diff --git a/build-docker.sh b/build-docker.sh
index 59f77cc47..4ab13fe53 100755
--- a/build-docker.sh
+++ b/build-docker.sh
@@ -41,27 +41,81 @@ ALPINE_TARBALL=${ALPINE_FILE:-alpine-minirootfs-$ALPINE_VERSION-$ALPINE_ARCH.tar
 NIX_VERSION=${NIX_VERSION:-2.4}
 CONTAINER_FS_URL=${CONTAINER_FS_URL:-"$ALPINE_CDN/v$ALPINE_RELEASE/releases/$ALPINE_ARCH/$ALPINE_TARBALL"}
 
-VARIANTS_core=(0 1)
-VARIANTS_legacy=(0 1)
+function help_and_die() {
+  echo "Usage: $0 [options] tag"
+  echo "Options:"
+  echo "  --skip-bitcoinonly"
+  echo "  --skip-normal"
+  echo "  --skip-core"
+  echo "  --skip-legacy"
+  echo "  --repository path/to/repo"
+  echo "  --help"
+  echo
+  echo "Set PRODUCTION=0 to run non-production builds."
+  exit 0
+}
+
+OPT_BUILD_CORE=1
+OPT_BUILD_LEGACY=1
+OPT_BUILD_NORMAL=1
+OPT_BUILD_BITCOINONLY=1
+
+REPOSITORY="/local"
 
-if [ "$1" == "--skip-bitcoinonly" ]; then
-  VARIANTS_core=(0)
-  VARIANTS_legacy=(0)
-  shift
+while true; do
+  case "$1" in
+    -h|--help)
+      help_and_die
+      ;;
+    --skip-bitcoinonly)
+      OPT_BUILD_BITCOINONLY=0
+      shift
+      ;;
+    --skip-normal)
+      OPT_BUILD_NORMAL=0
+      shift
+      ;;
+    --skip-core)
+      OPT_BUILD_CORE=0
+      shift
+      ;;
+    --skip-legacy)
+      OPT_BUILD_LEGACY=0
+      shift
+      ;;
+    --repository)
+      REPOSITORY="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    *)
+      break
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if [ -z "$1" ]; then
+  help_and_die
 fi
 
-if [ "$1" == "--skip-core" ]; then
-  VARIANTS_core=()
-  shift
+variants=()
+if [ "$OPT_BUILD_NORMAL" -eq 1 ]; then
+  variants+=(0)
+fi
+if [ "$OPT_BUILD_BITCOINONLY" -eq 1 ]; then
+  variants+=(1)
 fi
 
-if [ "$1" == "--skip-legacy" ]; then
-  VARIANTS_legacy=()
-  shift
+VARIANTS_core=()
+VARIANTS_legacy=()
+
+if [ "$OPT_BUILD_CORE" -eq 1 ]; then
+  VARIANTS_core=("${variants[@]}")
+fi
+if [ "$OPT_BUILD_LEGACY" -eq 1 ]; then
+  VARIANTS_legacy=("${variants[@]}")
 fi
 
-TAG=${1:-master}
-REPOSITORY=${2:-/local}
+TAG="$1"
 PRODUCTION=${PRODUCTION:-1}
 
 
diff --git a/core/Makefile b/core/Makefile
index d93063de7..c38351fc1 100644
--- a/core/Makefile
+++ b/core/Makefile
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ CROSS_PORT_OPTS ?=
 PRODUCTION ?= 0
 PYOPT      ?= 1
 BITCOIN_ONLY ?= 0
+BOOTLOADER_QA ?= 0
 TREZOR_MODEL ?= T
 TREZOR_MEMPERF ?= 0
 ADDRESS_SANITIZER ?= 0
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ build_reflash: ## build reflash firmware + reflash image
 	dd if=build/bootloader/bootloader.bin of=$(REFLASH_BUILD_DIR)/sdimage.bin bs=1 seek=49152
 
 build_firmware: templates build_cross ## build firmware with frozen modules
-	$(SCONS) CFLAGS="$(CFLAGS)" PRODUCTION="$(PRODUCTION)" TREZOR_MODEL="$(TREZOR_MODEL)" CMAKELISTS="$(CMAKELISTS)" PYOPT="$(PYOPT)" BITCOIN_ONLY="$(BITCOIN_ONLY)" $(FIRMWARE_BUILD_DIR)/firmware.bin
+	$(SCONS) CFLAGS="$(CFLAGS)" PRODUCTION="$(PRODUCTION)" TREZOR_MODEL="$(TREZOR_MODEL)" CMAKELISTS="$(CMAKELISTS)" PYOPT="$(PYOPT)" BITCOIN_ONLY="$(BITCOIN_ONLY)" BOOTLOADER_QA="$(BOOTLOADER_QA)" $(FIRMWARE_BUILD_DIR)/firmware.bin
 
 build_unix: templates ## build unix port
 	$(SCONS) CFLAGS="$(CFLAGS)" $(UNIX_BUILD_DIR)/trezor-emu-core $(UNIX_PORT_OPTS) TREZOR_MODEL="$(TREZOR_MODEL)" CMAKELISTS="$(CMAKELISTS)" PYOPT="0" BITCOIN_ONLY="$(BITCOIN_ONLY)" TREZOR_EMULATOR_ASAN="$(ADDRESS_SANITIZER)"
diff --git a/core/SConscript.firmware b/core/SConscript.firmware
index 0226fc18d..c3f677acd 100644
--- a/core/SConscript.firmware
+++ b/core/SConscript.firmware
@@ -5,11 +5,16 @@ import os
 import tools
 
 BITCOIN_ONLY = ARGUMENTS.get('BITCOIN_ONLY', '0')
+PRODUCTION = ARGUMENTS.get('PRODUCTION', '0')
+BOOTLOADER_QA = ARGUMENTS.get('BOOTLOADER_QA', '0') == '1'
 EVERYTHING = BITCOIN_ONLY != '1'
 TREZOR_MODEL = ARGUMENTS.get('TREZOR_MODEL', 'T')
 DMA2D = TREZOR_MODEL in ('T', )
 CMAKELISTS = int(ARGUMENTS.get('CMAKELISTS', 0))
 
+if PRODUCTION != '1' and BOOTLOADER_QA:
+    raise ValueError('Firmware variant for bootloader upgrade testing must be done with PRODUCTION=1')
+
 FEATURE_FLAGS = {
     "RDI": True,
     "SECP256K1_ZKP": True,  # required for trezor.crypto.curve.bip340 (BIP340/Taproot)
@@ -424,7 +429,7 @@ tools.add_font('MONO', FONT_MONO, CPPDEFINES_MOD, SOURCE_MOD)
 
 SOURCE_QSTR = SOURCE_MOD + SOURCE_MICROPYTHON + SOURCE_MICROPYTHON_SPEED
 
-env = Environment(ENV=os.environ, CFLAGS='%s -DPRODUCTION=%s -DPYOPT=%s -DBITCOIN_ONLY=%s' % (ARGUMENTS.get('CFLAGS', ''), ARGUMENTS.get('PRODUCTION', '0'), PYOPT, BITCOIN_ONLY))
+env = Environment(ENV=os.environ, CFLAGS='%s -DPRODUCTION=%s -DPYOPT=%s -DBITCOIN_ONLY=%s' % (ARGUMENTS.get('CFLAGS', ''), PRODUCTION, PYOPT, BITCOIN_ONLY))
 
 FEATURES_AVAILABLE = tools.configure_board(TREZOR_MODEL, FEATURES_WANTED, env, CPPDEFINES_MOD, SOURCE_TREZORHAL)
 
@@ -782,7 +787,7 @@ obj_program.extend(
         ' $SOURCE $TARGET', ))
 
 
-BOOTLOADER_SUFFIX =  tools.get_model_identifier(TREZOR_MODEL)
+BOOTLOADER_SUFFIX =  tools.get_model_identifier(TREZOR_MODEL) + ('_QA' if BOOTLOADER_QA else '')
 
 obj_program.extend(
     env.Command(
diff --git a/core/embed/firmware/bootloaders/bootloader_1.bin b/core/embed/firmware/bootloaders/bootloader_1.bin
new file mode 120000
index 000000000..6a019c96b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/embed/firmware/bootloaders/bootloader_1.bin
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../../legacy/firmware/bootloader.dat
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/legacy/index.md b/docs/legacy/index.md
index 344b992e2..48ae4c0e4 100644
--- a/docs/legacy/index.md
+++ b/docs/legacy/index.md
@@ -110,6 +110,9 @@ trezorctl firmware-update -f build/legacy/firmware/firmware.bin
 
 ## Combining bootloader and firmware with various `PRODUCTION` settings, signed/unsigned
 
+This is an issue before firmware 1.11.2, historical versions need to be built according
+to this table.
+
 Not all combinations of bootloader and firmware will work. This depends on
 3 variables: PRODUCTION of bootloader, PRODUCTION of firmware, whether firmware is signed
 
@@ -118,9 +121,9 @@ This table shows the result for bootloader 1.8.0+ and 1.9.1+:
 | Bootloader PRODUCTION | Firmware PRODUCTION | Is firmware officially signed? | Result                                                                                     |
 | ------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
 |  1                        |  1                      | yes                            | works, official configuration                                                              |
-|  1                        |  1                      | no                             | hardfault in header.S when setting VTOR and stack                                          |
+|  1                        |  1                      | no                             | hardfault in startup.S when setting VTOR and stack                                          |
 |  0                        |  1                      | no                             | works, but don't forget to comment out `check_and_replace_bootloader`, otherwise it'll get overwritten |
-|  0                        |  0                      | no                             | hard fault because header.S doesn't set VTOR and stack right                               |
+|  0                        |  0                      | no                             | hard fault because startup.S doesn't set VTOR and stack right                               |
 |  1                        |  0                      | no                             | works                                                                                      |
 
 The other three possibilities with signed firmware and `PRODUCTION!=0` for bootloader/firmware don't exist.
diff --git a/legacy/Makefile b/legacy/Makefile
index 2f6f9eb50..5fb84a7ff 100644
--- a/legacy/Makefile
+++ b/legacy/Makefile
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 ifneq ($(EMULATOR),1)
 OBJS += setup.o
-OBJS += startup.o
 OBJS += timer.o
 endif
 
diff --git a/legacy/Makefile.include b/legacy/Makefile.include
index f7cbd6ec2..261316957 100644
--- a/legacy/Makefile.include
+++ b/legacy/Makefile.include
@@ -95,6 +95,13 @@ LDFLAGS  += -L$(TOP_DIR) \
 
 ZKP_PATH = $(TOP_DIR)vendor/secp256k1-zkp
 
+# hw_model = T1B1 = 0x31423154
+HW_MODEL = 0x31423154
+CPUFLAGS   += -DHW_MODEL=$(HW_MODEL)
+CPUFLAGS   += -DHW_REVISION=0
+CFLAGS   += -DHW_MODEL=$(HW_MODEL)
+CFLAGS   += -DHW_REVISION=0
+
 ifeq ($(EMULATOR),1)
 CFLAGS   += -DEMULATOR=1
 
@@ -156,6 +163,18 @@ CPUFLAGS += -DPRODUCTION=1
 $(info PRODUCTION=1)
 endif
 
+BOOTLOADER_QA ?= 0
+ifeq ($(BOOTLOADER_QA), 0)
+CFLAGS   += -DBOOTLOADER_QA=0
+CPUFLAGS += -DBOOTLOADER_QA=0
+$(info BOOTLOADER_QA=0)
+else
+CFLAGS   += -DBOOTLOADER_QA=1
+CPUFLAGS += -DBOOTLOADER_QA=1
+$(info BOOTLOADER_QA=1)
+endif
+
+
 ifeq ($(DEBUG_RNG), 1)
 CFLAGS += -DDEBUG_RNG=1
 else
diff --git a/legacy/bootloader/.changelog.d/2568.added b/legacy/bootloader/.changelog.d/2568.added
deleted file mode 100644
index 77b0e992f..000000000
--- a/legacy/bootloader/.changelog.d/2568.added
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-T1 bootloader: verify firmware signatures based on SignMessage, add signature debugging
diff --git a/legacy/bootloader/CHANGELOG.md b/legacy/bootloader/CHANGELOG.md
index ca0507070..8067ffb86 100644
--- a/legacy/bootloader/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/legacy/bootloader/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,21 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
 
+## 1.12.1 [February 2023]
+
+### Fixed
+- Correctly distrust v2-signed firmwares.
+
+
+## 1.12.0 [internal only - January 2023]
+
+### Added
+- T1 bootloader: verify firmware signatures based on SignMessage, add signature debugging  [#2568]
+
+### Fixed
+- Better way to debug T1 combinations of debug/production combinations of bootloader and firmware  [#2423]
+
+
 ## 1.11.0 [May 2022]
 
 ### Added
@@ -128,3 +143,5 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
 [#1642]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1642
 [#1884]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1884
 [#2231]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2231
+[#2423]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2423
+[#2568]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2568
diff --git a/legacy/bootloader/Makefile b/legacy/bootloader/Makefile
index dd8b0b866..7df46de99 100644
--- a/legacy/bootloader/Makefile
+++ b/legacy/bootloader/Makefile
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 NAME  = bootloader-unaligned
 
+OBJS += startup.o
 OBJS += bootloader.o
 OBJS += usb.o
 
@@ -18,7 +19,6 @@ OBJS += ../oled.small.o
 OBJS += ../random_delays.small.o
 OBJS += ../rng.small.o
 OBJS += ../setup.small.o
-OBJS += ../startup.o
 OBJS += ../supervise.small.o
 OBJS += ../timer.small.o
 OBJS += ../usb21_standard.small.o
diff --git a/legacy/bootloader/bootloader.c b/legacy/bootloader/bootloader.c
index 31c046f45..af78230e9 100644
--- a/legacy/bootloader/bootloader.c
+++ b/legacy/bootloader/bootloader.c
@@ -161,6 +161,12 @@ int main(void) {
     if (SIG_OK != signed_firmware) {
       show_unofficial_warning(fingerprint);
     }
+#if !PRODUCTION && !BOOTLOADER_QA && !DEBUG_T1_SIGNATURES
+    // try to avoid bricking board SWD debug by accident
+    else {
+      show_halt("Official firmware", "Won't run on debug device");
+    }
+#endif
 
     if (SIG_OK != check_firmware_hashes(hdr)) {
       show_halt("Broken firmware", "detected.");
diff --git a/legacy/bootloader/firmware_sign_dev.py b/legacy/bootloader/firmware_sign_dev.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..af66ce1ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/bootloader/firmware_sign_dev.py
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import argparse
+import hashlib
+import struct
+
+import ecdsa
+from ecdsa import BadSignatureError
+
+SLOTS = 3
+
+pubkeys_dev = {
+    1: "042c0b7cf95324a07d05398b240174dc0c2be444d96b159aa6c7f7b1e668680991ae31a9c671a36543f46cea8fce6984608aa316aa0472a7eed08847440218cb2f",
+    2: "04edabbd16b41c8371b92ef2f04c1185b4f03b6dcd52ba9b78d9d7c89c8f2211452c88a66eb8ac3c19a1cc3a3fc6d72506f6fce2025f738d8b55f29f22125eb0a4",
+    3: "04665f660a5052be7a95546a02179058d93d3e08a779734914594346075bb0afd45113948d72cf3dc8f2b70ee02dc1695d051bb0c6da2a914a69045e3277682d3b",
+}
+
+privkeys_dev = {
+    1: "0x4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444",
+    2: "0x4545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545",
+    3: "0xbfc4bca9c9c228a16639d3503d999a733a439210b64cebe757a4fd03ca46a5c8",
+}
+
+FWHEADER_SIZE = 1024
+SIGNATURES_START = 6 * 4 + 8 + 512
+INDEXES_START = SIGNATURES_START + 3 * 64
+
+INDEXES_START_OLD = len("TRZR") + struct.calcsize("<I")
+SIG_START = INDEXES_START_OLD + SLOTS + 1 + 52
+
+
+def parse_args():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Commandline tool for signing Trezor firmware."
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("-f", "--file", dest="path", help="Firmware file to modify")
+
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def pad_to_size(data, size):
+    if len(data) > size:
+        raise ValueError("Chunk too big already")
+    if len(data) == size:
+        return data
+    return data + b"\xFF" * (size - len(data))
+
+
+# see memory.h for details
+
+
+def prepare_hashes(data):
+    # process chunks
+    start = 0
+    end = (64 - 1) * 1024
+    hashes = []
+    for i in range(16):
+        sector = data[start:end]
+        if len(sector) > 0:
+            chunk = pad_to_size(sector, end - start)
+            hashes.append(hashlib.sha256(chunk).digest())
+        else:
+            hashes.append(b"\x00" * 32)
+        start = end
+        end += 64 * 1024
+    return hashes
+
+
+def check_hashes(data):
+    expected_hashes = data[0x20 : 0x20 + 16 * 32]
+    hashes = b""
+    for h in prepare_hashes(data[FWHEADER_SIZE:]):
+        hashes += h
+
+    if expected_hashes == hashes:
+        print("HASHES OK")
+    else:
+        print("HASHES NOT OK")
+
+
+def update_hashes_in_header(data):
+    # Store hashes in the firmware header
+    data = bytearray(data)
+    o = 0
+    for h in prepare_hashes(data[FWHEADER_SIZE:]):
+        data[0x20 + o : 0x20 + o + 32] = h
+        o += 32
+    return bytes(data)
+
+
+def get_header(data, zero_signatures=False):
+    if not zero_signatures:
+        return data[:FWHEADER_SIZE]
+    else:
+        data = bytearray(data[:FWHEADER_SIZE])
+        data[SIGNATURES_START : SIGNATURES_START + 3 * 64 + 3] = b"\x00" * (3 * 64 + 3)
+        return bytes(data)
+
+
+def check_size(data):
+    size = struct.unpack("<L", data[12:16])[0]
+    assert size == len(data) - 1024
+
+
+def check_signatures(data):
+    # Analyses given firmware and prints out
+    # status of included signatures
+
+    indexes = [x for x in data[INDEXES_START : INDEXES_START + SLOTS]]
+
+    to_sign = get_header(data, zero_signatures=True)
+    fingerprint = hashlib.sha256(to_sign).hexdigest()
+
+    print("Firmware fingerprint:", fingerprint)
+
+    used = []
+    for x in range(SLOTS):
+        signature = data[SIGNATURES_START + 64 * x : SIGNATURES_START + 64 * x + 64]
+
+        if indexes[x] == 0:
+            print(f"Slot #{x + 1}", "is empty")
+        else:
+            pubkeys = pubkeys_dev
+            pk = pubkeys[indexes[x]]
+            verify = ecdsa.VerifyingKey.from_string(
+                bytes.fromhex(pk)[1:],
+                curve=ecdsa.curves.SECP256k1,
+                hashfunc=hashlib.sha256,
+            )
+
+            try:
+                verify.verify(signature, to_sign, hashfunc=hashlib.sha256)
+
+                if indexes[x] in used:
+                    print(f"Slot #{x + 1} signature: DUPLICATE", signature.hex())
+                else:
+                    used.append(indexes[x])
+                    print(f"Slot #{x + 1} signature: VALID", signature.hex())
+
+            except Exception:
+                print(f"Slot #{x + 1} signature: INVALID", signature.hex())
+
+
+def modify(data, slot, index, signature):
+    data = bytearray(data)
+    # put index to data
+    data[INDEXES_START + slot - 1] = index
+    # put signature to data
+    data[SIGNATURES_START + 64 * (slot - 1) : SIGNATURES_START + 64 * slot] = signature
+    return bytes(data)
+
+
+def sign(data, slot, secexp):
+    key = ecdsa.SigningKey.from_secret_exponent(
+        secexp=int(secexp, 16),
+        curve=ecdsa.curves.SECP256k1,
+        hashfunc=hashlib.sha256,
+    )
+
+    to_sign = get_header(data, zero_signatures=True)
+
+    # Locate proper index of current signing key
+    pubkey = "04" + key.get_verifying_key().to_string().hex()
+    index = None
+
+    pubkeys = pubkeys_dev
+    for i, pk in pubkeys.items():
+        if pk == pubkey:
+            index = i
+            break
+
+    if index is None:
+        raise Exception("Unable to find private key index. Unknown private key?")
+
+    signature = key.sign_deterministic(to_sign, hashfunc=hashlib.sha256)
+
+    return modify(data, slot, index, signature)
+
+
+def prepare_old(data):
+    # Takes raw OR signed firmware and clean out metadata structure
+    # This produces 'clean' data for signing
+
+    meta = b"TRZR"  # magic
+    if data[:4] == b"TRZR":
+        meta += data[4 : 4 + struct.calcsize("<I")]
+    else:
+        meta += struct.pack("<I", len(data))  # length of the code
+    meta += b"\x00" * SLOTS  # signature index #1-#3
+    meta += b"\x01"  # flags
+    meta += b"\x00" * 52  # reserved
+    meta += b"\x00" * 64 * SLOTS  # signature #1-#3
+
+    if data[:4] == b"TRZR":
+        # Replace existing header
+        out = meta + data[len(meta) :]
+    else:
+        # create data from meta + code
+        out = meta + data
+
+    return out
+
+
+def check_signatures_old(data):
+    # Analyses given firmware and prints out
+    # status of included signatures
+
+    try:
+        indexes = [ord(x) for x in data[INDEXES_START_OLD : INDEXES_START_OLD + SLOTS]]
+    except TypeError:
+        indexes = [x for x in data[INDEXES_START_OLD : INDEXES_START_OLD + SLOTS]]
+
+    to_sign = prepare_old(data)[256:]  # without meta
+    fingerprint = hashlib.sha256(to_sign).hexdigest()
+
+    print("Firmware fingerprint:", fingerprint)
+
+    used = []
+    for x in range(SLOTS):
+        signature = data[SIG_START + 64 * x : SIG_START + 64 * x + 64]
+
+        if indexes[x] == 0:
+            print("Slot #%d" % (x + 1), "is empty")
+        else:
+            pubkeys = pubkeys_dev
+            pk = pubkeys[indexes[x]]
+            verify = ecdsa.VerifyingKey.from_string(
+                bytes.fromhex(pk)[1:],
+                curve=ecdsa.curves.SECP256k1,
+                hashfunc=hashlib.sha256,
+            )
+
+            try:
+                verify.verify(signature, to_sign, hashfunc=hashlib.sha256)
+
+                if indexes[x] in used:
+                    print("Slot #%d signature: DUPLICATE" % (x + 1), signature.hex())
+                else:
+                    used.append(indexes[x])
+                    print("Slot #%d signature: VALID" % (x + 1), signature.hex())
+
+            except BadSignatureError:
+                print("Slot #%d signature: INVALID" % (x + 1), signature.hex())
+
+
+def modify_old(data, slot, index, signature):
+    # Replace signature in data
+
+    # Put index to data
+    data = (
+        data[: INDEXES_START_OLD + slot - 1]
+        + bytes([index])
+        + data[INDEXES_START_OLD + slot :]
+    )
+
+    # Put signature to data
+    data = (
+        data[: SIG_START + 64 * (slot - 1)] + signature + data[SIG_START + 64 * slot :]
+    )
+
+    return data
+
+
+def sign_old(data, slot, secexp):
+    key = ecdsa.SigningKey.from_secret_exponent(
+        secexp=int(secexp, 16),
+        curve=ecdsa.curves.SECP256k1,
+        hashfunc=hashlib.sha256,
+    )
+
+    to_sign = prepare_old(data)[256:]  # without meta
+
+    # Locate proper index of current signing key
+    pubkey = "04" + key.get_verifying_key().to_string().hex()
+    index = None
+
+    pubkeys = pubkeys_dev
+
+    for i, pk in pubkeys.items():
+        if pk == pubkey:
+            index = i
+            break
+
+    if index is None:
+        raise Exception("Unable to find private key index. Unknown private key?")
+
+    signature = key.sign_deterministic(to_sign, hashfunc=hashlib.sha256)
+
+    return modify_old(data, slot, index, signature)
+
+
+def main(args):
+    if not args.path:
+        raise Exception("-f/--file is required")
+
+    data = open(args.path, "rb").read()
+    assert len(data) % 4 == 0
+
+    if data[:4] != b"TRZF":
+        raise Exception("Firmware header expected")
+
+    data = update_hashes_in_header(data)
+
+    print(f"Firmware size {len(data)} bytes")
+
+    check_size(data)
+    check_signatures(data)
+    check_hashes(data)
+
+    data = sign(data, 1, privkeys_dev[1])
+    data = sign(data, 2, privkeys_dev[2])
+    data = sign(data, 3, privkeys_dev[3])
+    check_signatures(data)
+    check_hashes(data)
+
+    fp = open(args.path, "wb")
+    fp.write(data)
+    fp.close()
+
+    data = prepare_old(data)
+    check_signatures_old(data)
+    data = sign_old(data, 1, privkeys_dev[1])
+    data = sign_old(data, 2, privkeys_dev[2])
+    data = sign_old(data, 3, privkeys_dev[3])
+    check_signatures_old(data)
+
+    fp = open(args.path, "wb")
+    fp.write(data)
+    fp.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    args = parse_args()
+    main(args)
diff --git a/legacy/startup.S b/legacy/bootloader/startup.S
similarity index 83%
rename from legacy/startup.S
rename to legacy/bootloader/startup.S
index 85478934a..4f88c532b 100644
--- a/legacy/startup.S
+++ b/legacy/bootloader/startup.S
@@ -20,18 +20,6 @@ memset_reg:
   .type reset_handler, STT_FUNC
 reset_handler:
 
-#if PRODUCTION
-// we need to perform this in case an old bootloader (<1.8.0)
-// is starting the new firmware, these will be set incorrectly
-  ldr r0, =0xE000ED08  // r0 = VTOR address
-  ldr r1, =0x08010400  // r1 = FLASH_APP_START
-  str r1, [r0]         // assign
-  ldr r0, =_stack      // r0 = stack pointer
-  msr msp, r0          // set stack pointer
-  dsb
-  isb
-#endif
-
   ldr r0, =_stay_in_bootloader_flag_addr  // r0 - address of storage for "stay in bootloader" flag
   ldr r11, [r0]        // r11 - keep in register and hope it gets to main
 
diff --git a/legacy/bootloader/usb.c b/legacy/bootloader/usb.c
index e3290bd38..37b5c066e 100644
--- a/legacy/bootloader/usb.c
+++ b/legacy/bootloader/usb.c
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ static int should_keep_storage(int old_was_signed,
 
   const image_header *new_hdr = (const image_header *)FW_HEADER;
   // new header must be signed by v3 signmessage/verifymessage scheme
-  if (SIG_OK != signatures_ok(new_hdr, NULL, true)) return SIG_FAIL;
+  if (SIG_OK != signatures_ok(new_hdr, NULL, sectrue)) return SIG_FAIL;
   // if the new header hashes don't match flash contents, erase storage
   if (SIG_OK != check_firmware_hashes(new_hdr)) return SIG_FAIL;
 
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ static void rx_callback(usbd_device *dev, uint8_t ep) {
       flash_state = STATE_CHECK;
       const image_header *hdr = (const image_header *)FW_HEADER;
       // allow only v3 signmessage/verifymessage signature for new FW
-      if (SIG_OK != signatures_ok(hdr, NULL, true)) {
+      if (SIG_OK != signatures_ok(hdr, NULL, sectrue)) {
         send_msg_buttonrequest_firmwarecheck(dev);
         return;
       }
@@ -412,12 +412,20 @@ static void rx_callback(usbd_device *dev, uint8_t ep) {
 
   if (flash_state == STATE_CHECK) {
     // use the firmware header from RAM
-    const image_header *hdr = (const image_header *)FW_HEADER;
+    image_header *hdr = (image_header *)FW_HEADER;
 
     bool hash_check_ok;
     // show fingerprint of unsigned firmware
     // allow only v3 signmessage/verifymessage signatures
-    if (SIG_OK != signatures_ok(hdr, NULL, true)) {
+    if (SIG_OK != signatures_ok(hdr, NULL, sectrue)) {
+      // clear invalid signatures
+      hdr->sigindex1 = 0;
+      hdr->sigindex2 = 0;
+      hdr->sigindex3 = 0;
+      memset(hdr->sig1, 0, sizeof(hdr->sig1));
+      memset(hdr->sig2, 0, sizeof(hdr->sig2));
+      memset(hdr->sig3, 0, sizeof(hdr->sig3));
+
       if (msg_id != 0x001B) {  // ButtonAck message (id 27)
         return;
       }
diff --git a/legacy/bootloader/version.h b/legacy/bootloader/version.h
index c0c3d1f88..3d7066741 100644
--- a/legacy/bootloader/version.h
+++ b/legacy/bootloader/version.h
@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
 #define VERSION_MAJOR 1
-#define VERSION_MINOR 11
-#define VERSION_PATCH 0
-
-#define VERSION_MAJOR_CHAR "\x01"
-#define VERSION_MINOR_CHAR "\x0B"
-#define VERSION_PATCH_CHAR "\x00"
+#define VERSION_MINOR 12
+#define VERSION_PATCH 2
diff --git a/legacy/debug_signing/README.md b/legacy/debug_signing/README.md
index 7b4044e70..d8ad3f837 100644
--- a/legacy/debug_signing/README.md
+++ b/legacy/debug_signing/README.md
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@
 1. **FW header hash is different from whole FW hash in the one output by cibuild**
 1. Run the emulator or device (make sure not to confuse which are you using for signing)
 1. Run `firmware_hash_sign_trezor.py ../firmware/trezor.bin ../firmware/trezor.bin.signed`
-1. Accept 3 signature requests on signing device
-1. This will show you a list of 3 signatures for 3 keys
+1. Accept 2 signature requests on signing device
+1. This will show you a list of 2 signatures for 3 keys
 1. It will output `../firmware.trezor.bin.signed`
 
-By default the scripts uses the `[1, 2, 3]` sigindices, you can modify `sig_indices`
-inside to have different order or different keys (1 <= index <= 5 )
+By default the scripts uses the `[1, 2]` sigindices, you can modify `sig_indices`
+inside to have different order or different keys (1 <= index <= 3 )
 
 Update FW on T1 either via `trezorctl device firmware-update` or
 `make flash_firmware_jlink`.
diff --git a/legacy/debug_signing/fill_t1_fw_signatures.py b/legacy/debug_signing/fill_t1_fw_signatures.py
index 97f1ceec7..e3629d723 100755
--- a/legacy/debug_signing/fill_t1_fw_signatures.py
+++ b/legacy/debug_signing/fill_t1_fw_signatures.py
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ class Signatures:
         Patch signatures from signature_pairs.
         Requires filling signature_pairs beforehand.
         """
-        assert len(self.signature_pairs) == 3
+        assert len(self.signature_pairs) <= 3
 
-        for i in range(3):
+        for i in range(len(self.signature_pairs)):
             sigindex_ofs = self.sigindex_offsets[i]
             sig_ofs = self.sig_offsets[i]
             (sigindex, sig) = self.signature_pairs[i]
diff --git a/legacy/debug_signing/firmware_hash_sign_trezor.py b/legacy/debug_signing/firmware_hash_sign_trezor.py
index b662565a1..c11893da4 100755
--- a/legacy/debug_signing/firmware_hash_sign_trezor.py
+++ b/legacy/debug_signing/firmware_hash_sign_trezor.py
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ except IndexError:
     out_fw_fname = in_fw_fname + ".signed"
 
 # These 3 keys will be used in this order to sign the FW
-# each index can be >= 1 and <= 5
-sig_indices = [1, 2, 3]
+# each index can be >= 1 and <= 3
+sig_indices = [1, 2]
 
 print(f"Input trezor.bin file: {in_fw_fname}")
 print(f"Output signed trezor.bin file: {out_fw_fname}")
diff --git a/legacy/debug_signing/sign_firmware_v2_signature.py b/legacy/debug_signing/sign_firmware_v2_signature.py
index 686ebfe96..6abecfc2b 100755
--- a/legacy/debug_signing/sign_firmware_v2_signature.py
+++ b/legacy/debug_signing/sign_firmware_v2_signature.py
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ import ecdsa
 from fill_t1_fw_signatures import Signatures
 
 secret_keys_hex = [
-    "ba7994923c91771ad77c483f7d2b41f5506b82aa900e6f12edeae96c5c9f8f66",
-    "81a825d359da7ec9534e6cf7dd190bdbad62e134265764a5ec3e63317b060a51",
-    "37107a021e50ca3571102691606083f6a8d9cd600e35cd2c8e8f7b87796a045b",
+    "4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444",
+    "4545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545",
+    "bfc4bca9c9c228a16639d3503d999a733a439210b64cebe757a4fd03ca46a5c8",
     "5518381d95e93e8eb68a294354989906e3828f36b4556a2ad85d8333294eb1b7",
     "1d1d34168760dec092c9ff89377d8659076d2dfd95e0281719c15f90d067e211",
 ]
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ print(f"Output signed trezor.bin file: {out_fw_fname}")
 
 # Should be these public keys
 assert public_keys_hex == [
-    "0391cdaf3cac08c2712ee1e88cd6d346eb2c798fdaf95c0eb6efeea0d7014dac87",
-    "02186ff4e2b08bc5ae0e21a508f1ced48ff451eab7d794deb0b7cbe8efd729aba7",
-    "0324009f0b398ca1c335fb17a1021c3f7fb0831ddb28348a4f058b149ea4c589a0",
+    "032c0b7cf95324a07d05398b240174dc0c2be444d96b159aa6c7f7b1e668680991",
+    "02edabbd16b41c8371b92ef2f04c1185b4f03b6dcd52ba9b78d9d7c89c8f221145",
+    "03665f660a5052be7a95546a02179058d93d3e08a779734914594346075bb0afd4",
     "0366635d999417b65566866c65630d977a7ae723fe5f6c4cd17fa00f088ba184c1",
     "03f36c7d0fb615ada43d7188580f15ebda22d6f6b9b1a92bff16c6937799dcbc66",
 ]
diff --git a/legacy/debug_signing/sign_firmware_v3_signature.py b/legacy/debug_signing/sign_firmware_v3_signature.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e6a0ce4a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/debug_signing/sign_firmware_v3_signature.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+import typing as t
+from hashlib import sha256
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import click
+import ecdsa
+
+from trezorlib.firmware.legacy import LegacyV2Firmware
+from trezorlib.firmware.models import TREZOR_ONE_V3_DEV
+
+SECRET_KEYS = [
+    ecdsa.SigningKey.from_string(bytes.fromhex(sk), curve=ecdsa.SECP256k1)
+    for sk in (
+        "ca8de06e1e93d101136fa6fbc41432c52b6530299dfe32808030ee8e679702f1",
+        "dde47dd393f7d76f9b522bfa9760bc4543d2c3654491393774f54e066461fccb",
+        "14ba98c5c5cb8f1b214c661f4046ec2288c34fe2e73e02f149ec3dd8dad07ae2",
+    )
+]
+
+PUBLIC_KEYS: list[ecdsa.VerifyingKey] = [sk.get_verifying_key() for sk in SECRET_KEYS]
+
+# Should be these public keys
+assert [
+    pk.to_string("compressed") for pk in PUBLIC_KEYS
+] == TREZOR_ONE_V3_DEV.firmware_keys
+
+
+def signmessage(digest: bytes, key: ecdsa.SigningKey) -> bytes:
+    """Sign via SignMessage"""
+    btc_digest = b"\x18Bitcoin Signed Message:\n\x20" + digest
+    final_digest = sha256(sha256(btc_digest).digest()).digest()
+    return key.sign_digest_deterministic(final_digest, hashfunc=sha256)
+
+
+@click.command()
+@click.argument("firmware", type=click.File("rb"))
+@click.option("-i", "--index", "indices", type=int, multiple=True)
+def cli(firmware: click.utils.LazyFile, indices: t.Sequence[int]) -> None:
+    fw = LegacyV2Firmware.parse(firmware.read())
+    if not indices:
+        indices = [1, 2]
+
+    if len(indices) > 3:
+        raise click.ClickException("Too many indices")
+
+    digest = fw.digest()
+    for i, idx in enumerate(indices):
+        sk = SECRET_KEYS[idx - 1]
+        sig = signmessage(digest, sk)
+
+        fw.header.v1_key_indexes[i] = idx
+        fw.header.v1_signatures[i] = sig
+
+    new_fw = Path(firmware.name).with_suffix(".signed.bin")
+    new_fw.write_bytes(fw.build())
+    click.echo(f"Wrote signed firmware to {new_fw}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    cli()
diff --git a/legacy/demo/Makefile b/legacy/demo/Makefile
index eba48a4f2..6fd3f0985 100644
--- a/legacy/demo/Makefile
+++ b/legacy/demo/Makefile
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ APPVER = 1.0.0
 NAME  = demo
 
 OBJS += demo.o
+OBJS += startup.o
 
 OBJS += ../vendor/trezor-crypto/bignum.o
 OBJS += ../vendor/trezor-crypto/bip32.o
diff --git a/legacy/demo/startup.S b/legacy/demo/startup.S
new file mode 120000
index 000000000..efb899b49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/demo/startup.S
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../bootloader/startup.S
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/1453.fixed b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/1453.fixed
deleted file mode 100644
index 1672b03f0..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/1453.fixed
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Show full Stellar address and QR code.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/1749.added b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/1749.added
deleted file mode 100644
index 26482972a..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/1749.added
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Support Ledger Live legacy derivation path "m/44'/coin_type'/0'/account"
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2190.changed b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2190.changed
deleted file mode 100644
index 4872888c6..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2190.changed
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Do not convert bech32 addresses to uppercase in QR code to increase compatibility
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2289.changed b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2289.changed
deleted file mode 100644
index 245836460..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2289.changed
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Do not allow access to SLIP25 paths.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2373.fixed b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2373.fixed
deleted file mode 100644
index 631922d94..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2373.fixed
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Wrap long Ethereum fee to next line if it does not fit.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2442.added b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2442.added
deleted file mode 100644
index c9b38f712..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2442.added
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Show fee rate when replacing transaction
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2486.changed b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2486.changed
deleted file mode 100644
index 41fe5c3fa..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2486.changed
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Extend decimals of fee rate to 2 digits
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2487.changed b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2487.changed
deleted file mode 100644
index 254933514..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2487.changed
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Display only sat instead of sat BTC
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2568.added b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2568.added
deleted file mode 100644
index 77b0e992f..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2568.added
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-T1 bootloader: verify firmware signatures based on SignMessage, add signature debugging
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2682.added b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2682.added
deleted file mode 100644
index 265e0d1f3..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2682.added
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Allow proposed Casa m/45' multisig paths for Bitcoin and Ethereum.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added
deleted file mode 100644
index ba5e0de52..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Support native SegWit external inputs with non-ownership proof.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.1 b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.1
deleted file mode 100644
index 2cbac75c0..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Implement SLIP-0019 proofs of ownership for native SegWit.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.2 b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.2
deleted file mode 100644
index a7372ecde..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.2
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Implement `serialize` option in SignTx.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.3 b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.3
deleted file mode 100644
index 38d0a16cc..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.3
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Implement SLIP-0025 coinjoin accounts.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.4 b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.4
deleted file mode 100644
index 6146c8b2e..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2718.added.4
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Implement coinjoin signing.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2743.changed b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2743.changed
deleted file mode 100644
index 88dc53d70..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/2743.changed
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Increase 'SignIdentity.challenge_hidden' max_size to 512 bytes
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/noissue.security b/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/noissue.security
deleted file mode 100644
index 7318011cc..000000000
--- a/legacy/firmware/.changelog.d/noissue.security
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Match and validate script type of change-outputs in Bitcoin signing.
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/CHANGELOG.md b/legacy/firmware/CHANGELOG.md
index 97247e77a..0e0439721 100644
--- a/legacy/firmware/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/legacy/firmware/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,7 +4,36 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
 
-## [1.11.2] (17th August 2022)
+## 1.12.1 [15th March 2023]
+
+### Added
+- Support Ledger Live legacy derivation path `m/44'/coin_type'/0'/account`.  [#1749]
+- Show fee rate when replacing transaction.  [#2442]
+- T1 bootloader: verify firmware signatures based on SignMessage, add signature debugging.  [#2568]
+- Allow proposed Casa m/45' multisig paths for Bitcoin and Ethereum.  [#2682]
+- Implement SLIP-0025 coinjoin accounts.  [#2718]
+- Implement `serialize` option in SignTx.  [#2718]
+- Support native SegWit external inputs with non-ownership proof.  [#2718]
+- Implement SLIP-0019 proofs of ownership for native SegWit.  [#2718]
+- Implement coinjoin signing.  [#2718]
+
+### Changed
+- Do not convert bech32 addresses to uppercase in QR code to increase compatibility.  [#2190]
+- Extend decimals of fee rate to 2 digits.  [#2486]
+- Display only sat instead of sat BTC.  [#2487]
+- Increase `SignIdentity.challenge_hidden` max_size to 512 bytes.  [#2743]
+- Included bootloader 1.12.1.
+
+### Fixed
+- Bootloader VTOR and FW handover fix.
+- Show full Stellar address and QR code.  [#1453]
+- Wrap long Ethereum fee to next line if it does not fit.  [#2373]
+
+### Security
+- Match and validate script type of change-outputs in Bitcoin signing.
+
+
+## 1.11.2 [17th August 2022]
 
 ### Added
 - Show the fee rate on the signing confirmation screen.  [#2249]
@@ -522,6 +551,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
 [#1369]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1369
 [#1402]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1402
 [#1415]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1415
+[#1453]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1453
 [#1461]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1461
 [#1491]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1491
 [#1518]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1518
@@ -538,6 +568,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
 [#1705]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1705
 [#1710]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1710
 [#1743]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1743
+[#1749]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1749
 [#1755]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1755
 [#1765]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1765
 [#1767]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/1767
@@ -559,9 +590,19 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
 [#2115]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2115
 [#2144]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2144
 [#2181]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2181
+[#2190]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2190
 [#2239]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2239
 [#2249]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2249
 [#2261]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2261
+[#2289]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2289
+[#2373]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2373
 [#2394]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2394
 [#2422]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2422
 [#2433]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2433
+[#2442]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2442
+[#2486]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2486
+[#2487]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2487
+[#2568]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2568
+[#2682]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2682
+[#2718]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2718
+[#2743]: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/pull/2743
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/Makefile b/legacy/firmware/Makefile
index 75a46b6ec..755b970d5 100644
--- a/legacy/firmware/Makefile
+++ b/legacy/firmware/Makefile
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ OBJS += usb.o
 OBJS += bl_check.o
 OBJS += otp.o
 OBJS += header.o
+OBJS += startup.o
 endif
 
 OBJS += messages.o
@@ -172,9 +173,15 @@ endif
 	@printf "  MAKO    $@\n"
 	$(Q)$(PYTHON) ../vendor/trezor-common/tools/cointool.py render $(MAKO_RENDER_FLAG) $@.mako
 
+ifeq ($(BOOTLOADER_QA), 0)
 bl_data.h: bl_data.py bootloader.dat
-	@printf "  PYTHON  bl_data.py\n"
-	$(Q)$(PYTHON) bl_data.py
+	@printf "  PYTHON  bl_data.py bootloader.dat\n"
+	$(Q)$(PYTHON) bl_data.py bootloader.dat
+else
+bl_data.h: bl_data.py bootloader_qa.dat
+	@printf "  PYTHON  bl_data.py bootloader_qa.dat\n"
+	$(Q)$(PYTHON) bl_data.py bootloader_qa.dat
+endif
 
 header.o: version.h
 
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/bl_check.c b/legacy/firmware/bl_check.c
index eeb5eb225..47a034bee 100644
--- a/legacy/firmware/bl_check.c
+++ b/legacy/firmware/bl_check.c
@@ -26,6 +26,87 @@
 #include "memory.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
+#if BOOTLOADER_QA
+static int known_bootloader(int r, const uint8_t *hash) {
+  if (r != 32) return 0;
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\x1b\xd8\x1c\x0a\x82\x20\x43\x28\xe9\xaf\x7b\xb6\xb1\x6b\x45\x27"
+             "\x81\x31\xcc\x76\x0a\xfa\x9f\xd0\x81\x6e\xc1\xe1\x12\x86\x49\x83",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.3.2
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\x19\x27\x59\xce\x15\x51\xc4\x21\x03\xcc\x9b\xe8\x4e\x06\x54\x24"
+             "\x68\x8a\x06\xfa\xbb\xe6\xb0\x19\x18\x11\xcd\xbc\x19\x6c\x2f\x1b",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.3.3
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\x09\x34\x2f\x51\x56\x58\xc1\xe5\x95\x64\x1c\x4f\x8d\xf1\xce\x2b"
+             "\x2b\x6a\x86\x39\x14\x35\x0a\x97\x0d\x6e\x4f\x37\xb1\xd7\xde\x65",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.4.0
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\x73\x37\xfa\x82\x2b\x62\x90\x50\x49\x3c\x6c\x39\x3a\x9f\x17\x41"
+             "\x75\xe8\x1b\x39\xf3\xb7\x1b\xff\xab\xa2\xb9\x79\x7f\xf1\x0a\x2b",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.5.0
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\x5c\x8b\x5e\xfc\x8d\x8f\x78\xf3\xa0\x23\x9d\x5f\x90\x95\x4d\xe7"
+             "\xe6\xb5\xb7\x09\xc9\x1c\x3a\xb2\xaa\x14\x6f\x0e\x26\x6e\x70\x60",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.5.1
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\xec\xbd\x06\xd3\x37\x25\xd5\xa6\xbe\xba\x2b\xe3\xde\xf4\x64\x7e"
+             "\xef\x5d\x7b\xb9\x2b\x0c\x19\x8d\xd2\x89\x47\x3b\xad\xd3\x4c\x97",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.6.0
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\xec\xca\xff\x24\x34\xdf\x3b\x49\xef\x00\x0c\x0f\x07\x1f\xa5\x60"
+             "\x18\x16\xfa\x19\x56\x0b\x23\xb4\x73\x52\x0e\x68\xc5\x2d\xe5\x7a",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.6.1
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\xe0\xc7\xfd\xb9\x1a\x14\xcb\x39\xd7\xc1\x43\xff\x70\xd2\x3a\x0b"
+             "\xfb\x0a\xef\xb5\x49\xb6\x15\x0a\xa9\x09\xf8\x35\x0a\xa5\xeb\xa2",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.8.0
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\xf9\x9f\x49\xf8\xd0\xc3\xfa\x82\xd6\xad\x1e\xf4\xf2\xf2\xd7\x2d"
+             "\x01\xa5\xdc\xa3\x6f\x11\xba\xb9\x13\xbd\xfe\xaf\x84\xb2\x6f\x4a",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.10.0
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\x8f\x83\x57\x70\x11\x75\xaf\x5c\x1a\xe5\xb9\x6f\x13\x42\x2f\x7f"
+             "\x1a\x52\xed\x96\xcd\xa0\x18\x07\x63\x0e\x0d\x25\x6c\xd9\x18\x78",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.11.0
+  // BEGIN AUTO-GENERATED QA BOOTLOADER ENTRIES (bl_check_qa.txt)
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\x21\xb9\x49\xf4\xf5\xfd\x9f\x3a\x7d\x63\x43\xd1\x07\x6f\x96\x0f"
+             "\xb4\x54\x18\x19\x65\x31\xb9\xf2\x97\x4a\x68\xed\xe8\xdb\x2e\xa1",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.12.0 shipped with fw 1.12.0
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\xb4\xe5\x92\x44\x18\x5c\xe1\xcd\x6c\x8f\x59\x03\x10\x37\x02\x18"
+             "\x50\x9c\x39\x32\x26\xf0\x07\x4b\x8c\xf6\xad\xed\xb3\xcd\x4d\x55",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.12.1 shipped with fw 1.12.1
+  // END AUTO-GENERATED QA BOOTLOADER ENTRIES (bl_check_qa.txt)
+  return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 #if PRODUCTION
 
 static int known_bootloader(int r, const uint8_t *hash) {
@@ -138,6 +219,20 @@ static int known_bootloader(int r, const uint8_t *hash) {
              "\xe4\xc3\x21\x9c\x9f\x1b\xb3\xa5\x77\x2f\xfd\x60\x9a\xf9\xe8\xe2",
              32))
     return 1;  // 1.11.0 shipped with fw 1.11.1
+  // BEGIN AUTO-GENERATED BOOTLOADER ENTRIES (bl_check.txt)
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\xe9\xec\x8f\xa2\xfe\xfa\xd2\xb3\xb6\xb7\xc4\xab\x76\x69\x1a\x33"
+             "\x61\xb3\xee\xfb\x8a\x0d\xda\xa3\x4d\x7e\x45\xb6\x3b\x3d\x56\x64",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.12.0 shipped with fw 1.12.0
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             "\x94\xf1\xc9\x0d\xb2\x8d\xb1\xf8\xce\x5d\xca\x96\x69\x76\x34\x36"
+             "\x58\xf5\xda\xde\xe8\x38\x34\x98\x7c\x8b\x04\x9c\x49\xd1\xed\xd0",
+             32))
+    return 1;  // 1.12.1 shipped with fw 1.12.1
+  // END AUTO-GENERATED BOOTLOADER ENTRIES (bl_check.txt)
   return 0;
 }
 #endif
@@ -149,7 +244,7 @@ static int known_bootloader(int r, const uint8_t *hash) {
  * @param shutdown_on_replace: if true, shuts down device instead of return
  */
 void check_and_replace_bootloader(bool shutdown_on_replace) {
-#if PRODUCTION
+#if PRODUCTION || BOOTLOADER_QA
   uint8_t hash[32] = {0};
   int r = memory_bootloader_hash(hash);
 
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/bl_check.txt b/legacy/firmware/bl_check.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a2f8376eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/firmware/bl_check.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+e9ec8fa2fefad2b3b6b7c4ab76691a3361b3eefb8a0ddaa34d7e45b63b3d5664 1.12.0 shipped with fw 1.12.0
+94f1c90db28db1f8ce5dca966976343658f5dadee83834987c8b049c49d1edd0 1.12.1 shipped with fw 1.12.1
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/bl_check_qa.txt b/legacy/firmware/bl_check_qa.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..994e3def5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/firmware/bl_check_qa.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+21b949f4f5fd9f3a7d6343d1076f960fb45418196531b9f2974a68ede8db2ea1 1.12.0 shipped with fw 1.12.0
+b4e59244185ce1cd6c8f590310370218509c393226f0074b8cf6adedb3cd4d55 1.12.1 shipped with fw 1.12.1
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/bl_data.py b/legacy/firmware/bl_data.py
index 6d0207f2b..6a12d614c 100755
--- a/legacy/firmware/bl_data.py
+++ b/legacy/firmware/bl_data.py
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+import sys
 from hashlib import sha256
 
-fn = "bootloader.dat"
+fn = sys.argv[1]
+
+print("Embedding bootloader", fn)
 
 data = open(fn, "rb").read()
 if len(data) > 32768:
@@ -18,18 +21,19 @@ with open("bl_data.h", "wt") as f:
     f.write(f"static const uint8_t bl_hash[32] = {{{bl_hash}}};\n")
     f.write(f"static const uint8_t bl_data[32768] = {{{bl_data}}};\n")
 
-# make sure the last item listed in known_bootloader function
-# is our bootloader
-with open("bl_check.c", "rt") as f:
-    hashes = []
-    for l in f.readlines():
-        if not len(l) >= 78 or not l.startswith('             "\\x'):
-            continue
-        l = l[14:78]
-        h = ""
-        for i in range(0, len(l), 4):
-            h += l[i + 2 : i + 4]
-        hashes.append(h)
-    check = hashes[-2] + hashes[-1]
-    if check != bh.hex():
-        raise Exception("bootloader hash not listed in bl_check.c")
+if fn != "bootloader_qa.dat":
+    # make sure the last item listed in known_bootloader function
+    # is our bootloader
+    with open("bl_check.c", "rt") as f:
+        hashes = []
+        for l in f.readlines():
+            if not len(l) >= 78 or not l.startswith('             "\\x'):
+                continue
+            l = l[14:78]
+            h = ""
+            for i in range(0, len(l), 4):
+                h += l[i + 2 : i + 4]
+            hashes.append(h)
+        check = hashes[-2] + hashes[-1]
+        if check != bh.hex():
+            raise Exception("bootloader hash not listed in bl_check.c")
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/bootloader.dat b/legacy/firmware/bootloader.dat
index ac9d56f23..cd44dc746 100644
Binary files a/legacy/firmware/bootloader.dat and b/legacy/firmware/bootloader.dat differ
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/bootloader_qa.dat b/legacy/firmware/bootloader_qa.dat
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7bc68ade
Binary files /dev/null and b/legacy/firmware/bootloader_qa.dat differ
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/fsm_msg_common.h b/legacy/firmware/fsm_msg_common.h
index dca921f54..5debd36ea 100644
--- a/legacy/firmware/fsm_msg_common.h
+++ b/legacy/firmware/fsm_msg_common.h
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ bool get_features(Features *resp) {
 #else
   const image_header *hdr =
       (const image_header *)FLASH_PTR(FLASH_FWHEADER_START);
-  // only v3 signatures count as signed
-  if (SIG_OK == signatures_ok(hdr, NULL, true)) {
+  // allow both v2 and v3 signatures
+  if (SIG_OK == signatures_match(hdr, NULL)) {
     strlcpy(resp->fw_vendor, "SatoshiLabs", sizeof(resp->fw_vendor));
   } else {
     strlcpy(resp->fw_vendor, "UNSAFE, DO NOT USE!", sizeof(resp->fw_vendor));
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/header.S b/legacy/firmware/header.S
index 46e4aa375..87a7dba30 100644
--- a/legacy/firmware/header.S
+++ b/legacy/firmware/header.S
@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@ g_header:
     .byte FIX_VERSION_MINOR          // fix_vminor
     .byte FIX_VERSION_PATCH          // fix_vpatch
     .byte 0                          // fix_vbuild
-    . = . + 8                        // reserved
+    .word HW_MODEL                   // type of the designated hardware
+    .byte HW_REVISION                // revision of the designated hardware
+    .byte 0                          // monotonic version placeholder - not used in legacy
+    . = . + 2                        // reserved
     . = . + 512                      // hash1 ... hash16
     . = . + 64                       // sig1
     . = . + 64                       // sig2
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/startup.S b/legacy/firmware/startup.S
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..81264a6ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/firmware/startup.S
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+  .syntax unified
+
+  .text
+
+  .global memset_reg
+  .type memset_reg, STT_FUNC
+memset_reg:
+  // call with the following (note that the arguments are not validated prior to use):
+  // r0 - address of first word to write (inclusive)
+  // r1 - address of first word following the address in r0 to NOT write (exclusive)
+  // r2 - word value to be written
+  // both addresses in r0 and r1 needs to be divisible by 4!
+  .L_loop_begin:
+    str r2, [r0], 4 // store the word in r2 to the address in r0, post-indexed
+    cmp r0, r1
+  bne .L_loop_begin
+  bx lr
+
+  .global reset_handler
+  .type reset_handler, STT_FUNC
+reset_handler:
+
+// We need to perform VTOR setup case an old bootloader (<1.8.0)
+// is starting the new firmware, these will be set incorrectly.
+
+// To make development easier, set only if we are in privileged
+// mode. This resolves annoying combinations of PRODUCTION
+// settings for bootloader and FW.
+// Normally only signed firmware will let bootloader start FW
+// in privileged mode (PRODUCTION=1 variants with signed everything).
+// But with devel bootloader we let FW start in privileged mode
+// and let's do the check if we can set VTOR without fault
+
+  // These two instructions are just for debug testing how unprivileged
+  // FW is handled
+  //mov r0, 1
+  //msr control, r0  // set unprivileged
+
+  ldr sp, =_stack  // setup stack
+
+  // are we privileged? if so, fix VTOR, otherwise skip
+  mrs r3, control
+  and r3, r3, #1
+  cmp r3, #1
+  beq .setup_as_unprivileged
+
+  ldr r0, =0xE000ED08  // r0 = VTOR address
+  ldr r1, =0x08010400  // r1 = FLASH_APP_START
+  str r1, [r0]         // assign
+  dsb
+  isb
+
+  .setup_as_unprivileged:
+  ldr r0, =_ram_start // r0 - point to beginning of SRAM
+  ldr r1, =_ram_end   // r1 - point to byte after the end of SRAM
+  ldr r2, =0          // r2 - the byte-sized value to be written
+  bl memset_reg
+
+  // copy .data section from flash to SRAM
+  ldr r0, =_data          // dst addr
+  ldr r1, =_data_loadaddr // src addr
+  ldr r2, =_data_size     // length in bytes
+  bl memcpy
+
+  // enter the application code
+  bl main
+
+  // shutdown if the application code returns
+  b shutdown
+
+  .global shutdown
+  .type shutdown, STT_FUNC
+shutdown:
+  cpsid f
+  ldr r0, =0
+  mov r1, r0
+  mov r2, r0
+  mov r3, r0
+  mov r4, r0
+  mov r5, r0
+  mov r6, r0
+  mov r7, r0
+  mov r8, r0
+  mov r9, r0
+  mov r10, r0
+  mov r11, r0
+  mov r12, r0
+  ldr lr, =0xffffffff
+  ldr r0, =_ram_start
+  ldr r1, =_ram_end
+  // set to value in r2
+  bl memset_reg
+  b . // loop forever
+
+  .ltorg // dump literal pool (for the ldr ...,=... commands above)
+
+  .global sv_call_handler
+  .type sv_call_handler, STT_FUNC
+
+sv_call_handler:
+  tst lr, #4
+  ite eq
+  mrseq r0, msp
+  mrsne r0, psp
+  b svc_handler_main
+
+  .end
diff --git a/legacy/firmware/version.h b/legacy/firmware/version.h
index d795886c3..77eccd0f5 100644
--- a/legacy/firmware/version.h
+++ b/legacy/firmware/version.h
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@
 #define VERSION_PATCH 2
 
 #define FIX_VERSION_MAJOR 1
-#define FIX_VERSION_MINOR 11
+#define FIX_VERSION_MINOR 12
 #define FIX_VERSION_PATCH 0
diff --git a/legacy/fw_signatures.c b/legacy/fw_signatures.c
index 4317f8b9b..92e0f85cc 100644
--- a/legacy/fw_signatures.c
+++ b/legacy/fw_signatures.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "fw_signatures.h"
 #include "memory.h"
 #include "memzero.h"
+#include "secbool.h"
 #include "secp256k1.h"
 #include "sha2.h"
 
@@ -40,9 +41,10 @@ const uint32_t FIRMWARE_MAGIC_NEW = 0x465a5254;  // TRZF
  *
  * Latest scheme v3 ref: https://github.com/trezor/trezor-firmware/issues/2513
  */
-#define PUBKEYS 5
+#define PUBKEYS_V3 3
+#define PUBKEYS_V2 5
 
-#if DEBUG_T1_SIGNATURES
+#if DEBUG_T1_SIGNATURES || BOOTLOADER_QA
 
 // Make build explode if combining debug sigs with production
 #if PRODUCTION
@@ -54,12 +56,10 @@ const uint32_t FIRMWARE_MAGIC_NEW = 0x465a5254;  // TRZF
 // "table table table table table table table table table table table advance"
 // the "SignMessage"-style public keys, third signing scheme
 // See legacy/debug_signing/README.md
-static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v3[PUBKEYS] = {
+static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v3[PUBKEYS_V3] = {
         (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x73\x08\xe1\x40\x77\x16\x1c\x36\x5d\xea\x0f\x5c\x80\xaa\x6c\x5d\xba\x34\x71\x9e\x82\x5b\xd2\x3a\xe5\xf7\xe7\xd2\x98\x8a\xdb\x0f",
         (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x9c\x1b\x24\x60\xe3\x43\x71\x2e\x98\x2e\x07\x32\xe7\xed\x17\xf6\x0d\xe4\xc9\x33\x06\x5b\x71\x70\xd9\x9c\x6e\x7f\xe7\xcc\x7f\x4b",
         (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x15\x2b\x37\xfd\xf1\x26\x11\x12\x74\xc8\x94\xc3\x48\xdc\xc9\x75\xb5\x7c\x11\x5e\xe2\x4c\xeb\x19\xb5\x19\x0a\xc7\xf7\xb6\x51\x73",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x02\x83\x91\x8a\xbf\x1b\x6e\x1d\x2a\x1d\x08\xea\x29\xc9\xd2\xae\x2e\x97\xe3\xc0\x1f\x4e\xa8\x59\x2b\x08\x8d\x28\x03\x5b\x44\x4e\xd0",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\xc6\x83\x63\x85\x07\x8a\x18\xe8\x1d\x74\x77\x68\x1e\x0d\x30\x86\x66\xf3\x99\x59\x4b\xe9\xe8\xab\xcb\x45\x58\xa6\xe2\x47\x32\xfc"
 };
 
 // the "new", or second signing scheme keys
@@ -68,35 +68,34 @@ static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v3[PUBKEYS] = {
  Debug private keys for v2 (previously called "new") scheme
  corresponding to pubkeys below as python hexstring array:
 
- ['ba7994923c91771ad77c483f7d2b41f5506b82aa900e6f12edeae96c5c9f8f66',
-  '81a825d359da7ec9534e6cf7dd190bdbad62e134265764a5ec3e63317b060a51',
-  '37107a021e50ca3571102691606083f6a8d9cd600e35cd2c8e8f7b87796a045b',
+ ['4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444',
+  '4545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545',
+  'bfc4bca9c9c228a16639d3503d999a733a439210b64cebe757a4fd03ca46a5c8',
   '5518381d95e93e8eb68a294354989906e3828f36b4556a2ad85d8333294eb1b7',
   '1d1d34168760dec092c9ff89377d8659076d2dfd95e0281719c15f90d067e211']
  */
-static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v2[PUBKEYS] = {
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x91\xcd\xaf\x3c\xac\x08\xc2\x71\x2e\xe1\xe8\x8c\xd6\xd3\x46\xeb\x2c\x79\x8f\xda\xf9\x5c\x0e\xb6\xef\xee\xa0\xd7\x01\x4d\xac\x87",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x02\x18\x6f\xf4\xe2\xb0\x8b\xc5\xae\x0e\x21\xa5\x08\xf1\xce\xd4\x8f\xf4\x51\xea\xb7\xd7\x94\xde\xb0\xb7\xcb\xe8\xef\xd7\x29\xab\xa7",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x24\x00\x9f\x0b\x39\x8c\xa1\xc3\x35\xfb\x17\xa1\x02\x1c\x3f\x7f\xb0\x83\x1d\xdb\x28\x34\x8a\x4f\x05\x8b\x14\x9e\xa4\xc5\x89\xa0",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x66\x63\x5d\x99\x94\x17\xb6\x55\x66\x86\x6c\x65\x63\x0d\x97\x7a\x7a\xe7\x23\xfe\x5f\x6c\x4c\xd1\x7f\xa0\x0f\x08\x8b\xa1\x84\xc1",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\xf3\x6c\x7d\x0f\xb6\x15\xad\xa4\x3d\x71\x88\x58\x0f\x15\xeb\xda\x22\xd6\xf6\xb9\xb1\xa9\x2b\xff\x16\xc6\x93\x77\x99\xdc\xbc\x66"
-};
-#else
 
+static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v2[PUBKEYS_V2] = {
+    (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x2c\x0b\x7c\xf9\x53\x24\xa0\x7d\x05\x39\x8b\x24\x01\x74\xdc\x0c\x2b\xe4\x44\xd9\x6b\x15\x9a\xa6\xc7\xf7\xb1\xe6\x68\x68\x09\x91",
+    (const uint8_t *)"\x02\xed\xab\xbd\x16\xb4\x1c\x83\x71\xb9\x2e\xf2\xf0\x4c\x11\x85\xb4\xf0\x3b\x6d\xcd\x52\xba\x9b\x78\xd9\xd7\xc8\x9c\x8f\x22\x11\x45",
+    (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x66\x5f\x66\x0a\x50\x52\xbe\x7a\x95\x54\x6a\x02\x17\x90\x58\xd9\x3d\x3e\x08\xa7\x79\x73\x49\x14\x59\x43\x46\x07\x5b\xb0\xaf\xd4",
+    (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x66\x63\x5d\x99\x94\x17\xb6\x55\x66\x86\x6c\x65\x63\x0d\x97\x7a\x7a\xe7\x23\xfe\x5f\x6c\x4c\xd1\x7f\xa0\x0f\x08\x8b\xa1\x84\xc1",
+    (const uint8_t *)"\x03\xf3\x6c\x7d\x0f\xb6\x15\xad\xa4\x3d\x71\x88\x58\x0f\x15\xeb\xda\x22\xd6\xf6\xb9\xb1\xa9\x2b\xff\x16\xc6\x93\x77\x99\xdc\xbc\x66"
+    };
+
+#else  // DEBUG_T1_SIGNATURES is now 0
 // These public keys are production keys
 // - used in production devices
 
 // the "SignMessage"-style public keys, third signing scheme
-static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v3[PUBKEYS] = {
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x02\xd5\x71\xb7\xf1\x48\xc5\xe4\x23\x2c\x38\x14\xf7\x77\xd8\xfa\xea\xf1\xa8\x42\x16\xc7\x8d\x56\x9b\x71\x04\x1f\xfc\x76\x8a\x5b\x2d",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x63\x27\x9c\x0c\x08\x66\xe5\x0c\x05\xc7\x99\xd3\x2b\xd6\xba\xb0\x18\x8b\x6d\xe0\x65\x36\xd1\x10\x9d\x2e\xd9\xce\x76\xcb\x33\x5c",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x02\x43\xae\xdb\xb6\xf7\xe7\x1c\x56\x3f\x8e\xd2\xef\x64\xec\x99\x81\x48\x25\x19\xe7\xef\x4f\x4a\xa9\x8b\x27\x85\x4e\x8c\x49\x12\x6d",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x02\x87\x7c\x39\xfd\x7c\x62\x23\x7e\x03\x82\x35\xe9\xc0\x75\xda\xb2\x61\x63\x0f\x78\xee\xb8\xed\xb9\x24\x87\x15\x9f\xff\xed\xfd\xf6",
-        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x73\x84\xc5\x1a\xe8\x1a\xdd\x0a\x52\x3a\xdb\xb1\x86\xc9\x1b\x90\x6f\xfb\x64\xc2\xc7\x65\x80\x2b\xf2\x6d\xbd\x13\xbd\xf1\x2c\x31"
+static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v3[PUBKEYS_V3] = {
+        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x23\x00\xc1\xbb\x45\x39\xfc\xbf\xca\x25\x90\xbd\xa3\xdd\x20\x93\x82\x6f\x4a\xe4\x37\xbd\xde\xcc\x1a\x2e\x72\x52\x07\x64\xff\x7a",
+        (const uint8_t *)"\x02\x33\xba\xea\xeb\xc9\x4a\x2a\x3e\x8b\x11\xf3\x9a\x71\x33\xdb\xf4\x27\xbe\x29\x2f\xcb\xce\xb8\x87\xd7\x1e\xf5\x1e\x85\x39\x5a\x19",
+        (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x57\x09\x1f\xa2\x54\xb5\x52\x33\xd0\xbb\x4c\x48\xe1\x06\xc9\x1b\x92\xfd\x07\x88\xeb\xed\x9d\x3a\x91\x67\x19\xf4\x4c\x76\xc0\x15"
 };
 
 // the "new", or second signing scheme keys
-static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v2[PUBKEYS] = {
+static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v2[PUBKEYS_V2] = {
         (const uint8_t *)"\x02\xd5\x71\xb7\xf1\x48\xc5\xe4\x23\x2c\x38\x14\xf7\x77\xd8\xfa\xea\xf1\xa8\x42\x16\xc7\x8d\x56\x9b\x71\x04\x1f\xfc\x76\x8a\x5b\x2d",
         (const uint8_t *)"\x03\x63\x27\x9c\x0c\x08\x66\xe5\x0c\x05\xc7\x99\xd3\x2b\xd6\xba\xb0\x18\x8b\x6d\xe0\x65\x36\xd1\x10\x9d\x2e\xd9\xce\x76\xcb\x33\x5c",
         (const uint8_t *)"\x02\x43\xae\xdb\xb6\xf7\xe7\x1c\x56\x3f\x8e\xd2\xef\x64\xec\x99\x81\x48\x25\x19\xe7\xef\x4f\x4a\xa9\x8b\x27\x85\x4e\x8c\x49\x12\x6d",
@@ -105,8 +104,6 @@ static const uint8_t * const pubkey_v2[PUBKEYS] = {
 };
 #endif
 
-#define SIGNATURES 3
-
 #define FLASH_META_START 0x08008000
 #define FLASH_META_CODELEN (FLASH_META_START + 0x0004)
 #define FLASH_META_SIGINDEX1 (FLASH_META_START + 0x0008)
@@ -171,28 +168,36 @@ bool firmware_present_new(void) {
 }
 
 int signatures_ok(const image_header *hdr, uint8_t store_fingerprint[32],
-                  bool use_verifymessage) {
+                  secbool use_verifymessage) {
   uint8_t hash[32] = {0};
   // which set of public keys depend on scheme
   const uint8_t *const *pubkey_ptr = NULL;
-  if (use_verifymessage) {
+  uint8_t pubkeys = 0;
+  if (use_verifymessage == sectrue) {
     pubkey_ptr = pubkey_v3;
     compute_firmware_fingerprint_for_verifymessage(hdr, hash);
+    pubkeys = PUBKEYS_V3;
   } else {
     pubkey_ptr = pubkey_v2;
     compute_firmware_fingerprint(hdr, hash);
+    pubkeys = PUBKEYS_V2;
   }
 
   if (store_fingerprint) {
     memcpy(store_fingerprint, hash, 32);
   }
 
-  if (hdr->sigindex1 < 1 || hdr->sigindex1 > PUBKEYS)
-    return SIG_FAIL;  // invalid index
-  if (hdr->sigindex2 < 1 || hdr->sigindex2 > PUBKEYS)
+  if (hdr->sigindex1 < 1 || hdr->sigindex1 > pubkeys)
     return SIG_FAIL;  // invalid index
-  if (hdr->sigindex3 < 1 || hdr->sigindex3 > PUBKEYS)
+  if (hdr->sigindex2 < 1 || hdr->sigindex2 > pubkeys)
     return SIG_FAIL;  // invalid index
+  if (use_verifymessage != sectrue) {
+    if (hdr->sigindex3 < 1 || hdr->sigindex3 > pubkeys) {
+      return SIG_FAIL;  // invalid index
+    }
+  } else if (hdr->sigindex3 != 0) {
+    return SIG_FAIL;
+  }
 
   if (hdr->sigindex1 == hdr->sigindex2) return SIG_FAIL;  // duplicate use
   if (hdr->sigindex1 == hdr->sigindex3) return SIG_FAIL;  // duplicate use
@@ -206,9 +211,18 @@ int signatures_ok(const image_header *hdr, uint8_t store_fingerprint[32],
                                hdr->sig2, hash)) {  // failure
     return SIG_FAIL;
   }
-  if (0 != ecdsa_verify_digest(&secp256k1, pubkey_ptr[hdr->sigindex3 - 1],
-                               hdr->sig3, hash)) {  // failure
-    return SIG_FAIL;
+  if (use_verifymessage != sectrue) {
+    if (0 != ecdsa_verify_digest(&secp256k1, pubkey_ptr[hdr->sigindex3 - 1],
+                                 hdr->sig3, hash))  // failure
+    {
+      return SIG_FAIL;
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(hdr->sig3); i++) {
+      if (hdr->sig3[i] != 0) {
+        return SIG_FAIL;
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   return SIG_OK;
@@ -221,8 +235,8 @@ int signatures_match(const image_header *hdr, uint8_t store_fingerprint[32]) {
   // timing side channels.
   // Return only the hash for the v2 computation so that it is
   // the same shown in previous bootloader.
-  result ^= signatures_ok(hdr, store_fingerprint, false);
-  result ^= signatures_ok(hdr, NULL, true);
+  result ^= signatures_ok(hdr, store_fingerprint, secfalse);
+  result ^= signatures_ok(hdr, NULL, sectrue);
   if (result != SIG_OK) {
     return SIG_FAIL;
   }
diff --git a/legacy/fw_signatures.h b/legacy/fw_signatures.h
index ab2a450bf..e9c76f363 100644
--- a/legacy/fw_signatures.h
+++ b/legacy/fw_signatures.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
+#include "secbool.h"
 
 extern const uint32_t FIRMWARE_MAGIC_NEW;  // TRZF
 
@@ -43,7 +44,10 @@ typedef struct {
   uint32_t codelen;
   uint32_t version;
   uint32_t fix_version;
-  uint8_t __reserved1[8];
+  uint32_t hw_model;
+  uint8_t hw_revision;
+  uint8_t monotonic;
+  uint8_t __reserved1[2];
   uint8_t hashes[512];
   uint8_t sig1[64];
   uint8_t sig2[64];
@@ -105,7 +109,7 @@ void compute_firmware_fingerprint_for_verifymessage(const image_header *hdr,
  * @return SIG_OK or SIG_FAIL
  */
 int signatures_ok(const image_header *hdr, uint8_t store_fingerprint[32],
-                  bool use_verifymessage);
+                  secbool use_verifymessage);
 
 /**
  * Check if either v2 or v3 signature of header is valid.
diff --git a/legacy/intermediate_fw/.changelog.d/163.fixed b/legacy/intermediate_fw/.changelog.d/163.fixed
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c21b51ff2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/intermediate_fw/.changelog.d/163.fixed
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Bootloader VTOR and FW handover fix
diff --git a/legacy/intermediate_fw/Makefile b/legacy/intermediate_fw/Makefile
index 2e94591a0..166ddbfb9 100644
--- a/legacy/intermediate_fw/Makefile
+++ b/legacy/intermediate_fw/Makefile
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ NAME  = trezor
 OBJS += trezor.o
 OBJS += header.o
 OBJS += bl_check.o
+OBJS += startup.o
 OBJS += ../vendor/trezor-crypto/memzero.o
 OBJS += ../vendor/trezor-crypto/sha2.o
 
@@ -43,10 +44,15 @@ endif
 	@printf "  MAKO    $@\n"
 	$(Q)$(PYTHON) ../vendor/trezor-common/tools/cointool.py render $(MAKO_RENDER_FLAG) $@.mako
 
+ifeq ($(BOOTLOADER_QA), 0)
 bl_data.h: bl_data.py bootloader.dat
-	@printf "  PYTHON  bl_data.py\n"
-	$(Q)$(PYTHON) bl_data.py
-
+	@printf "  PYTHON  bl_data.py bootloader.dat\n"
+	$(Q)$(PYTHON) bl_data.py bootloader.dat
+else
+bl_data.h: bl_data.py bootloader_qa.dat
+	@printf "  PYTHON  bl_data.py bootloader_qa.dat\n"
+	$(Q)$(PYTHON) bl_data.py bootloader_qa.dat
+endif
 clean::
 	rm -f bl_data.h
 	find -maxdepth 1 -name "*.mako" | sed 's/.mako$$//' | xargs rm -f
diff --git a/legacy/intermediate_fw/bootloader_qa.dat b/legacy/intermediate_fw/bootloader_qa.dat
new file mode 120000
index 000000000..b50597d6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/intermediate_fw/bootloader_qa.dat
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../firmware/bootloader_qa.dat
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/legacy/intermediate_fw/startup.S b/legacy/intermediate_fw/startup.S
new file mode 120000
index 000000000..379dbac45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/intermediate_fw/startup.S
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../firmware/startup.S
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/legacy/intermediate_fw/version.h b/legacy/intermediate_fw/version.h
index 7c7293249..7bf83f3c7 100644
--- a/legacy/intermediate_fw/version.h
+++ b/legacy/intermediate_fw/version.h
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // Matches the bootloader version included in this firmware
 #define VERSION_MAJOR 1
-#define VERSION_MINOR 10
-#define VERSION_PATCH 0
+#define VERSION_MINOR 12
+#define VERSION_PATCH 1
 
 #define FIX_VERSION_MAJOR 1
-#define FIX_VERSION_MINOR 10
+#define FIX_VERSION_MINOR 12
 #define FIX_VERSION_PATCH 0
diff --git a/legacy/memory.c b/legacy/memory.c
index 39cebb3f9..9f66b94ca 100644
--- a/legacy/memory.c
+++ b/legacy/memory.c
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
 
 void memory_protect(void) {
 #if PRODUCTION
+#if BOOTLOADER_QA
+#error BOOTLOADER_QA must be built with PRODUCTION=0
+#endif
   // Reference STM32F205 Flash programming manual revision 5
   // http://www.st.com/resource/en/programming_manual/cd00233952.pdf Section 2.6
   // Option bytes
@@ -73,11 +76,16 @@ void memory_protect(void) {
 // example in STM32F427, where the protection bits are read correctly
 // from OPTION_BYTES and not form FLASH_OPCTR register.
 //
-// Read protection is unaffected and always stays locked to the desired value.
+// Read protection is set to level 2.
 void memory_write_unlock(void) {
+#if PRODUCTION
+#if BOOTLOADER_QA
+#error BOOTLOADER_QA must be built with PRODUCTION=0
+#endif
   flash_unlock_option_bytes();
   flash_program_option_bytes(0x0FFFCCEC);
   flash_lock_option_bytes();
+#endif
 }
 
 int memory_bootloader_hash(uint8_t *hash) {
diff --git a/legacy/script/update_bootloader.py b/legacy/script/update_bootloader.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..14b281430
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy/script/update_bootloader.py
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing as t
+from hashlib import sha256
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import click
+
+LEGACY_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent.parent.resolve()
+
+BOOTLOADER_BUILT = LEGACY_ROOT / "bootloader" / "bootloader.bin"
+BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = LEGACY_ROOT / "firmware" / "bootloader.dat"
+BOOTLOADER_QA_IMAGE = LEGACY_ROOT / "firmware" / "bootloader_qa.dat"
+
+BOOTLOADER_VERSION = LEGACY_ROOT / "bootloader" / "version.h"
+FIRMWARE_VERSION = LEGACY_ROOT / "firmware" / "version.h"
+
+BL_CHECK_C = LEGACY_ROOT / "firmware" / "bl_check.c"
+BL_CHECK_TXT = LEGACY_ROOT / "firmware" / "bl_check.txt"
+BL_CHECK_QA_TXT = LEGACY_ROOT / "firmware" / "bl_check_qa.txt"
+
+BL_CHECK_PATTERN = """\
+  if (0 ==
+      memcmp(hash,
+             {line1}
+             {line2},
+             32))
+    return 1;  // {comment}
+"""
+
+BL_CHECK_AUTO_BEGIN = "  // BEGIN AUTO-GENERATED BOOTLOADER ENTRIES (bl_check.txt)\n"
+BL_CHECK_AUTO_END = "  // END AUTO-GENERATED BOOTLOADER ENTRIES (bl_check.txt)\n"
+
+BL_CHECK_AUTO_QA_BEGIN = (
+    "  // BEGIN AUTO-GENERATED QA BOOTLOADER ENTRIES (bl_check_qa.txt)\n"
+)
+BL_CHECK_AUTO_QA_END = (
+    "  // END AUTO-GENERATED QA BOOTLOADER ENTRIES (bl_check_qa.txt)\n"
+)
+
+
+def cstrify(data: bytes) -> str:
+    """Convert bytes to C string literal.
+
+    >>> cstrify(b"foo")
+    '"\\x66\\x6f\\x6f"'
+    """
+    return '"' + "".join(rf"\x{b:02x}" for b in data) + '"'
+
+
+def load_version(filename: Path) -> str:
+    """Load version from version.h"""
+    vdict = {}
+    with open(filename) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            if line.startswith("#define VERSION_"):
+                _define, symbol, value = line.split()
+                _, name = symbol.lower().split("_", maxsplit=1)
+                vdict[name] = int(value)
+
+    return "{major}.{minor}.{patch}".format(**vdict)
+
+
+def load_hash_entries(txt_file) -> dict[bytes, str]:
+    """Load hash entries from bl_check.txt"""
+    return {
+        bytes.fromhex(digest): comment
+        for digest, comment in (
+            line.split(" ", maxsplit=1) for line in txt_file.read_text().splitlines()
+        )
+    }
+
+
+def regenerate_bl_check(
+    hash_entries: t.Iterable[tuple[bytes, str]],
+    begin,
+    end,
+) -> None:
+    """Regenerate bl_check.c with given hash entries."""
+    bl_check_new = []
+    with open(BL_CHECK_C) as f:
+        # read up to AUTO-BEGIN
+        for line in f:
+            bl_check_new.append(line)
+            if line == begin:
+                break
+
+        # generate new sections
+        for digest, comment in hash_entries:
+            bl_check_new.append(
+                BL_CHECK_PATTERN.format(
+                    line1=cstrify(digest[:16]),
+                    line2=cstrify(digest[16:]),
+                    comment=comment,
+                )
+            )
+
+        # consume up to AUTO-END
+        for line in f:
+            if line == end:
+                bl_check_new.append(line)
+                break
+
+        # add rest of the file contents
+        bl_check_new.extend(f)
+
+    BL_CHECK_C.write_text("".join(bl_check_new))
+
+
+@click.command()
+@click.option("-c", "--comment", help="Comment for the hash entry.")
+@click.option(
+    "--qa",
+    is_flag=True,
+    show_default=True,
+    default=False,
+    help="Install as QA bootloader.",
+)
+def main(comment: str | None, qa: bool) -> None:
+    """Insert a new bootloader image.
+
+    Takes bootloader/boootloader.dat, copies over firmware/bootloader.dat, and adds
+    an entry to firmware/bl_check.txt and bl_check.c
+    """
+    bl_bytes = BOOTLOADER_BUILT.read_bytes()
+    digest = sha256(sha256(bl_bytes).digest()).digest()
+    click.echo("Bootloader digest: " + digest.hex())
+
+    txt_file = BL_CHECK_QA_TXT if qa else BL_CHECK_TXT
+    begin = BL_CHECK_AUTO_QA_BEGIN if qa else BL_CHECK_AUTO_BEGIN
+    end = BL_CHECK_AUTO_QA_END if qa else BL_CHECK_AUTO_END
+    image = BOOTLOADER_QA_IMAGE if qa else BOOTLOADER_IMAGE
+
+    entries = load_hash_entries(txt_file)
+    if digest in entries:
+        click.echo("Bootloader already in bl_check.txt: " + entries[digest])
+
+    else:
+        if comment is None:
+            bl_version = load_version(BOOTLOADER_VERSION)
+            fw_version = load_version(FIRMWARE_VERSION)
+            comment = f"{bl_version} shipped with fw {fw_version}"
+
+        # insert new bootloader
+        with open(txt_file, "a") as f:
+            f.write(f"{digest.hex()} {comment}\n")
+
+        entries[digest] = comment
+        click.echo("Inserted new entry: " + comment)
+
+    # rewrite bl_check.c
+    regenerate_bl_check(entries.items(), begin, end)
+    click.echo("Regenerated bl_check.c")
+
+    # overwrite bootloader.dat
+    image.write_bytes(bl_bytes)
+
+    if qa:
+        click.echo("Installed bootloader_qa.dat into firmware")
+    else:
+        click.echo("Installed bootloader.dat into firmware")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/legacy/setup.c b/legacy/setup.c
index 21ad3c37d..1537c3fb1 100644
--- a/legacy/setup.c
+++ b/legacy/setup.c
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ void mpu_config_bootloader(void) {
 
 // Never use in bootloader! Disables access to PPB (including MPU, NVIC, SCB)
 void mpu_config_firmware(void) {
-#if PRODUCTION
+#if PRODUCTION || BOOTLOADER_QA
   // Disable MPU
   MPU_CTRL = 0;
 
diff --git a/legacy/util.h b/legacy/util.h
index 9ecb05936..d0b31c7ef 100644
--- a/legacy/util.h
+++ b/legacy/util.h
@@ -80,7 +80,11 @@ jump_to_firmware(const vector_table_t *ivt, int trust) {
   } else {  // untrusted firmware
     timer_init();
     mpu_config_firmware();  // * configure MPU for the firmware
-    __asm__ volatile("msr msp, %0" ::"r"(_stack));
+
+    // Setup stack in unprivileged mode (MSR works only for privileged)
+    // This syntax will use _stack as immediate value to put into SP
+    // instead of dereferencing it
+    __asm__ volatile("mov sp, %[input]" ::[input] "r"(&_stack));
   }
 
   // Jump to address
diff --git a/tools/bump-version.py b/tools/bump-version.py
index cfd974a74..230ff02b9 100755
--- a/tools/bump-version.py
+++ b/tools/bump-version.py
@@ -88,9 +88,6 @@ def cli(project, version):
             VERSION_MAJOR=major,
             VERSION_MINOR=minor,
             VERSION_PATCH=patch,
-            VERSION_MAJOR_CHAR=hex_lit(major),
-            VERSION_MINOR_CHAR=hex_lit(minor),
-            VERSION_PATCH_CHAR=hex_lit(patch),
         )
     else:
         raise click.ClickException(f"Unknown project {project}.")
diff --git a/tools/towncrier.template.md b/tools/towncrier.template.md
index 2a5c58a02..834012add 100644
--- a/tools/towncrier.template.md
+++ b/tools/towncrier.template.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-## [{{ versiondata.version }}] ({{versiondata.date}})
+## {{ versiondata.version }} [{{versiondata.date}}]
 {% for section, _ in sections.items() %}
 {% if section %}{{section}}{% endif -%}
 {% if sections[section] %}