2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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---
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controls:
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version: "cis-1.9"
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id: 5
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text: "Kubernetes Policies"
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type: "policies"
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groups:
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- id: 5.1
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text: "RBAC and Service Accounts"
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checks:
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- id: 5.1.1
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text: "Ensure that the cluster-admin role is only used where required (Automated)"
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audit: |
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kubectl get clusterrolebindings -o=custom-columns=NAME:.metadata.name,ROLE:.roleRef.name,SUBJECT:.subjects[*].name --no-headers | while read -r role_name role_binding subject
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do
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if [[ "${role_name}" != "cluster-admin" && "${role_binding}" == "cluster-admin" ]]; then
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is_compliant="false"
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else
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is_compliant="true"
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fi;
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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echo "**role_name: ${role_name} role_binding: ${role_binding} subject: ${subject} is_compliant: ${is_compliant}"
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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done
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use_multiple_values: true
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tests:
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test_items:
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- flag: "is_compliant"
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compare:
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op: eq
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value: true
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remediation: |
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Identify all clusterrolebindings to the cluster-admin role. Check if they are used and
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if they need this role or if they could use a role with fewer privileges.
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Where possible, first bind users to a lower privileged role and then remove the
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clusterrolebinding to the cluster-admin role : kubectl delete clusterrolebinding [name]
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Condition: is_compliant is false if rolename is not cluster-admin and rolebinding is cluster-admin.
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scored: true
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.2
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text: "Minimize access to secrets (Automated)"
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audit: "echo \"canGetListWatchSecretsAsSystemAuthenticated: $(kubectl auth can-i get,list,watch secrets --all-namespaces --as=system:authenticated)\""
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tests:
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test_items:
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- flag: "canGetListWatchSecretsAsSystemAuthenticated"
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compare:
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op: eq
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value: no
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remediation: |
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Where possible, remove get, list and watch access to Secret objects in the cluster.
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scored: true
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.3
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text: "Minimize wildcard use in Roles and ClusterRoles (Automated)"
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audit: |
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# Check Roles
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kubectl get roles --all-namespaces -o custom-columns=ROLE_NAMESPACE:.metadata.namespace,ROLE_NAME:.metadata.name --no-headers | while read -r role_namespace role_name
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do
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role_rules=$(kubectl get role -n "${role_namespace}" "${role_name}" -o=json | jq -c '.rules')
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if echo "${role_rules}" | grep -q "\[\"\*\"\]"; then
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role_is_compliant="false"
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else
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role_is_compliant="true"
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fi;
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echo "**role_name: ${role_name} role_namespace: ${role_namespace} role_rules: ${role_rules} role_is_compliant: ${role_is_compliant}"
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done
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# Check ClusterRoles
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kubectl get clusterroles -o custom-columns=CLUSTERROLE_NAME:.metadata.name --no-headers | while read -r clusterrole_name
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do
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clusterrole_rules=$(kubectl get clusterrole "${clusterrole_name}" -o=json | jq -c '.rules')
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if echo "${clusterrole_rules}" | grep -q "\[\"\*\"\]"; then
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clusterrole_is_compliant="false"
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else
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clusterrole_is_compliant="true"
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fi;
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echo "**clusterrole_name: ${clusterrole_name} clusterrole_rules: ${clusterrole_rules} clusterrole_is_compliant: ${clusterrole_is_compliant}"
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done
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use_multiple_values: true
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tests:
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bin_op: or
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test_items:
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- flag: "role_is_compliant"
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compare:
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op: eq
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value: true
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set: true
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- flag: "clusterrole_is_compliant"
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compare:
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op: eq
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value: true
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set: true
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remediation: |
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Where possible replace any use of wildcards ["*"] in roles and clusterroles with specific
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objects or actions.
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Condition: role_is_compliant is false if ["*"] is found in rules.
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Condition: clusterrole_is_compliant is false if ["*"] is found in rules.
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scored: true
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.4
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text: "Minimize access to create pods (Automated)"
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audit: |
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echo "canCreatePodsAsSystemAuthenticated: $(kubectl auth can-i create pods --all-namespaces --as=system:authenticated)"
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tests:
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test_items:
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- flag: "canCreatePodsAsSystemAuthenticated"
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compare:
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op: eq
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value: no
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remediation: |
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Where possible, remove create access to pod objects in the cluster.
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scored: true
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- id: 5.1.5
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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text: "Ensure that default service accounts are not actively used (Automated)"
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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audit: |
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kubectl get serviceaccount --all-namespaces --field-selector metadata.name=default -o=json | jq -r '.items[] | " namespace: \(.metadata.namespace), kind: \(.kind), name: \(.metadata.name), automountServiceAccountToken: \(.automountServiceAccountToken | if . == null then "notset" else . end )"' | xargs -L 1
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use_multiple_values: true
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tests:
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test_items:
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- flag: "automountServiceAccountToken"
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compare:
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op: eq
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value: false
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set: true
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remediation: |
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Create explicit service accounts wherever a Kubernetes workload requires specific access
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to the Kubernetes API server.
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Modify the configuration of each default service account to include this value
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`automountServiceAccountToken: false`.
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scored: true
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.6
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text: "Ensure that Service Account Tokens are only mounted where necessary (Automated)"
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audit: |
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kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o custom-columns=POD_NAMESPACE:.metadata.namespace,POD_NAME:.metadata.name,POD_SERVICE_ACCOUNT:.spec.serviceAccount,POD_IS_AUTOMOUNTSERVICEACCOUNTTOKEN:.spec.automountServiceAccountToken --no-headers | while read -r pod_namespace pod_name pod_service_account pod_is_automountserviceaccounttoken
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do
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# Retrieve automountServiceAccountToken's value for ServiceAccount and Pod, set to notset if null or <none>.
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2024-10-01 05:48:02 +00:00
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svacc_is_automountserviceaccounttoken=$(kubectl get serviceaccount -n "${pod_namespace}" "${pod_service_account}" -o json | jq -r '.automountServiceAccountToken' | sed -e 's/<none>/notset/g' -e 's/null/notset/g')
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pod_is_automountserviceaccounttoken=$(echo "${pod_is_automountserviceaccounttoken}" | sed -e 's/<none>/notset/g' -e 's/null/notset/g')
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if [ "${svacc_is_automountserviceaccounttoken}" = "false" ] && ( [ "${pod_is_automountserviceaccounttoken}" = "false" ] || [ "${pod_is_automountserviceaccounttoken}" = "notset" ] ); then
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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is_compliant="true"
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2024-10-01 05:48:02 +00:00
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elif [ "${svacc_is_automountserviceaccounttoken}" = "true" ] && [ "${pod_is_automountserviceaccounttoken}" = "false" ]; then
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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is_compliant="true"
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else
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is_compliant="false"
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fi
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echo "**namespace: ${pod_namespace} pod_name: ${pod_name} service_account: ${pod_service_account} pod_is_automountserviceaccounttoken: ${pod_is_automountserviceaccounttoken} svacc_is_automountServiceAccountToken: ${svacc_is_automountserviceaccounttoken} is_compliant: ${is_compliant}"
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done
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use_multiple_values: true
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tests:
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test_items:
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- flag: "is_compliant"
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compare:
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op: eq
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value: true
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remediation: |
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Modify the definition of ServiceAccounts and Pods which do not need to mount service
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account tokens to disable it, with `automountServiceAccountToken: false`.
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If both the ServiceAccount and the Pod's .spec specify a value for automountServiceAccountToken, the Pod spec takes precedence.
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Condition: Pod is_compliant to true when
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- ServiceAccount is automountServiceAccountToken: false and Pod is automountServiceAccountToken: false or notset
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- ServiceAccount is automountServiceAccountToken: true notset and Pod is automountServiceAccountToken: false
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scored: true
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.7
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text: "Avoid use of system:masters group (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Remove the system:masters group from all users in the cluster.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.8
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text: "Limit use of the Bind, Impersonate and Escalate permissions in the Kubernetes cluster (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Where possible, remove the impersonate, bind and escalate rights from subjects.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.9
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text: "Minimize access to create persistent volumes (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Where possible, remove create access to PersistentVolume objects in the cluster.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.10
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text: "Minimize access to the proxy sub-resource of nodes (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Where possible, remove access to the proxy sub-resource of node objects.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.11
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text: "Minimize access to the approval sub-resource of certificatesigningrequests objects (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Where possible, remove access to the approval sub-resource of certificatesigningrequest objects.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.12
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text: "Minimize access to webhook configuration objects (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Where possible, remove access to the validatingwebhookconfigurations or mutatingwebhookconfigurations objects
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.1.13
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text: "Minimize access to the service account token creation (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Where possible, remove access to the token sub-resource of serviceaccount objects.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2
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text: "Pod Security Standards"
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checks:
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- id: 5.2.1
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text: "Ensure that the cluster has at least one active policy control mechanism in place (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Ensure that either Pod Security Admission or an external policy control system is in place
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for every namespace which contains user workloads.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2.2
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text: "Minimize the admission of privileged containers (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
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admission of privileged containers.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2.3
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text: "Minimize the admission of containers wishing to share the host process ID namespace (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
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admission of `hostPID` containers.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2.4
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text: "Minimize the admission of containers wishing to share the host IPC namespace (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
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admission of `hostIPC` containers.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2.5
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text: "Minimize the admission of containers wishing to share the host network namespace (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
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admission of `hostNetwork` containers.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2.6
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text: "Minimize the admission of containers with allowPrivilegeEscalation (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
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admission of containers with `.spec.allowPrivilegeEscalation` set to `true`.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2.7
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text: "Minimize the admission of root containers (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Create a policy for each namespace in the cluster, ensuring that either `MustRunAsNonRoot`
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or `MustRunAs` with the range of UIDs not including 0, is set.
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scored: false
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2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2.8
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text: "Minimize the admission of containers with the NET_RAW capability (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
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Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
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admission of containers with the `NET_RAW` capability.
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scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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- id: 5.2.9
|
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text: "Minimize the admission of containers with added capabilities (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
|
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|
|
Ensure that `allowedCapabilities` is not present in policies for the cluster unless
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it is set to an empty array.
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scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
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- id: 5.2.10
|
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text: "Minimize the admission of containers with capabilities assigned (Manual)"
|
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type: "manual"
|
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remediation: |
|
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|
|
|
Review the use of capabilites in applications running on your cluster. Where a namespace
|
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|
contains applicaions which do not require any Linux capabities to operate consider adding
|
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a PSP which forbids the admission of containers which do not drop all capabilities.
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scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
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2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
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|
|
- id: 5.2.11
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text: "Minimize the admission of Windows HostProcess containers (Manual)"
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type: "manual"
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remediation: |
|
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|
|
|
Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
|
|
|
|
|
admission of containers that have `.securityContext.windowsOptions.hostProcess` set to `true`.
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|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
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|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.2.12
|
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|
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text: "Minimize the admission of HostPath volumes (Manual)"
|
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|
|
type: "manual"
|
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|
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|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
|
|
|
|
|
admission of containers with `hostPath` volumes.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.2.13
|
|
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|
|
text: "Minimize the admission of containers which use HostPorts (Manual)"
|
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|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Add policies to each namespace in the cluster which has user workloads to restrict the
|
|
|
|
|
admission of containers which use `hostPort` sections.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.3
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Network Policies and CNI"
|
|
|
|
|
checks:
|
|
|
|
|
- id: 5.3.1
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Ensure that the CNI in use supports NetworkPolicies (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
If the CNI plugin in use does not support network policies, consideration should be given to
|
|
|
|
|
making use of a different plugin, or finding an alternate mechanism for restricting traffic
|
|
|
|
|
in the Kubernetes cluster.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.3.2
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Ensure that all Namespaces have NetworkPolicies defined (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Follow the documentation and create NetworkPolicy objects as you need them.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.4
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Secrets Management"
|
|
|
|
|
checks:
|
|
|
|
|
- id: 5.4.1
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Prefer using Secrets as files over Secrets as environment variables (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
If possible, rewrite application code to read Secrets from mounted secret files, rather than
|
|
|
|
|
from environment variables.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.4.2
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Consider external secret storage (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Refer to the Secrets management options offered by your cloud provider or a third-party
|
|
|
|
|
secrets management solution.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.5
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Extensible Admission Control"
|
|
|
|
|
checks:
|
|
|
|
|
- id: 5.5.1
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Configure Image Provenance using ImagePolicyWebhook admission controller (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Follow the Kubernetes documentation and setup image provenance.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.7
|
|
|
|
|
text: "General Policies"
|
|
|
|
|
checks:
|
|
|
|
|
- id: 5.7.1
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Create administrative boundaries between resources using namespaces (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Follow the documentation and create namespaces for objects in your deployment as you need
|
|
|
|
|
them.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.7.2
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Ensure that the seccomp profile is set to docker/default in your Pod definitions (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Use `securityContext` to enable the docker/default seccomp profile in your pod definitions.
|
|
|
|
|
An example is as below:
|
|
|
|
|
securityContext:
|
|
|
|
|
seccompProfile:
|
|
|
|
|
type: RuntimeDefault
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.7.3
|
|
|
|
|
text: "Apply SecurityContext to your Pods and Containers (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Follow the Kubernetes documentation and apply SecurityContexts to your Pods. For a
|
|
|
|
|
suggested list of SecurityContexts, you may refer to the CIS Security Benchmark for Docker
|
|
|
|
|
Containers.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
2024-09-30 03:54:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2024-06-26 12:53:57 +00:00
|
|
|
- id: 5.7.4
|
|
|
|
|
text: "The default namespace should not be used (Manual)"
|
|
|
|
|
type: "manual"
|
|
|
|
|
remediation: |
|
|
|
|
|
Ensure that namespaces are created to allow for appropriate segregation of Kubernetes
|
|
|
|
|
resources and that all new resources are created in a specific namespace.
|
|
|
|
|
scored: false
|
