1
0
mirror of https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware.git synced 2024-12-23 23:08:14 +00:00
trezor-firmware/mocks/generated/trezorcrypto/__init__.py

313 lines
6.9 KiB
Python
Raw Normal View History

xmr: master merging commit templates: build style: correct math in comment [260130c1] xmr: show address fix [abd27e6c] xmr: reorganize module structure [cd9e5a5d] xmr: simplify layout code [a5b56f17] xmr: monero.crypto test fix [60bc30ec] xmr: minor fixes [f82bd9c0] xmr: use trezor.utils.ensure [adf119ac] xmr: get rid of xmr.common module [3531a42f] pipenv: temporary fix attempt for travis - until pipenv bug is resolved [d172f86f] xmr: protob messages refactored [e83085ea] trezor-common version bump & messages regenerated xmr: mlsag_hasher simplified [feb5f1c6] xmr: simplify key_image_sync workflow [d4cb0084] xmr: tiny note in README and typo [62411cde] xmr: readme updates [ff15b46e] xmr: rename and order mlsag functions [3fb57dab] xmr: mlsag notes [c27ae90b] xmr: output index check added in step6 [973c457b] xmr: grouping is mandatory [684c7e19] xmr: range sig grouping check added [012ca766] xmr: small refactor in borromean range proof [1ba72b65] xmr: move range signatures to seperate file; rename mlsag2 to mlsag [a89f3ab0] xmr: fix wrong annotation in modtrezorcrypto [8303b42f] xmr: state's use_simple_rct and use_bulletproof modified to enums [276712a9] xmr: re-export most of functions in apps.monero.xmr.crypto [74165457] xmr: out_pk_masks changed to out_pk_commitments [1e186727] xmr: state comments [3c69a2e1] xmr: TrezorTxPrefixHashNotMatchingError note removed only concerns multisig [5af0feae] xmr: master merging commit xmr: step 10 review [d8e99375] xmr: step 09 review [a510150d] travis: workaround form 6a0ea22b6eb3bdc9bce62d7c88fb8841ef8fdb0c [03d27115] mocks: regenerate [bd24bb35] mocks: add support for entering the global scope [f75c1902] mocks: regenerate [bce85968] modtrezorcrypto: define mock package [7c077521] mocks: support package definition [b3f1017b] xmr: step 05 and 06 masks and range proofs review Masks are now always generated in step 5 and stored in state. Range proofs were reviewed only in a high-level manner and will be reviewed later. [67f391cd] xmr: step 08 review [673bf01f] xmr: steps 04, 05, 06 (almost) and 07 review _range_proof in step 06 is still to be reviewed [24c52517] xmr: simplify serialization, remove Archive [896cdebf] xmr: redundant exception removed [cb3813aa] xmr: serializer simplified [471213b4] xmr: serializer flake8 fix [9d4df17f] xmr: aescbc not needed [52dd8b3b] xmr: serializer - erefs kicked out [9e3be78f] xmr: sign cleanup, comments - state cleanup, comments added, unused code removed [164a7d6a] xmr: sign step 09 - fix in_memory artifact, dead branch [8fa4066d] xmr: sign step 03 - permutation length check added [55a593aa] xmr: multisig removed from protocol and functions [6470678d] xmr: black styling [02664401] xmr: step 03 review [daf7b7d6] xmr: step 02 review xmr: adding agent tests to travis [c752866f] xmr: unused imports removed [85115fd9] xmr: serializer test fixed - removed unsupported messages after serialization simplification [60874751] xmr: sign step 06 - comment on bulletproof hashing - hash_bp(bp) != hash(serialize(bp)) because hash does not contain array lengths [4abb5473] xmr: sign protocol - multisig logic removed [813cb3a0] xmr: lite protocol removed - backup left in xmr-total-full-with-lite branch [e5f5b5bd] xmr: serialization slimming - base types reduced, not needed for now - some int serialization methods not used now [fb515aaf] xmr: serialization - archive simplified - simple parameter passing, no kwargs - unused methods removed - reader/writer passing removed for archive methods [ec4c4adb] xmr: KeccakXmrArchive simplified, no archive used - getting rid of container_size. We dont use containers with fixed size so this special case can be abandoned. - KeccakXmrArchive is lighweight without need to touch main serialization [90065bd4] xmr: serialization - serialize_archive removed - custom serialization routine is not required at this moment [b98c2f89] xmr: extra serialization refactored, manual serialization - extra is serialized manually to reduce serialization overhead - extra contains simple structures now: - payment ID = already serialized manually - tx pub key = easy to serialize manually - tx additional pub keys = serialized manually with little effort, more efficient memory usage [8ce28a54] xmr: state 6 - provided tx keys removed - needed only in the multisig scenario which is pruned now [8d827f46] xmr: PreMlsagHasher pseudo out hashing fix [49e552da] xmr: redundant import removed [4199943d] xmr: KeccakXmrArchive simplified [69bbf5fa] xmr: PreMlsagHasher - KeyV import removed, comment added [9a194fa2] xmr: step7 - manual hashing of Extra [d8a09283] xmr: PreMlsagHasher state load/save removed - not needed, state not serialized anymore [d5f43fa4] xmr: serialize reimport removed - complex types are not surviving protocol boundary anymore, no need to fix hierarchy problems due to unimporting [3b045612] xmr: serialize - TupleType removed [b9a56981] xmr: serialization schemes simplified [a59dbb8d] xmr: HashWrapper removed [d0d1f05b] xmr: step 01 cleanup and comments [8f7a7782] xmr: isort, black, flake8 fixes [14265eb2] xmr: getting rid of CtKey from the state - only lightweight objects are kept in the state. CtKey is import heavy object. Each set_out call locally imports a new own version of the Ctkey which causes a memory leak. [c0cfc203] xmr: set_out minor function call fix [c11c4686] xmr: sign_tx unimport optimization to reduce fragmentation [df0a1dfc] xmr: range_sig allocation reordering, large chunks first [63cddd5f] xmr: remove misc.StdObj [8c8e3f33] xmr: proper memory usage in workflow [9be1e0ac] xmr: typos and renames [87f718b5] xmr: back to flat workflow [64751339] xmr: refactor builder to seperate steps - lot of work to be done, but the general idea will probably stay - the messages workflow works, but the signed tx was not accepted by daemon, so there is a bug somewhere - additional cleanup/refactoring is defintely needed [14b0a851] xmr: iface modified to layout [27d568e1] xmr: extmod refactoring - *_into removed, replaced by generic methods - point_add, point_sub added - code cleanup (+1 squashed commit) Squashed commits: [fbe39496] monero support added Squashed commits: xmr: hmac/enc keys removed from builder [41028dff] xmr: unused function removed [358573e3] xmr: PR comments fixes [4abf9dc9] xmr: test fixes after refactoring [192785ad] template rebuilt [57a1f25e] xmr: wrapper protocol messages removed [6f40ce17] xmr: trezor-common version bump & sync [03e71de2] xmr: check input permutation [6fc8b0ec] xmr: code cleanup, refactoring [85ecc151] xmr: crypto code cleanup [20b4113c] xmr: chunked bulletproof vectors - workaround for the heap fragmentation problems [66786f9d] tools: enable to reset class level indentation for mocks gen [dc6f84a9] xmr: extmod-monero comments added, for mocks [b1d4ab11] xmr: code cleanup [447a8625] xmr: tsx confirmation raises exception on cancellation [00dd8f6c] xmr: protocol optimizations removed, flow unified - in_memory optimization stored tx.vin parts in the memory which enabled to skip roundtrips with permutations and hash_vini. Optimizations was removed so the protocol flow is unified among inputs, independent of the tx specs - many_inputs: optimization stored spending keys for UTXO in memory, now it is offloaded in the encrypted form. [ea69c7ad] vendor: trezor-common version bump & pb sync [5d81c2a8] xmr: manual BP serialization - more memory effective as the memory is critical in the range proof section [d64bda7c] xmr: range_proof C-impl deprecated - using now partitioned implementation in Python, which is also quite fast and easier to maintain due to allocations and buffers. [18604e0f] xmr: borromean range sig generated by partitions - overcomes heap fragmentation problem [65a5116b] xmr: comments removed [ca2bd0cc] xmr: auto-generated intelliJ param comments removed [a75ef32e] xmr: code cleanup, heap fragmentations fixes Squashed commits: [d2ac2eb6] xmr: addr cleanup [7e4c1a9c] xmr: code cleanup, heap fragmentations fixes [93af8afb] xmr: refactoring, typing, comments [28df8662] xmr: comment fix [8b4f4d9c] xmr: serializer test fix (+34 squashed commits) Squashed commits: [823ee192] xmr: crypto comment cleanup [6debfb6b] xmr: ring_ct cleanup [759f52bf] xmr: tsx signer code style, hintins [0b175bc9] xmr: tsx builder external state removed [fee4a5ad] xmr: builder state fix [92736fa7] xmr: sign_tx unimport [a570ecb9] xmr: misc code cleanup [4a496bb7] xmr: hash wrapper not needed in writer [fefdb834] xmr: signer serialization improved [8fa6eec9] xmr: signer mem clean [66c53fe5] xmr: isort [6996bd90] xmr: black [59915a85] xmr: tsx input serialization refactored [326af131] xmr: msg dump with prefix [6e39801d] xmr: manual serialization of tx prefix [9e5e047a] xmr: manual serialization improvements [d07cee60] xmr: manual serialization of txout elements [8d56c80e] xmr: TxOut custom serialization optimized II [c19ba122] xmr: TxOut custom serialization optimized [ce0d9b0b] xmr: TxOut manual serialization [44e38342] xmr: sing_tx unimport [61ac61be] xmr: lite log trace rename [176b4275] xmr: de-async overhaul [89ae3bad] xmr: diag style [5ccb2fbb] xmr: wrappers cleanup [aa86fb19] xmr: py3 only inheritance [8031b1b0] xmr: builder, log_trace -> mem_trace for clarity [25bf70d7] xmr: debugging logging only in debug mode [c7c8d3c8] xmr: iface cleanup [b0373396] xmr: lite debug only [b1f6ce04] xmr: diag only in debug [de7d718b] xmr: tsx counter removed [76729beb] xmr: tsx_sign removed [c6e6ffa8] Merge commit 'ba500bf4ec1ef9cd953bdf5a47888c5226db8d0b' into xmr [ee97ef9f] xmr: minor code cleanup xmr: black xmr: minor code cleanup [bae3ecac] xmr: bp comments [5e812e6f] xmr: sign - mem_trace, pydoc [7216a8c6] xmr: pydoc removed [e87365f4] xmr: layout cleanup [8d21d82e] xmr: redundant constructors removed [9aa82bed] xmr: redundant comments removed [9b926d6c] xmr: preludes removed [bc9e77f1] xmr: readme update [cf62047a] xmr: aggregated bulletproofs + rsig offloading xmr: change idx fix xmr: iface refactoring, integrated address (+5 squashed commits) xmr: layout pagination refactoring xmr: addr - integrated address pb: sync vendor: trezor-common version bump xmr: style fixes xmr: handle sweep tsx correctly - handle dummy change address correctly xmr: integrated address generation build: fix after trezor-crypto version bump xmr: new protocol dispatch handlers xmr: slip0010 [43cf4c3c] xmr: comment fix xmr: extmod pointer aritm fix xmr: _into api unified, result is the first parameter xmr: bp cleanup xmr: scalar nullity test fix xmr: msg registration improved - lite protocol optional - diag protocol optional xmr: unused imports (+33 squashed commits) [b4d045ae] xmr: bp - noqa flake8 false positive [2c79d4be] xmr: isort [8b9d2835] xmr: code cleanup [eb7496e9] xmr: iface - shorter timeouts for faster tests [59520b63] xmr: ringct comment [6b16088e] xmr: signer - comment fixes [a08958e2] xmr: simple and bulletproof condition fix [4e0289a9] vendor: trezor-common version bump [de472e5a] xmr: black [234d2249] xmr: lightening, fixes, KeccakXmrArchive - builder keys - unload mods before memory intensive operation [abdec665] xmr: sign_tx logging [989d8687] xmr: serialize lightening [7d61f056] xmr: tsx sign refactoring, lightening - wake_up state restore - minimize import weight [3a0daa8b] xmr: serialize thinning [65ad1d2e] xmr: serialize thinning [501221d5] xmr: bp - thinning [3d980377] xmr: bp - generalization with proof_v8 [10d11d60] xmr: extended rsig - offloading protocol [a8f5caa2] xmr: crypto - rsig params fix [f5e130b8] xmr: crypto - inv8 [dbc3f9d8] xmr: rsig pb sync [5748a13e] xmr: bp - data for bp4 fix (+18 squashed commits) Squashed commits: [5bcd54e3] xmr: bp - black [e93e97dd] xmr: bp refactoring, large memory optimizations - memoryview in __getitem__ requires new memory allocation so the refactored version uses to(), read() methods that can operate directly on buffers without need to create memory views. [c30745ae] xmr: bp - black [f5c40699] xmr: bp - tests extended [8dae75de] xmr: bp - get_exponent optim [3e59ff80] xmr: bp - precomputations for 4 statements [d1d2e29c] xmr: bp - gc.collect [1bb6b5ba] xmr: bp - optimizations, streamlining [2a2b0cb7] xmr: bp - verification in log(MN) memory for 1 proof - not allocating MN vectors - sequential multiexec added for memory efficient verification - bulletproofs: maintain -z4, -z5, and -y0 to avoid subtractions [8276d25] - bulletproofs: merge multiexps as per sarang's new python code [acd64d2b] [75aa7dee] xmr: bp - memory optimization [a10d05a9] xmr: bp - deterministic mask generation init [5060d6a7] xmr: bp optimizations [dd69eb1b] xmr: bp - black [19f0f64b] xmr: bp - optimizations, power key vector [2ba63f8c] xmr: bp - minor cleanup, optimizations, scalarmultH [31c9ca2d] xmr: bp - mem clean [3fc2c793] xmr: bp - memory save [5b16c9cc] bp: black [f1040c97] xmr: crypto - memory leak fix [ff863510] xmr: iface - flake [6ebf69c2] xmr: lite - flake8, black [eee55d62] xmr: bp - memory diag [2767009b] xmr: bulletproofs upgrade, mainnet version, cleaning [be6ebbd5] xmr: lite protocol [d603e96d] xmr: pb sync [5da15da9] vendor: trezor-common fix [0373b97e] xmr: iface - output confirmation split, subaddr fix [2cf32176] xmr: monero - subaddress fixed for index (0, 0) [3bb8f08b] xmr: enc.aescbc added - for lite protocol (+1 squashed commit) Squashed commits: [011dbaab] TMP: trezor-common on master, crypto on ph4 - trezor-crypto on ph4r04 fork as it has all required stuff - Lite protocol not merged in master, thus does not work in the PR [795b34e1] xmr: get_address fix [2d39c90c] xmr: bp - import fix (squashed commit) Squashed commits: [2d5c6cee] extmod: monero - reduce32 and ge25519_norm removed (squashed commit) - not needed in trezor-core (+4 squashed commits) Squashed commits: [90e6b5c5] xmr: bp optimization [4fda0d22] xmr: redundant ge_ functions removed [68903767] xmr: crypto - sc_reduce32 not needed [c8a6c807] xmr: test for inversion added (+12 squashed commits) Squashed commits: [378928db] xmr: adapting to new trezor-crypto [8f4ff8c1] protob sync [82dff70a] vendor: trezor-common version bump [fabc67b3] extmod: monero - inversion mod curve order optimized a bit [4f29fe4c] xmr: import fix [f6f8e300] xmr: bp - code cleanup [d54b4f3b] xmr: bp - memory cleaning [1065abc3] xmr: tsx_signer - bulletproofs fixes [9f8a700f] xmr: bp key vector iterator fix [49c25977] xmr.serialize: bulletproof fix [1ee77378] xmr: monero - format [cf0a7104] xmr: bp last mask fix (+20 squashed commits) Squashed commits: [fa1c3623] xmr: black [3f3e31f3] xmr: bulletproofs added to signer [d23d9284] xmr: protocol.tsx_sign_builder - logger collects [a28eb55f] xmr: bp - memory optimizations [d2fcb23a] xmr: tests for bulletproofs added [82eef146] xmr: bp - gc (+14 squashed commits) Squashed commits: [4cf70d97] xmr: bp - gc [42877b05] xmr: bp - minor memory optimization [2c612e45] xmr: bp - use sc_inv_into [d7e9dab4] xmr: bp - KeyVEval fix [1523f400] xmr: bp - blacked [b264a65b] xmr: bp - KeyVEval - caching current element, avoid allocations [83ba7a65] xmr: bp - memory view optimized [b517906c] xmr: bp - gc() during inversion [92d37c88] xmr: bp - gc.collect() after expensive inversion [e7fad558] xmr: bp - hashing memory optimization [4c278152] xmr: bp - deterministic masks optimization, prove_s1 optim [cbf74a70] xmr: bp - detect which modular inversion is usable [8ea1ec43] xmr: better memory tracing for bulletproofs [2f4dd552] xmr: bulletproofs added [1928e2d3] xmr: crypto - sc_inv_into added (+2 squashed commits) Squashed commits: [f895fa6e] xmr: crypto - hash to existing buffer [b76c6b09] xmr: crypto - in-place crypto functions added - required for Bulletproof to minimize the heap fragmentation [cab4366e] extmod: monero - modular inversion mod curve order added (+2 squashed commits) Squashed commits: [52a6e487] extmod: monero - hash into buffer added [695a3827] extmod: monero module - muladd256_modm added - required for Bulletproof [3f4498d7] xmr: crypto tests added - basic unit tests for crypto, tests monero module and underlying trezor-crypto + basic address manipulation [820d012d] pb sync [49eeddd1] vendor: trezor-common version bump [30382440] xmr: crypto - point norm not needed [89701c41] tests: xmr - serializer tests added [bfee46db] tests: support async unit tests, assertListEqual added [55c14487] xmr: serialize - serialization logic cleaned, refactored [4b771638] xmr: simplification, do not ask to confirm change tx output - change address checked to match main address in the builder [f334d8ad] xmr: protocol: simplification - require change address to equal the main address [1a3416eb] xmr: unpack256_modm_noreduce added - 32B array to integer mod curve order, without modular reduction after conversion - required for bulletproofs [1c94b5d4] xmr: readme added [3cc9f9fa] extmod/monero: mul256_modm added, required for BP [5cf77a4c] xmr: monero support added [for review] depends on PRs: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-crypto/pull/162 https://github.com/trezor/trezor-core/pull/286
2018-08-06 12:07:14 +00:00
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-aes.h
class AES:
'''
AES context.
'''
def __init__(self, mode: int, key: bytes, iv: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Initialize AES context.
'''
def encrypt(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
'''
Encrypt data and update AES context.
'''
def decrypt(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
'''
Decrypt data and update AES context.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-blake256.h
class Blake256:
'''
Blake256 context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-blake2b.h
class Blake2b:
'''
Blake2b context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None, outlen: int = Blake2b.digest_size, personal: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-blake2s.h
class Blake2s:
'''
Blake2s context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None, outlen: int = Blake2s.digest_size, key: bytes = None, personal: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-chacha20poly1305.h
class ChaCha20Poly1305:
'''
ChaCha20Poly1305 context.
'''
def __init__(self, key: bytes, nonce: bytes) -> None:
'''
Initialize the ChaCha20 + Poly1305 context for encryption or decryption
using a 32 byte key and 12 byte nonce as in the RFC 7539 style.
'''
def encrypt(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
'''
Encrypt data (length of data must be divisible by 64 except for the final value).
'''
def decrypt(self, data: bytes) -> bytes:
'''
Decrypt data (length of data must be divisible by 64 except for the final value).
'''
def auth(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Include authenticated data in the Poly1305 MAC using the RFC 7539
style with 16 byte padding. This must only be called once and prior
to encryption or decryption.
'''
def finish(self) -> bytes:
'''
Compute RFC 7539-style Poly1305 MAC.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-groestl.h
class Groestl512:
'''
GROESTL512 context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-pbkdf2.h
class Pbkdf2:
'''
PBKDF2 context.
'''
def __init__(self, prf: int, password: bytes, salt: bytes, iterations: int = None, blocknr: int = 1) -> None:
'''
Create a PBKDF2 context.
'''
def update(self, iterations: int) -> None:
'''
Update a PBKDF2 context.
'''
def key(self) -> bytes:
'''
Retrieve derived key.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-rfc6979.h
class Rfc6979:
'''
RFC6979 context.
'''
def __init__(self, secret_key: bytes, hash: bytes) -> None:
'''
Initialize RFC6979 context from secret key and a hash.
'''
def next(self) -> bytes:
'''
Compute next 32-bytes of pseudorandom data.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-ripemd160.h
class Ripemd160:
'''
RIPEMD160 context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-sha1.h
class Sha1:
'''
SHA1 context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-sha256.h
class Sha256:
'''
SHA256 context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-sha3-256.h
class Sha3_256:
'''
SHA3_256 context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None, keccak = False) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
def copy(self) -> sha3:
'''
Returns the copy of the digest object with the current state
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-sha3-512.h
class Sha3_512:
'''
SHA3_512 context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None, keccak = False) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def update(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''
def copy(self) -> sha3:
'''
Returns the copy of the digest object with the current state
'''
# extmod/modtrezorcrypto/modtrezorcrypto-sha512.h
class Sha512:
'''
SHA512 context.
'''
def __init__(self, data: bytes = None) -> None:
'''
Creates a hash context object.
'''
def hash(self, data: bytes) -> None:
'''
Update the hash context with hashed data.
'''
def digest(self) -> bytes:
'''
Returns the digest of hashed data.
'''