This is the end of the first part about Linux kernel insides. If you have questions or suggestions, ping me in twitter [0xAX](https://twitter.com/0xAX), drop me [email](anotherworldofworld@gmail.com) or just create [issue](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals/issues/new). In the next part we will see first C code which executes in Linux kernel setup, implementation of memory routines as `memset`, `memcpy`, `earlyprintk` implementation and early console initialization and many more.
**Please note that English is not my first language and I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you found any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals).**
**Please note that English is not my first language and I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals).**
@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ This is the end of the second part about Linux kernel insides. In the next part
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you found any mistakes please send me a PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me a PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals).**
@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ This is the end of the fourth part linux kernel booting process. If you have que
In the next part we will see kernel decompression and many more.
**Please note that English is not my first language and I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you found any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals).**
**Please note that English is not my first language and I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals).**
@ -461,9 +461,9 @@ This is the end of the fifth and the last part about linux kernel booting proces
Next chapter will be about kernel initialization and we will see the first steps in the linux kernel initialization code.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me in [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me in [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-internals).**
It is the end of the tenth part about the linux kernel [initialization process](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/Initialization/index.html). And it is not only `tenth` part, but this is the last part which describes initialization of the linux kernel. As I wrote in the first [part](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/Initialization/linux-initialization-1.html) of this chapter, we will go through all steps of the kernel initialization and we did it. We started at the first architecture-independent function - `start_kernel` and finished with the launch of the first `init` process in the our system. I missed details about different subsystem of the kernel, for example I almost did not cover linux kernel scheduler or we did not see almost anything about interrupts and exceptions handling and etc... From the next part we will start to dive to the different kernel subsystems. Hope it will be interesting.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ It is the end of the third part about linux kernel insides. In next part we will
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the fourth part about the Linux kernel initialization process. We started to dive in the kernel generic code from the `start_kernel` function in this part and stopped on the architecture-specific initializations in the `setup_arch`. In the next part we will continue with architecture-dependent initialization steps.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me a PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me a PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the fifth part about linux kernel initialization process. In this part we continued to dive in the `setup_arch` function which makes initialization of architecutre-specific stuff. It was long part, but we not finished with it. As i already wrote, the `setup_arch` is big function, and I am really not sure that we will cover full of it even in the next part. There were some new interesting concepts in this part like `Fix-mapped` addresses, ioremap and etc... Don't worry if they are unclear for you. There is special part about these concepts - [Linux kernel memory management Part 2.](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides/blob/master/mm/linux-mm-2.md). In the next part we will continue with the initialization of the architecture-specific stuff and will see parsing of the early kernel parameteres, early dump of the pci devices, direct Media Interface scanning and many many more.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the sixth part about linux kernel initialization process. In this part we continued to dive in the `setup_arch` function again It was long part, but we not finished with it. Yes, `setup_arch` is big, hope that next part will be last about this function.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the seventh part about the linux kernel initialization process. In this part, finally we have finsihed with the `setup_arch` function and returned to the `start_kernel` function. In the next part we will continue to learn generic kernel code from the `start_kernel` and will continue our way to the first `init` process.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
@ -456,9 +456,9 @@ It is the end of the eighth part about the linux kernel initialization process.
and other initialization stuff in the next part.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the ninth part about the linux kernel [initialization process](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/Initialization/index.html). In this part, we looked on the initialization process of the `RCU` subsystem. In the next part we will continue to dive into linux kernel initialization process and I hope that we will finish with the `start_kernel` function and will go to the `rest_init` function from the same [init/main.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/init/main.c) source code file and will see that start of the first process.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the first part about interrupts and interrupt handling in the Linux kernel. We saw some theory and the first steps of the initialization of stuff related to interrupts and exceptions. In the next part we will continue to dive into interrupts and interrupts handling - into the more practical aspects of it.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me a PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me a PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the tenth part of the [Interrupts and Interrupt Handling](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/interrupts/index.html) chapter and as you have read in the beginning of this part - it is the last part of this chapter. This chapter started from the explanation of the theory of interrupts and we have learned what is it interrupt and kinds of interrupts, then we saw exceptions and handling of this kind of interrupts, deferred interrupts and finally we looked on the hardware interrupts and thanlding of their in this part. Of course, this part and even this chapter does not cover full aspects of interrupts and interrupt handling in the Linux kernel. It is not realistic to do this. At least for me. It was the big part, I don't know how about you, but it was really big for me. This theme is much bigger than this chapter and I am not sure that somewhere there is a book that covers it. We have missed many part and aspects of interrupts and interrupt handling, but I think it will be good point to dive in the kernel code related to the interrupts and interrupts handling.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the second part about interrupts and interrupt handling in the Linux kernel. We saw the some theory in the previous part and started to dive into interrupts and exceptions handling in the current part. We have started from the earliest parts in the Linux kernel source code which are related to the interrupts. In the next part we will continue to dive into this interesting theme and will know more about interrupt handling process.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the third part about interrupts and interrupt handling in the Linux kernel. We saw the initialization of the [Interrupt descriptor table](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrupt_descriptor_table) in the previous part with the `#DB` and `#BP` gates and started to dive into preparation before control will be transfered to an exception handler and implementation of some interrupt handlers in this part. In the next part we will continue to dive into this theme and will go next by the `setup_arch` function and will try to understand interrupts handling related stuff.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the fourth part about interrupts and interrupt handling in the Linux kernel. We saw the initialization of the [Task State Segment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_state_segment) in this part and initialization of the different interrupt handlers as `Divide Error`, `Page Fault` excetpion and etc. You can noted that we saw just initialization stuf, and will dive into details about handlers for these exceptions. In the next part we will start to do it.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the fifth part of the [Interrupts and Interrupt Handling](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/interrupts/index.html) chapter and we saw implementation of some interrupt handlers in this part. In the next part we will continue to dive into interrupt and exception handlers and will see handler for the [Non-Maskable Interrupts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-maskable_interrupt), handling of the math [coprocessor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coprocessor) and [SIMD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMD) coprocessor exceptions and many many more.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the sixth part of the [Interrupts and Interrupt Handling](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/interrupts/index.html) chapter and we saw implementation of some exception handlers in this part, like `non-maskable` interrupt, [SIMD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMD) and [x87 FPU](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X87) floating point exception. Finally we have finsihed with the `trap_init` function in this part and will go ahead in the next part. The next our point is the external interrupts and the `early_irq_init` function from the [init/main.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/init/main.c).
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
It is the end of the seventh part of the [Interrupts and Interrupt Handling](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/interrupts/index.html) chapter and we started to dive into external hardware interrupts in this part. We saw early initialization of the `irq_desc` structure which represents description of an external interrupt and contains information about it like list of irq actions, information about interrupt handler, interrupts's owner, count of the unhandled interrupt and etc. In the next part we will continue to research external interrupts.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
@ -513,9 +513,9 @@ It is the end of the eighth part of the [Interrupts and Interrupt Handling](http
In the next part we will continue to learn interrupts handling related stuff and will see initialization of the `softirqs`.
If you will have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
If you have any questions or suggestions write me a comment or ping me at [twitter](https://twitter.com/0xAX).
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you will find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
**Please note that English is not my first language, And I am really sorry for any inconvenience. If you find any mistakes please send me PR to [linux-insides](https://github.com/0xAX/linux-insides).**
zhaoxiaoqiang
8 years ago