If this error is raised, manually execute docker-compose start clair
.
Docker
$ mkdir $PWD/clair_config
$ curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/clair/master/config.example.yaml -o $PWD/clair_config/config.yaml
$ docker run -d -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD="" -p 5432:5432 postgres:9.6
$ docker run -d -p 6060-6061:6060-6061 -v $PWD/clair_config:/config quay.io/coreos/clair-git:latest -config=/config/config.yaml
Source
To build Clair, you need to latest stable version of Go and a working Go environment. In addition, Clair requires some additional binaries be installed on the system $PATH:
$ go get github.com/coreos/clair
$ go install github.com/coreos/clair/cmd/clair
$ $EDITOR config.yaml # Add the URI for your postgres database
$ ./$GOPATH/bin/clair -config=config.yaml
Frequently Asked Questions
Who's using Clair?
You can find production users and third party integrations documented in their respective pages of the local documentation.
What do you mean by static analysis?
There are two major ways to perform analysis of programs: Static Analysis and Dynamic Analysis. Clair has been designed to perform static analysis; containers never need to be executed. Rather, the filesystem of the container image is inspected and features are indexed into a database. By indexing the features of an image into the database, images only need to be rescanned when new detectors are added.
What data sources does Clair currently support?
Data Source | Data Collected | Format | License |
---|---|---|---|
Debian Security Bug Tracker | Debian 6, 7, 8, unstable namespaces | dpkg | Debian |
Ubuntu CVE Tracker | Ubuntu 12.04, 12.10, 13.04, 14.04, 14.10, 15.04, 15.10, 16.04 namespaces | dpkg | GPLv2 |
Red Hat Security Data | CentOS 5, 6, 7 namespaces | rpm | CVRF |
Oracle Linux Security Data | Oracle Linux 5, 6, 7 namespaces | rpm | CVRF |
Alpine SecDB | Alpine 3.3, Alpine 3.4, Alpine 3.5 namespaces | apk | MIT |
NIST NVD | Generic Vulnerability Metadata | N/A | Public Domain |
What do most deployments look like?
From a high-level, most deployments integrate with the registry workflow rather than manual API usage by a human. They typically take up a form similar to the following diagram:
I just started up Clair and nothing appears to be working, what's the deal?
During the first run, Clair will bootstrap its database with vulnerability data from the configured data sources. It can take several minutes before the database has been fully populated, but once this data is stored in the database, subsequent updates will take far less time.
What terminology do I need to understand to work with Clair internals?
- Image - a tarball of the contents of a container
- Layer - an appc or Docker image that may or maybe not be dependent on another image
- Feature - anything that when present could be an indication of a vulnerability (e.g. the presence of a file or an installed software package)
- Feature Namespace - a context around features and vulnerabilities (e.g. an operating system)
- Vulnerability Updater - a Go package that tracks upstream vulnerability data and imports them into Clair
- Vulnerability Metadata Appender - a Go package that tracks upstream vulnerability metadata and appends them into vulnerabilities managed by Clair
How can I customize Clair?
The major components of Clair are all programmatically extensible in the same way Go's standard database/sql package is extensible.
Everything extendable is located in the ext
directory.
Custom behavior can be accomplished by creating a package that contains a type that implements an interface declared in Clair and registering that interface in init().
To expose the new behavior, unqualified imports to the package must be added in your own custom main.go, which should then start Clair using Boot(*config.Config)
.
Are there any public presentations on Clair?
- Clair: The Container Image Security Analyzer @ ContainerDays Boston 2016 - Event Video Slides
- Identifying Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures in Containers with Clair @ CoreOS Fest 2016 - Event Video Slides
- Clair: A Container Image Security Analyzer @ Microservices NYC - Event Video Slides
- Clair: A Container Image Security Analyzer @ Container Orchestration NYC - Event Video Slides