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refactoring * ical4j-vcard instead of ez-vcard * removed Guava dependencies in favor of Apache Commons IO
2013-10-05 23:55:44 +00:00
Network Working Group S. Perreault
Internet-Draft Viagenie
Obsoletes: 2425, 2426, 4770 P. Resnick
(if approved) QUALCOMM Incorporated
Updates: 2739 (if approved) November 3, 2008
Intended status: Standards Track
Expires: May 7, 2009
vCard Format Specification
draft-ietf-vcarddav-vcardrev-05
Status of This Memo
By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
This Internet-Draft will expire on May 7, 2009.
Abstract
This document defines the vCard data format for representing and
exchanging a variety of information about an individual (e.g.,
formatted and structured name and delivery addresses, email address,
multiple telephone numbers, photograph, logo, audio clips, etc.).
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
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3. MIME Type Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. vCard Format Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.1. Line Delimiting and Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.2. ABNF Format Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. Property Value Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.1. TEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.2. URI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.3. DATE, TIME, and DATE-TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.4. BOOLEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.5. INTEGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.6. FLOAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.7. BINARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.8. UTC-OFFSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6. Property Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.1. LANGUAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.2. ENCODING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.3. VALUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.4. PID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6.5. TYPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7. vCard Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7.1. General Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7.1.1. BEGIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7.1.2. END . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7.1.3. SOURCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7.1.4. NAME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.1.5. KIND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.2. Identification Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7.2.1. FN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7.2.2. N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7.2.3. NICKNAME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.2.4. PHOTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.2.5. BDAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.2.6. DDAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.2.7. BIRTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.2.8. DEATH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.2.9. GENDER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.3. Delivery Addressing Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.3.1. ADR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.3.2. LABEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.4. Communications Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.4.1. TEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.4.2. EMAIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.4.3. IMPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.4.4. LANG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.5. Geographical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.5.1. TZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.5.2. GEO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7.6. Organizational Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
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7.6.1. TITLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7.6.2. ROLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7.6.3. LOGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7.6.4. ORG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.6.5. MEMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.6.6. RELATED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.7. Explanatory Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.7.1. CATEGORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.7.2. NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.7.3. PRODID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.7.4. REV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.7.5. SORT-STRING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.7.6. SOUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7.7.7. UID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.7.8. URL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.7.9. VERSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.8. Security Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7.8.1. CLASS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7.8.2. KEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.9. Calendar Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.9.1. FBURL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.9.2. CALADRURI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
7.9.3. CALURI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
7.10. Extended Properties and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
8. Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
8.1. Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
8.2. Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
9. Formal Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
10. Example: Authors' vCards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
11. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
12. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
12.1. Registering New vCard Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
12.1.1. Registration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
12.1.2. Vendor Namespace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
12.1.3. Registration Template for Groups . . . . . . . . . . . 52
12.1.4. Registration Template for Properties . . . . . . . . . 52
12.1.5. Registration Template for Parameters . . . . . . . . . 53
12.1.6. Registration Template for Value Data Types . . . . . . 53
12.1.7. Registration Template for Values . . . . . . . . . . . 54
12.2. Initial vCard Elements Registries . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
12.2.1. Groups Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
12.2.2. Properties Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
12.2.3. Parameters Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
12.2.4. Value Data Types Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
12.2.5. Values Registries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
13. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
14. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
14.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
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14.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Appendix A. Differences from RFCs 2425 and 2426 . . . . . . . . . 62
A.1. New Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
A.2. Removed Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
A.3. New Properties and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
A.4. Other Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Appendix B. Change Log (to be removed by RFC Editor prior to
publication) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
B.1. Changes in -05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
B.2. Changes in -04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
B.3. Changes in -03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
B.4. Changes in -02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
B.5. Changes in -01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
B.6. Changes in -00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
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1. Introduction
Note: This draft contains much of the same text as 2425 and 2426
which may not be correct. Those two RFCs have been merged and the
structure of this draft is what's new. Some vCard-specific
suggestions have been added, but for the most part this is still very
open. But we'd like to get feedback on the structure mostly so that
it may be fixed.
Electronic address books have become ubiquitous. Their increased
presense on portable, connected devices as well as the diversity of
platforms exchanging contact data call for a standard. This memo
defines the vCard format, which allows the capture and exchange of
information normally stored within an address book or directory
application.
2. Conventions
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
3. MIME Type Registration
To: ietf-types@iana.org
Subject: Registration of media type text/vcard
Type name: text
Subtype name: vcard
Required parameters: none
Optional parameters: charset
Encoding considerations: The "charset" MIME parameter is interpreted
as defined in [RFC2046], section 4.1.2. If it is omitted, the
default encoding is UTF-8 as defined in [RFC3629].
Security considerations: See Section 11.
Interoperability considerations: The text/vcard media type is
intended to identify vCard data of any version. There are older
specifications of vCard [RFC2426][oldreference_VCARD] still in
common use. While these formats are similar, they are not
strictly compatible. In general, it is necessary to inspect the
value of the VERSION property (see Section 7.7.9) for identifying
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the standard to which a given vCard object conforms.
In addition, the following media types are known to have been used
to refer to vCard data. They should be considered deprecated in
favor of text/vcard.
* text/directory
* text/directory; type=vcard
* text/x-vcard
Published specification: draft-ietf-vcarddav-vcardrev-05
Applications that use this media type: They are numerous, diverse,
and include mail user agents, instant messaging clients, address
book applications, directory servers, customer relationship
management software, etc.
Additional information:
Magic number(s):
File extension(s): .vcf
Macintosh file type code(s):
Person & email address to contact for further information: Simon
Perreault <simon.perreault@viagenie.ca>
Intended usage: COMMON
Restrictions on usage: none
Author: Simon Perreault and Pete Resnick
Change controller: IETF
4. vCard Format Specification
The text/vcard MIME content type (hereafter known as "vCard")
contains contact information, typically pertaining to a single
contact or group of contacts. The content consists of one or more
lines in the format given below.
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4.1. Line Delimiting and Folding
Individual lines within vCard are delimited by the [RFC2822] line
break, which is a CRLF sequence (ASCII decimal 13, followed by ASCII
decimal 10). Long logical lines of text can be split into a
multiple-physical-line representation using the following folding
technique. Content lines SHOULD be folded to a maximum width of 75
octets. Multi-octet characters MUST remain contiguous. The
rationale for this folding process can be found in [RFC2822], Section
2.1.1.
A logical line MAY be continued on the next physical line anywhere
between two characters by inserting a CRLF immediately followed by a
single white space character (space, ASCII decimal 32, or horizontal
tab, ASCII decimal 9). At least one character must be present on the
folded line. Any sequence of CRLF followed immediately by a single
white space character is ignored (removed) when processing the
content type. For example the line:
DESCRIPTION:This is a long description that exists on a long line.
can be represented as:
DESCRIPTION:This is a long description
that exists on a long line.
It could also be represented as:
DESCRIPTION:This is a long descrip
tion that exists o
n a long line.
The process of moving from this folded multiple-line representation
of a property definition to its single line representation is called
unfolding. Unfolding is accomplished by regarding CRLF immediately
followed by a white space character (namely HTAB ASCII decimal 9 or
SPACE ASCII decimal 32) as equivalent to no characters at all (i.e.,
the CRLF and single white space character are removed).
Note: It is possible for very simple implementations to generate
improperly folded lines in the middle of a UTF-8 multi-octet
sequence. For this reason, implementations SHOULD unfold lines in
such a way as to properly restore the original sequence.
Note: Unfolding is done differently than in [RFC2822]. Unfolding
in [RFC2822] only removes the CRLF, not the space following it.
Folding is done after any content encoding of a type value.
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Unfolding is done before any decoding of a type value in a content
line.
4.2. ABNF Format Definition
The following ABNF uses the notation of [RFC5234], which also defines
CRLF, WSP, DQUOTE, VCHAR, ALPHA, and DIGIT. After the unfolding of
any folded lines as described above, the syntax for a line of this
content type is as follows:
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contentline = [group "."] name *(";" param) ":" value CRLF
; When parsing a content line, folded lines MUST first
; be unfolded according to the unfolding procedure
; described above.
; When generating a content line, lines longer than 75
; characters SHOULD be folded according to the folding
; procedure described above.
group = "WORK" / "HOME" / iana-token / x-name
name = x-name / iana-token
iana-token = 1*(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
; identifier registered with IANA
x-name = "x-" 1*(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
; Names that begin with "x-" or "X-" are
; reserved for experimental use, not intended for released
; products, or for use in bilateral agreements.
param = param-name "=" param-value *("," param-value)
param-name = x-name / iana-token
param-value = ptext / quoted-string
ptext = *SAFE-CHAR
value = *VALUE-CHAR
/ valuespec ; valuespec defined in section 5.8.4
quoted-string = DQUOTE *QSAFE-CHAR DQUOTE
NON-ASCII = %x80-FF
; use restricted by charset parameter
; on outer MIME object (UTF-8 preferred)
QSAFE-CHAR = WSP / %x21 / %x23-7E / NON-ASCII
; Any character except CTLs, DQUOTE
SAFE-CHAR = WSP / %x21 / %x23-2B / %x2D-39 / %x3C-7E / NON-ASCII
; Any character except CTLs, DQUOTE, ";", ":", ","
VALUE-CHAR = WSP / VCHAR / NON-ASCII
; any textual character
A line that begins with a white space character is a continuation of
the previous line, as described above. The white space character and
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immediately preceeding CRLF should be discarded when reconstructing
the original line. Note that this line-folding convention differs
from that found in [RFC2822], in that the sequence <CRLF><WSP> found
anywhere in the content indicates a continued line and should be
removed.
Property names and parameter names are case insensitive (e.g., the
property name "fn" is the same as "FN" and "Fn"). Parameter values
MAY be case sensitive or case insensitive, depending on their
definition.
The group construct is used to group related properties together.
For example, groups named "WORK" and "HOME" could be used to
segregate properties such as telephone number, address, etc.
Displaying of groups is left entirely up to the application.
Predefined groups with assigned meaning are listed in Section 12.2.1.
It is possible to register new groups from IANA. Unregistered groups
MAY be used and MUST start with "X-".
Each property defined in a vCard instance MAY have multiple values.
The general rule for encoding multi-valued properties is to simply
create a new content line for each value (including the property
name). However, it should be noted that some value types support
encoding multiple values in a single content line by separating the
values with a comma ",". This approach has been taken for several of
the content types defined below (date, time, integer, float), for
space-saving reasons.
5. Property Value Data Types
Lists of values are delimited by a list delimiter, specified by the
COMMA character (ASCII decimal 44). A COMMA character in a value
MUST be escaped with a BACKSLASH character (ASCII decimal 92).
Compound type values are delimited by a field delimiter, specified by
the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59). A SEMI-COLON in a
component of a compound property value MUST be escaped with a
BACKSLASH character (ASCII decimal 92).
Standard value types are defined below.
valuespec = text-list
/ URI ; from Appendix A of [RFC3986]
/ date-list
/ time-list
/ date-time-list
/ boolean
/ integer-list
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/ float-list
/ binary
/ utc-offset
/ iana-valuespec
text-list = *TEXT-LIST-CHAR *("," *TEXT-LIST-CHAR)
TEXT-LIST-CHAR = "\\" / "\," / "\n"
/ <any VALUE-CHAR except , or \ or newline>
; Backslashes, newlines, and commas must be encoded.
; \n or \N can be used to encode a newline.
date-list = date *("," date)
time-list = time *("," time)
date-time-list = date "T" time *("," date "T" time)
boolean = "TRUE" / "FALSE"
integer-list = integer *("," integer)
integer = [sign] 1*DIGIT
float-list = float *("," float)
float = [sign] 1*DIGIT ["." 1*DIGIT]
sign = "+" / "-"
binary = <A "B" binary encoded string as defined by [RFC2047].>
date = date-fullyear ["-" date-month ["-" date-mday]]
date-fullyear = 4DIGIT
date-month = 2DIGIT ;01-12
date-mday = 2DIGIT ;01-28, 01-29, 01-30, 01-31
;based on month/year
time = time-hour [":" time-minute [":" time-second [time-secfrac]]]
[time-zone]
time-hour = 2DIGIT ;00-23
time-minute = 2DIGIT ;00-59
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time-second = 2DIGIT ;00-60 (leap second)
time-secfrac = "," 1*DIGIT
time-zone = "Z" / time-numzone
time-numzome = sign time-hour [":"] time-minute
utc-offset = ("+" / "-") time-hour ":" time-minute
iana-valuespec = <a publicly-defined valuetype format, registered
with IANA, as defined in section 12 of this
document>
5.1. TEXT
"text": The "text" value type should be used to identify values that
contain human-readable text. The character set in which the text is
represented is controlled by the "charset" MIME type parameter. Note
that there is no way to override this parameter on a per-property
basis. As for the language, it is controlled by the "language"
property parameter defined in Section 6.1.
Examples for "text":
this is a text value
this is one value,this is another
this is a single value\, with a comma encoded
A formatted text line break in a text value type MUST be represented
as the character sequence backslash (ASCII decimal 92) followed by a
Latin small letter n (ASCII decimal 110) or a Latin capital letter N
(ASCII decimal 78), that is "\n" or "\N".
For example a multiple line DESCRIPTION value of:
Mythical Manager
Hyjinx Software Division
BabsCo, Inc.
could be represented as:
DESCRIPTION:Mythical Manager\nHyjinx Software Division\n
BabsCo\, Inc.\n
demonstrating the \n literal formatted line break technique, the
CRLF-followed-by-space line folding technique, and the backslash
escape technique.
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5.2. URI
"uri": The "uri" value type should be used to identify values that
are referenced by a URI (including a Content-ID URI), instead of
encoded in-line. These value references might be used if the value
is too large, or otherwise undesirable to include directly. The
format for the URI is as defined in [RFC3986]. Note that the value
of a property of type "uri" is what the URI points to, not the URI
itself.
Examples for "uri":
http://www.example.com/my/picture.jpg
ldap://ldap.example.com/cn=babs%20jensen
5.3. DATE, TIME, and DATE-TIME
"date", "time", and "date-time": Each of these value types is based
on a subset of the definitions in [ISO.8601.1988] standard. Multiple
"date" and "time" values can be specified using the comma-separated
notation.
Examples for "date":
1985-04-12
1996-08-05,1996-11-11
19850412
Examples for "time":
10:22:00
102200
10:22:00.33
10:22:00.33Z
10:22:33,11:22:00
10:22:00-08:00
Examples for "date-time":
1996-10-22T14:00:00Z
1996-08-11T12:34:56Z
19960811T123456Z
1996-10-22T14:00:00Z,1996-08-11T12:34:56Z
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5.4. BOOLEAN
"boolean": The "boolean" value type is used to express boolen values.
These values are case insensitive.
Examples:
TRUE
false
True
5.5. INTEGER
"integer": The "integer" value type is used to express signed
integers in decimal format. If sign is not specified, the value is
assumed positive "+". Multiple "integer" values can be specified
using the comma-separated notation.
Examples:
1234567890
-1234556790
+1234556790,432109876
5.6. FLOAT
"float": The "float" value type is used to express real numbers. If
sign is not specified, the value is assumed positive "+". Multiple
"float" values can be specified using the comma-separated notation.
Examples:
20.30
1000000.0000001
1.333,3.14
5.7. BINARY
"binary": The "binary" value type specifies that the type value is
inline, encoded binary data. This value type can be specified in the
PHOTO, LOGO, SOUND, and KEY types.
If inline encoded binary data is specified, the ENCODING type
parameter MUST be used to specify the encoding format. The binary
data MUST be encoded using the "B" encoding format. Long lines of
encoded binary data SHOULD BE folded to 75 characters using the
folding method defined in Section 4.1.
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5.8. UTC-OFFSET
"utc-offset": The "utc-offset" value type specifies that the type
value is a signed offset from UTC. This value type can be specified
in the TZ type.
The value type is an offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
It is specified as a positive or negative difference in units of
hours and minutes (e.g., +hh:mm). The time is specified as a 24-hour
clock. Hour values are from 00 to 23, and minute values are from 00
to 59. Hour and minutes are 2-digits with high order zeroes required
to maintain digit count. The extended format for ISO 8601 UTC
offsets MUST be used. The extended format makes use of a colon
character as a separator of the hour and minute text fields.
6. Property Parameters
A property can have attributes associated with it. These "property
parameters" contain meta-information about the property or the
property value.
Property parameter values that contain the COLON (US-ASCII decimal
58), SEMICOLON (US-ASCII decimal 59) or COMMA (US-ASCII decimal 44)
character separators MUST be specified as quoted-string text values.
Property parameter values MUST NOT contain the DQUOTE (US-ASCII
decimal 22) character. The DQUOTE (US-ASCII decimal 22) character is
used as a delimiter for parameter values that contain restricted
characters or URI text. For example:
EMAIL;PID=8:jdoe@example.com
Property parameter values that are not in quoted strings are case
insensitive.
The general property parameters defined by this memo are defined by
the following notation:
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vcardparameter = encodingparam
/ valuetypeparam
/ languageparam
/ pref-param
/ pid-param
encodingparam = "encoding" "=" encodingtype
encodingtype = "b" ; from [RFC2047]
/ iana-token ; registered as described in
; section 12 of this document
valuetypeparam = "value" "=" valuetype
valuetype = "uri" ; URI from Appendix A of [RFC3986]
/ "text"
/ "date"
/ "time"
/ "date-time" ; date time
/ "integer"
/ "boolean"
/ "float"
/ x-name
/ iana-token ; registered as described in
; section 12 of this document
languageparam = "language" "=" Language-Tag
; Language-Tag is defined in section 2.1 of RFC 4646
pref-param = "pref"
pid-param = ("pid" "=" pid-value *("," pid-value))
pid-value = 1*DIGIT
Applications MUST ignore x-param and iana-param value they don't
recognize.
6.1. LANGUAGE
The "language" property parameter is used to identify data in
multiple languages. There is no concept of "default" language,
except as specified by any "Content-Language" MIME header parameter
that is present. The value of the "language" property parameter is a
language tag as defined in Section 2 of [RFC4646].
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6.2. ENCODING
The "encoding" property parameter is used to specify an alternate
encoding for a value. If the value contains a CRLF, it must be
encoded, since CRLF is used to separate lines in the content-type
itself. Currently, only the "b" encoding is supported.
The "b" encoding can also be useful for binary values that are mixed
with other text information in the body part (e.g., a certificate).
Using a per-value "b" encoding in this case leaves the other
information in a more readable form. The encoded base 64 value can
be split across multiple physical lines by using the line folding
technique described above.
The Content-Transfer-Encoding header field is used to specify the
encoding used for the body part as a whole. The "encoding" property
parameter is used to specify an encoding for a particular value
(e.g., a certificate). In this case, the Content-Transfer-Encoding
header might specify "8bit", while the one certificate value might
specify an encoding of "b" via an "encoding=b" property parameter.
The Content-Transfer-Encoding and the encodings of individual
properties given by the "encoding" property parameter are independent
of one another. When encoding a text/vcard body part for
transmission, individual property encodings are performed first, then
the entire body part is encoded according to the Content-Transfer-
Encoding. When decoding a text/vcard body part, the Content-
Transfer-Encoding is decoded first, and then any individual
properties with an "encoding" property parameter are decoded.
6.3. VALUE
The "value" parameter is optional, and is used to identify the value
type (data type) and format of the value. The use of these
predefined formats is encouraged even if the value parameter is not
explicity used. By defining a standard set of value types and their
formats, existing parsing and processing code can be leveraged. The
predefined data type values MUST NOT be repeated in COMMA separated
value lists except within the N, NICKNAME, ADR and CATEGORIES
properties.
Including the value type explicitly as part of each property provides
an extra hint to keep parsing simple and support more generalized
applications. For example a search engine would not have to know the
particular value types for all of the items for which it is
searching. Because the value type is explicit in the definition, the
search engine could look for dates in any item type and provide
results that can still be interpreted.
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6.4. PID
The "pid" parameter is used to identify a specific property among
multiple instances. It plays a role analogous to the UID property
(Section 7.7.7) on a per-property instead of per-vCard basis. It
MUST NOT appear more than once in a given property. It MUST NOT
appear on properties that only may have one instance per vCard. Its
value is a small integer. For synchronization purposes, it MAY
contain more than one value to resolve conflicts (see Section 8).
Note that the "pid" parameter's values are not globally unique, so it
is possible for duplicate values to be created.
6.5. TYPE
The "type" parameter has multiple, different uses. In general, it is
a way of specifying class characteristics of the associated property.
Most of the time, its value is a comma-separated subset of a pre-
defined enumeration. In this document, the following properties make
use of this parameter: PHOTO, ADR, LABEL, TEL, EMAIL, IMPP, LOGO,
MEMBER, SOUND, and KEY.
7. vCard Properties
What follows is an enumeration of the standard vCard properties.
7.1. General Properties
7.1.1. BEGIN
Purpose: To denote the beginning of a syntactic entity within a
text/vcard content-type.
Value type: text
Special notes: The content entity MUST begin with the BEGIN property
with a value of "VCARD".
The BEGIN property is used in conjunction with the END property to
delimit an entity containing a related set of properties within an
text/vcard content-type. This construct can be used instead of or
in addition to wrapping separate sets of information inside
additional MIME headers. It is provided for applications that
wish to define content that can contain multiple entities within
the same text/vcard content-type or to define content that can be
identifiable outside of a MIME environment.
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Example:
BEGIN:VCARD
7.1.2. END
Purpose: To denote the end of a syntactic entity within a text/vcard
content-type.
Value type: text
Special notes: The content entity MUST end with the END type with a
value of "VCARD".
The END property is used in conjunction with the BEGIN property to
delimit an entity containing a related set of properties within an
text/vcard content-type. This construct can be used instead of or
in addition to wrapping separate sets of information inside
additional MIME headers. It is provided for applications that
wish to define content that can contain multiple entities within
the same text/vcard content-type or to define content that can be
identifiable outside of a MIME environment.
Example:
END:VCARD
7.1.3. SOURCE
Purpose: To identify the source of directory information contained
in the content type.
Value type: uri
Special notes: The SOURCE property is used to provide the means by
which applications knowledgable in the given directory service
protocol can obtain additional or more up-to-date information from
the directory service. It contains a URI as defined in [RFC3986]
and/or other information referencing the vCard to which the
information pertains. When directory information is available
from more than one source, the sending entity can pick what it
considers to be the best source, or multiple SOURCE properties can
be included.
Examples:
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SOURCE:ldap://ldap.example.com/cn=Babs%20Jensen,%20o=Babsco,%20c=US
SOURCE:http://directory.example.com/addressbooks/jdoe/
Jean%20Dupont.vcf
7.1.4. NAME
Purpose: To identify the displayable name of the directory entity to
which information in the vCard pertains.
Value type: text
Special notes: The NAME property is used to convey the display name
of the entity to which the directory information pertains. Its
value is the displayable, presentation text associated with the
source for the vCard, as specified in the SOURCE property.
Example:
NAME:Babs Jensen's Contact Information
7.1.5. KIND
Purpose: To specify the kind of object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: The value may be one of: "individual" for a single
person, "group" for a group of people, "org" for an organization,
"location" for a named geographical place, an x-name or an iana-
token. If this property is absent, "individual" MUST be assumed
as default.
Example:
This represents someone named Jane Doe working in the marketing
department of the North American division of ABC Inc.
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
KIND:individual
FN:Jane Doe
ORG:ABC\, Inc.;North American Division;Marketing
END:VCARD
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This represents the department itself, commonly known as ABC
Marketing.
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
KIND:org
FN:ABC Marketing
ORG:ABC\, Inc.;North American Division;Marketing
END:VCARD
7.2. Identification Properties
These types are used to capture information associated with the
identification and naming of the person or resource associated with
the vCard.
7.2.1. FN
Purpose: To specify the formatted text corresponding to the name of
the object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: This property is based on the semantics of the X.520
Common Name attribute. The property MUST be present in the vCard
object.
Example:
FN:Mr. John Q. Public\, Esq.
7.2.2. N
Purpose: To specify the components of the name of the object the
vCard represents.
Value type: A single structured text value. Each component can have
multiple values.
Special note: The structured property value corresponds, in
sequence, to the Surname, Given Names, Honorific Prefixes, and
Honorific Suffixes. The text components are separated by the
SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59). Individual text
components can include multiple text values (e.g., multiple
Additional Names) separated by the COMMA character (ASCII decimal
44). This property is based on the semantics of the X.520
individual name attributes. The property SHOULD be present in the
vCard object when the name of the object the vCard represents
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follows the X.520 model.
Examples:
N:Public;John,Q.;Mr.;Esq.
N:Stevenson;John,Philip,Paul;Dr.;Jr.,M.D.,A.C.P.
7.2.3. NICKNAME
Purpose: To specify the text corresponding to the nickname of the
object the vCard represents.
Value type: One or more text values separated by a COMMA character
(ASCII decimal 44).
Special note: The nickname is the descriptive name given instead of
or in addition to the one belonging to a person, place, or thing.
It can also be used to specify a familiar form of a proper name
specified by the FN or N properties.
Examples:
NICKNAME:Robbie
NICKNAME:Jim,Jimmie
7.2.4. PHOTO
Purpose: To specify an image or photograph information that
annotates some aspect of the object the vCard represents.
Encoding: The encoding MUST be reset to "b" using the ENCODING
parameter in order to specify inline, encoded binary data. If the
value is referenced by a URI value, then the default encoding is
used and no explicit ENCODING parameter is needed.
Value type: A single value. The default is binary value. It can
also be reset to uri value. The uri value can be used to specify
a value outside of this MIME entity.
Special notes: This property SHOULD include the parameter "TYPE" to
specify the graphic image format type. The TYPE parameter value
MUST be an image media type as specified in [RFC4288]. The full
media type name, including the "image/" prefix, should be used.
However, implementations SHOULD be able to handle bare subtypes.
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Example:
PHOTO;VALUE=uri:http://www.example.com/pub/photos
/jqpublic.gif
PHOTO;ENCODING=b;TYPE=image/jpeg:MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAgICBEUwDQYJKo
ZIhvcNAQEEBQAwdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05ldHNjYXBlIENv
bW11bmljYXRpb25zIENvcnBvcmF0aW9uMRwwGgYDVQQLExNJbmZvcm1hdGlvbi
<...remainder of "B" encoded binary data...>
7.2.5. BDAY
Purpose: To specify the birth date of the object the vCard
represents.
Value type: The default is a single date value. It can also be
reset to a single date-time or text value.
Examples:
BDAY:1996-04-15
BDAY:1953-10-15T23:10:00Z
BDAY;VALUE=text:circa 1800
7.2.6. DDAY
Purpose: To specify the date of death of the object the vCard
represents.
Value type: The default is a single date value. It can also be
reset to a single date-time or text value.
7.2.7. BIRTH
Purpose: To specify the place of birth of the object the vCard
represents.
Value type: A single text value.
Example:
BIRTH:Babies'R'Us Hospital
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7.2.8. DEATH
Purpose: To specify the place of death of the object the vCard
represents.
Value type: A single text value.
Example:
DEATH:Aboard the Titanic\, near Newfoundland
7.2.9. GENDER
Purpose: To specify the gender of the object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: The value "M" stands for male while "F" stands for
female.
Example:
GENDER:F
7.3. Delivery Addressing Properties
These types are concerned with information related to the delivery
addressing or label for the vCard object.
7.3.1. ADR
Purpose: To specify the components of the delivery address for the
vCard object.
Value type: A single structured text value, separated by the SEMI-
COLON character (ASCII decimal 59).
Special notes: The structured type value consists of a sequence of
address components. The component values MUST be specified in
their corresponding position. The structured type value
corresponds, in sequence, to the post office box; the extended
address (e.g. apartment or suite number); the street address; the
locality (e.g., city); the region (e.g., state or province); the
postal code; the country name. When a component value is missing,
the associated component separator MUST still be specified.
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The text components are separated by the SEMI-COLON character
(ASCII decimal 59). Where it makes semantic sense, individual
text components can include multiple text values (e.g., a "street"
component with multiple lines) separated by the COMMA character
(ASCII decimal 44).
The property can include the "PREF" parameter to indicate the
preferred delivery address when more than one address is
specified.
Example: In this example the post office box and the extended address
are absent.
ADR:;;123 Main Street;Any Town;CA;91921-1234
7.3.2. LABEL
Purpose: To specify the formatted text corresponding to delivery
address of the object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: The property value is formatted text that can be used
to present a delivery address label for the vCard object. The
property can include the "PREF" parameter to indicate the
preferred delivery address when more than one address is
specified.
Example: A multi-line address label.
LABEL:Mr.John Q. Public\, Esq.\nMail Drop: TNE QB\n
123 Main Street\nAny Town\, CA 91921-1234\nU.S.A.
7.4. Communications Properties
These properties are concerned with information associated with the
way communications with the object the vCard represents are carried
out.
7.4.1. TEL
Purpose: To specify the telephone number for telephony communication
with the object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single URI value. It is expected that the URI scheme
will be "tel", as specified in [RFC3966], but other schemes MAY be
used.
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Special notes: This property is based on the X.520 Telephone Number
attribute.
The property can include the "PREF" parameter to indicate a
prefered-use telephone number.
The property can include the parameter "TYPE" to specify intended
use for the telephone number. The TYPE parameter values can
include: "text" to indicate the telephone number supports text
messages, "voice" to indicate a voice telephone number, "fax" to
indicate a facsimile telephone number, "cell" to indicate a
cellular telephone number, "video" to indicate a video
conferencing telephone number, "pager" to indicate a paging device
telephone number. The default type is "voice". These type
parameter values can be specified as a parameter list (i.e.,
"TYPE=text;TYPE=voice") or as a value list (i.e.,
"TYPE=text,voice"). The default can be overridden to another set
of values by specifying one or more alternate values. For
example, the default TYPE of "voice" can be reset to a VOICE and
FAX telephone number by the value list "TYPE=voice,fax".
Example:
WORK.TEL;PREF;TYPE=voice,msg:tel:+1-555-555-5555;ext=5555
HOME.TEL:tel:+33-01-23-45-67
7.4.2. EMAIL
Purpose: To specify the electronic mail address for communication
with the object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: The property can include tye "PREF" parameter to
indicate a preferred-use email address when more than one is
specified.
Type example:
WORK.EMAIL:jqpublic@xyz.example.com
EMAIL;PREF:jane_doe@example.com
7.4.3. IMPP
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Purpose: To specify the URI for instant messaging and presence
protocol communications with the object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single URI.
Special notes: The property may include the "PREF" parameter to
indicate that this is a preferred address and has the same
semantics as the "PREF" parameter in a TEL property.
Example:
IMPP;PREF:xmpp:alice@example.com
7.4.4. LANG
Purpose: To specify the language(s) that may be used for contacting
the individual associated with the vCard.
Value type: A list of text values.
Special notes: The list is to be interpreted as defined in
[RFC2616], Section 14.4, i.e. as the value of an Accept-Language
HTTP header. This lets one specify preference among languages.
Note that any SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59) must be
escaped.
Example:
LANG:fr,en\;q=0.9
7.5. Geographical Properties
These properties are concerned with information associated with
geographical positions or regions associated with the object the
vCard represents.
7.5.1. TZ
Purpose: To specify information related to the time zone of the
object the vCard represents.
Value type: The default is a single utc-offset value. It can also
be reset to a single text value.
Special notes: The type value consists of a single value.
Type examples:
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TZ:-05:00
TZ;VALUE=text:-05:00; EST; Raleigh/North America
;This example has a single value, not a structure text value.
7.5.2. GEO
Purpose: To specify information related to the global positioning of
the object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single structured value consisting of two float values
separated by the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59).
Special notes: This property specifies information related to the
global position of the object associated with the vCard. The
value specifies latitude and longitude, in that order (i.e., "LAT
LON" ordering). The longitude represents the location east and
west of the prime meridian as a positive or negative real number,
respectively. The latitude represents the location north and
south of the equator as a positive or negative real number,
respectively. The longitude and latitude values MUST be expressed
in the [WGS84] reference system. They MUST be specified as
decimal degrees and should be specified to six decimal places.
This will allow for granularity within a meter of the geographical
position. The text components are separated by the SEMI-COLON
character (ASCII decimal 59). The simple formula for converting
degrees-minutes-seconds into decimal degrees is:
decimal = degrees + minutes/60 + seconds/3600.
Example:
GEO:37.386013;-122.082932
7.6. Organizational Properties
These properties are concerned with information associated with
characteristics of the organization or organizational units of the
object the vCard represents.
7.6.1. TITLE
Purpose: To specify the job title, functional position or function
of the object the vCard represents.
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Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: This property is based on the X.520 Title attribute.
Example:
TITLE:Director\, Research and Development
7.6.2. ROLE
Purpose: To specify information concerning the role, occupation, or
business category of the object the vCard represents.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: This property is based on the X.520 Business Category
explanatory attribute. This property is included as an
organizational type to avoid confusion with the semantics of the
TITLE property and incorrect usage of that property when the
semantics of this property is intended.
Example:
ROLE:Programmer
7.6.3. LOGO
Purpose: To specify a graphic image of a logo associated with the
object the vCard represents.
Encoding: The encoding MUST be reset to "b" using the ENCODING
parameter in order to specify inline, encoded binary data. If the
value is referenced by a URI value, then the default encoding of
8bit is used and no explicit ENCODING parameter is needed.
Value type: A single value. The default is binary value. It can
also be reset to uri value. The uri value can be used to specify
a value outside of this MIME entity.
Special notes: This property SHOULD include the parameter "TYPE" to
specify the graphic image format type. The TYPE parameter value
MUST be an image media type as specified in [RFC4288]. The full
media type name, including the "image/" prefix, should be used.
However, implementations SHOULD be able to handle bare subtypes.
Example:
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LOGO;VALUE=uri:http://www.example.com/pub/logos/abccorp.jpg
LOGO;ENCODING=b;TYPE=image/jpeg:MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAgICBEUwDQYJKoZ
AQEEBQAwdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05ldHNjYXBlIENvbW11bm
ljYXRpb25zIENvcnBvcmF0aW9uMRwwGgYDVQQLExNJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiBTeXN0
<...the remainder of "B" encoded binary data...>
7.6.4. ORG
Purpose: To specify the organizational name and units associated
with the vCard.
Value type: A single structured text value consisting of components
separated the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59).
Special notes: The property is based on the X.520 Organization Name
and Organization Unit attributes. The property value is a
structured type consisting of the organization name, followed by
one or more levels of organizational unit names.
Example: A property value consisting of an organizational name,
organizational unit #1 name and organizational unit #2 name.
ORG:ABC\, Inc.;North American Division;Marketing
7.6.5. MEMBER
Purpose: To include a member in the group this vCard represents.
Value tpe: A single URI. It MAY refer to something other than a
vCard object. For example, an e-mail distribution list could
employ the "mailto" URI scheme for efficiency.
Special notes: This property MUST NOT be present unless the value of
the KIND property is "group".
Examples:
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BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
KIND:group
FN:The Doe family
MEMBER:urn:uuid:03a0e51f-d1aa-4385-8a53-e29025acd8af
MEMBER:urn:uuid:b8767877-b4a1-4c70-9acc-505d3819e519
END:VCARD
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
FN:John Doe
UID:urn:uuid:03a0e51f-d1aa-4385-8a53-e29025acd8af
END:VCARD
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
FN:Jane Doe
UID:urn:uuid:b8767877-b4a1-4c70-9acc-505d3819e519
END:VCARD
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
KIND:group
FN:Funky distribution list
MEMBER:mailto:subscriber1@example.com
MEMBER:xmpp:subscriber2@example.com
MEMBER:sip:subscriber3@example.com
MEMBER:tel:+1-418-555-5555
END:VCARD
7.6.6. RELATED
Purpose: To specify a relationship the individual this vCard
represents has with another.
Value type: A single URI.
Special notes: The TYPE parameter MAY be used to characterize the
related individual. The understood types are:
* "parent" means that the related individual is the parent of the
individual this vCard represents.
* "child" means the opposite of "parent".
* "sibling" means that the two individuals are siblings.
* "manager" means that the related individual is the direct
hierarchical superior (i.e. supervisor or manager) of the
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individual this vCard represents.
* "assistant" for an assistant or secretary.
* "agent" for a person who will act on behalf of the individual
or resource associated with the vCard.
Other types may be registered to IANA as described in
Section 12.1, and private extensions starting with "X-" may be
used.
Examples:
RELATED;TYPE=manager:urn:uuid:f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6
RELATED;TYPE=assistant:http://example.com/directory/jdoe.vcf
7.7. Explanatory Properties
These properties are concerned with additional explanations, such as
that related to informational notes or revisions specific to the
vCard.
7.7.1. CATEGORIES
Purpose: To specify application category information about the
vCard.
Value type: One or more text values separated by a COMMA character
(ASCII decimal 44).
Example:
CATEGORIES:TRAVEL AGENT
CATEGORIES:INTERNET,IETF,INDUSTRY,INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
7.7.2. NOTE
Purpose: To specify supplemental information or a comment that is
associated with the vCard.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: The property is based on the X.520 Description
attribute.
Example:
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NOTE:This fax number is operational 0800 to 1715
EST\, Mon-Fri.
7.7.3. PRODID
Purpose: To specify the identifier for the product that created the
vCard object.
Type value: A single text value.
Special notes: Implementations SHOULD use a method such as that
specified for Formal Public Identifiers in [ISO9070] or for
Universal Resource Names in [RFC3406] to assure that the text
value is unique.
Example:
PRODID:-//ONLINE DIRECTORY//NONSGML Version 1//EN
7.7.4. REV
Purpose: To specify revision information about the current vCard.
Value type: The default is a single date-time value. Can also be
reset to a single date value.
Special notes: The value distinguishes the current revision of the
information in this vCard for other renditions of the information.
Example:
REV:1995-10-31T22:27:10Z
REV:1997-11-15
7.7.5. SORT-STRING
Purpose: To specify the family name or given name text to be used
for national-language-specific sorting of the FN and N types.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: The sort string is used to provide family name or
given name text that is to be used in locale- or national-
language- specific sorting of the formatted name and structured
name types. Without this information, sorting algorithms could
incorrectly sort this vCard within a sequence of sorted vCards.
When this property is present in a vCard, then this family name or
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given name value is used for sorting the vCard.
Examples: For the case of family name sorting, the following examples
define common sort string usage with the FN and N properties.
FN:Rene van der Harten
N:van der Harten;Rene;J.;Sir;R.D.O.N.
SORT-STRING:Harten
FN:Robert Pau Shou Chang
N:Pau;Shou Chang;Robert
SORT-STRING:Pau
FN:Osamu Koura
N:Koura;Osamu
SORT-STRING:Koura
FN:Oscar del Pozo
N:del Pozo Triscon;Oscar
SORT-STRING:Pozo
FN:Chistine d'Aboville
N:d'Aboville;Christine
SORT-STRING:Aboville
7.7.6. SOUND
Purpose: To specify a digital sound content information that
annotates some aspect of the vCard. By default this property is
used to specify the proper pronunciation of the name property
value of the vCard.
Encoding: The encoding MUST be reset to "b" using the ENCODING
parameter in order to specify inline, encoded binary data. If the
value is referenced by a URI value, then the default encoding of
8bit is used and no explicit ENCODING parameter is needed.
Value type: A single value. The default is binary value. It can
also be reset to uri value. The uri value can be used to specify
a value outside of this MIME entity.
Special notes: This property SHOULD include the parameter "TYPE" to
specify the audio format type. The TYPE parameter value MUST be
an audio media type as specified in [RFC4288]. The full media
type name, including the "audio/" prefix, should be used.
However, implementations SHOULD be able to handle bare subtypes.
Example:
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SOUND;TYPE=audio/basic;VALUE=uri:CID:JOHNQPUBLIC.part8.
19960229T080000.xyzMail@example.com
SOUND;TYPE=audio/basic;ENCODING=b:MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAgICBEUwDQYJK
AQEEBQAwdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05ldHNjYXBlIENvbW11bm
ljYXRpb25zIENvcnBvcmF0aW9uMRwwGgYDVQQLExNJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiBTeXN0
<...the remainder of "B" encoded binary data...>
7.7.7. UID
Purpose: To specify a value that represents a globally unique
identifier corresponding to the individual or resource associated
with the vCard.
Value type: A single URI value.
Special notes: The type is used to uniquely identify the object that
the vCard represents. The "uuid" URN namespace defined in
[RFC4122] is particularly well-suited to this task, but other URI
schemes MAY be used.
This property MUST NOT appear more than once in a given vCard.
Example:
UID:urn:uuid:f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6
7.7.8. URL
Purpose: To specify a uniform resource locator associated with the
object that the vCard refers to.
Value type: A single uri value.
Example:
URL:http://example.org/restaurant.french/~chezchic.html
7.7.9. VERSION
Purpose: To specify the version of the vCard specification used to
format this vCard.
Value type: A single text value.
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Special notes: The property MUST be present in the vCard object.
The value MUST be "4.0" if the vCard corresponds to this
specification.
Example:
VERSION:4.0
7.8. Security Properties
These properties are concerned with the security of communication
pathways or access to the vCard.
7.8.1. CLASS
Purpose: To specify the access classification for a vCard object.
Value type: A single text value.
Special notes: An access classification is only one component of the
general security model for a directory service. The
classification attribute provides a method of capturing the intent
of the owner for general access to information described by the
vCard object.
Predefined values are:
PUBLIC: This vCard MAY be shared with anyone.
PRIVATE: This vCard MUST NOT be shared. It MAY be exported if
explictly authorized and requested by the creator.
CONFIDENTIAL: This vCard MAY be shared with allowed users or
systems. The exact confidentiality level is site-specific and
out of scope for the vCard specification.
Examples:
CLASS:PUBLIC
CLASS:PRIVATE
CLASS:CONFIDENTIAL
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7.8.2. KEY
Purpose: To specify a public key or authentication certificate
associated with the object that the vCard represents.
Encoding: The encoding MUST be reset to "b" using the ENCODING
parameter in order to specify inline, encoded binary data. If the
value is a text value, then the default encoding of 8bit is used
and no explicit ENCODING parameter is needed.
Value type: A single value. The default is binary. It can also be
reset to text value. The text value can be used to specify a text
key.
Special notes: This property SHOULD include the parameter "TYPE" to
specify the public key or authentication certificate format. The
TYPE parameter value MUST be a media type as specified in
[RFC4288].
Example:
KEY;TYPE=application/pgp-keys;ENCODING=b:mQGiBEbEPUsRBACBF0RSIN
mGutdM+KSAl7HMzwXHaLbvEOyu8At80I8qGejhzWowKbfem3X0m68Y/vhb+J2g
7q11KHpnEdNb67uZaj9nTQ09Q+UFtH25qD/Afn3+9bOJQaPjAUYzXu3vD/xmN8
<...remainder of "B" encoded binary data...>
7.9. Calendar Properties
These properties are further specified in [RFC2739].
7.9.1. FBURL
Purpose: To specify the URI for a user's busy time in a vCard
object.
Value type: A single URI value.
Special notes: Where multiple FBURL properties are specified, the
default FBURL property is indicated with the PREF parameter. The
FTP or HTTP type of URI points to an iCalendar object associated
with a snapshot of the last six weeks of the user's busy time
data. If the iCalendar object is represented as a file or
document, it's file type should be "ifb".
Examples:
FBURL;PREF:http://www.example.com/busy/janedoe
FBURL:FTP://ftp.example.com/busy/project-a.ifb
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7.9.2. CALADRURI
Purpose: To specify the location to which an event request should be
sent for the user.
Value type: A single URI value.
Special notes: Where multiple CALADRURI properties are specified,
the default CALADRURI property is indicated with the PREF
parameter.
Example:
CALADRURI;PREF:mailto:janedoe@example.com
CALDARURI:http://example.com/calendar/jdoe
7.9.3. CALURI
Purpose: To specify the URI for a user's calendar in a vCard object.
Value type: A single URI value.
Special notes: Where multiple CALURI properties are specified, the
default CALURI property is indicated with the PREF parameter. The
property should contain a URI pointing to an iCalendar object
associated with a snapshot of the user's calendar store. If the
iCalendar object is represented as a file or document, it's file
type should be "ics".
Examples:
CALURI;PREF:http://cal.example.com/calA
CALURI:ftp://ftp.example.com/calA.ics
7.10. Extended Properties and Parameters
The properties and parameters defined by this document can be
extended. Non-standard, private properties and parameters with a
name starting with "X-" may be defined bilaterally between two
cooperating agents without outside registration or standardization.
8. Synchronization
vCard data often needs to be synchronized between devices. In this
context, synchronization is defined as the intelligent merging of two
representations of the same object. vCard 4.0 includes mechanisms to
aid this process.
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8.1. Mechanisms
Two vCards for which the UID properties (Section 7.7.7) are
equivalent MUST be considered representations of the same object.
Equivalence is determined as specified in [RFC3986], Section 6.
vCards without a UID property MAY be matched to vCards with a UID
property where a synchronization engine determines there is
sufficient similarity to assume equivalence. The particular strategy
and criteria used is out of scope for this document.
Updates to vCards with multiple instances of particular properties
MAY use the PID associated with each property to aid in determining
what values have changed. Since PIDs are not globally unique, they
can only be used as guidelines to synchronization engine logic. Such
logic is out of scope for this document.
Note that when a synchronization engine performs conflict resolution,
it is possible that new values, from multiple sources and with
different PIDs, are in fact the same value. In such a situation, a
synchronization engine MAY choose to represent this situation by
using multiple PID values - first the final desired PID value,
followed by a ",", followed by any prior PID values for that
particular property. The recipient of multiple PID values for a
single property should update to only use the desired new PID value
in future communications.
8.2. Example
Two vCards are to be synchronized:
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
UID:urn:uuid:77a01597-0603-40f3-8138-36deca8618da
FN:Jane Doe
HOME.TEL;PID=1:tel:+33-01-23-45-67
HOME.TEL;PID=3:tel:+1-800-555-1234
EMAIL;PID=1:jdoe@example.com
IMPP;PREF:xmpp:jdoe@example.com
END:VCARD
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BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
UID:urn:uuid:77a01597-0603-40f3-8138-36deca8618da
FN:Jane Doe
HOME.TEL;PID=1:tel:+33-01-23-45-67
HOME.TEL;PID=4:tel:+1-800-555-5678
EMAIL;PID=1:jdoe@example.com
IMPP;PREF:xmpp:jdoe@example.com
END:VCARD
Assuming a synchronization engine is presented with the two vCards,
it may decide based upon logic out of scope of this document, that
both vCards are representations of the same object, and create a
merged vCard such as:
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
UID:urn:uuid:77a01597-0603-40f3-8138-36deca8618da
FN:Jane Doe
HOME.TEL;PID=1:tel:+33-01-23-45-67
HOME.TEL;PID=3:tel:+1-800-555-1234
HOME.TEL;PID=4:tel:+1-800-555-5678
EMAIL;PID=1:jdoe@example.com
IMPP;PREF:xmpp:jdoe@example.com
END:VCARD
If the synchronization engine then is presented with an updated vCard
such as:
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
UID:urn:uuid:77a01597-0603-40f3-8138-36deca8618da
FN:Jane Doe
HOME.TEL;PID=1:tel:+33-01-23-45-67
HOME.TEL;PID=4:tel:+1-800-555-5678
EMAIL;PID=1:jdoe@example.com
EMAIL;PID=2:fred.smithdoe@example.com
IMPP;PREF:xmpp:jdoe@example.com
END:VCARD
It may use the PIDs on each property to determine that the second
phone number in the sequence has been deleted, and a new email
address has been added. Note that there may be data beyond what is
available within a vCard, such as a speed dial number, that is
specific to each individual property instance, which is why providing
a correlation between versions is significant.
If the synchronization engine next received the following vCard from
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a different source:
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
UID:urn:uuid:77a01597-0603-40f3-8138-36deca8618da
FN:Jane Doe
TEL;PID=1;TYPE=home:tel:+33-01-23-45-67
TEL;PID=4;TYPE=home:tel:+1-800-555-5678
EMAIL;PID=1:jdoe@example.com
EMAIL;PID=5:fred.smithdoe@example.com
IMPP;TYPE=personal,pref:xmpp:jdoe@example.com
END:VCARD
It may determine that that the new email address with PID=5 is
equivalent to the existing email address with PID=2. It could inform
the new data source to use the PID value 2 by specifying the
following line in the vCard returned to that last source:
EMAIL;PID=2,5:fred.smithdoe@example.com
After receipt of the updated PID values, the new source should begin
to use PID=2 for that email address in future communications with
that synchronization engine.
9. Formal Grammar
The following formal grammar is provided to assist developers in
building parsers for the vCard.
This syntax is written according to the form described in [RFC5234],
but it references just this small subset of [RFC5234] literals:
;*******************************************
; Basic vCard Definition
;*******************************************
vcard-entity = 1*(vcard)
vcard = "BEGIN" ":" "VCARD" 1*CRLF
1*(contentline)
;A vCard object MUST include the VERSION and FN properties.
"END" ":" "VCARD" 1*CRLF
contentline = [group "."] name *(";" param ) ":" value CRLF
; When parsing a content line, folded lines must first
; be unfolded according to the unfolding procedure
; described above. When generating a content line, lines
; longer than 75 characters SHOULD be folded according to
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; the folding procedure described in [MIME DIR].
group = "WORK" / "HOME" / iana-token / x-name
name = iana-token / x-name
; Parsing of the param and value is
; based on the "name" or type identifier
; as defined in ABNF sections below
iana-token = 1*(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
; vCard type or parameter identifier registered with IANA
x-name = "X-" 1*(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
; Reserved for non-standard use
param = param-name "=" param-value *("," param-value)
param-name = iana-token / x-name
param-value = ptext / quoted-string
ptext = *SAFE-CHAR
value = *VALUE-CHAR
quoted-string = DQUOTE QSAFE-CHAR DQUOTE
NON-ASCII = %x80-FF
; Use is restricted by outer MIME object (UTF-8 preferred)
QSAFE-CHAR = WSP / %x21 / %x23-7E / NON-ASCII
; Any character except CTLs, DQUOTE
SAFE-CHAR = WSP / %x21 / %x23-2B / %x2D-39 / %x3C-7E / NON-ASCII
; Any character except CTLs, DQUOTE, ";", ":", ","
VALUE-CHAR = WSP / VCHAR / NON-ASCII
; Any textual character
;*******************************************
; vCard Type Definition
;
; Provides type-specific definitions for how the
; "value" and "param" are defined.
;*******************************************
; **** NAME ****
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
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value = text-value
; **** KIND ****
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
value = kind-value
kind-value = "individual" / "group" / "org" / x-name / iana-token
; **** PROFILE ****
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
value = text-value
; Value MUST be the case insensitive value "VCARD
; **** SOURCE ****
param = source-param
; Only source parameters allowed
value = uri
source-param = ("VALUE" "=" "uri")
/ (x-name "=" *SAFE-CHAR)
; **** FN ****
;This type MUST be included in a vCard object.
param = text-param
; Text parameters allowed
value = text-value
; **** N ****
param = text-param
; Text parameters allowed
value = n-value
n-value = 0*3(text-value *("," text-value) ";")
text-value *("," text-value)
; Surname; Given Names; Prefix; Suffix.
; **** NICKNAME ****
param = text-param / pid-param
; Text parameters allowed
value = text-value-list
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; **** PHOTO ****
param = pid-param / img-inline-param / img-refer-param
value = img-inline-value
; Value and parameter MUST match
value =/ img-refer-value
; Value and parameter MUST match
; **** BDAY ****
param = ("VALUE" "=" "date")
; Only value parameter allowed
param =/ ("VALUE" "=" "date-time")
; Only value parameter allowed
value = date-value
; Value MUST match value type
value =/ date-time-value
; Value MUST match value type
; **** ADR ****
param = text-param / pref-param / pid-param
value = adr-value
; **** LABEL ****
param = text-param / pref-param / pid-param
value = text-value
; **** TEL ****
param = pref-param / tel-param / pid-param
; Only tel parameters allowed
value = uri-value
tel-param = "TYPE" "=" tel-type *("," tel-type)
tel-type = "VOICE" / "FAX" / "CELL" / "PAGER"
/ "VIDEO" / "TEXT" / iana-token / x-name
; Values are case insensitive
; **** EMAIL ****
param = pref-param / pid-param
value = text-value
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; **** TZ ****
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
value = utc-offset-value
; **** GEO ****
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
value = float-value ";" float-value
; **** TITLE ****
param = text-param / pid-param
; Only text parameters allowed
value = text-value
; **** ROLE ****
param = text-param / pid-param
; Only text parameters allowed
value = text-value
; **** LOGO ****
param = pid-param / img-inline-param / img-refer-param
value = img-inline-value / img-refer-value
; Value and parameter MUST match
; **** ORG ****
param = text-param / pid-param
; Only text parameters allowed
value = org-value
org-value = *(text-value ";") text-value
; First is Organization Name, remainder are Organization Units.
; **** MEMBER ****
param = pid-param
value = uri
; Any valid URI scheme
; **** RELATED ****
param = ("TYPE" "=" related-type) / pid-param
; Value is case insensitive
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value = uri
; Any valid URI scheme
related-type = "parent" / "child" / "sibling" / "manager"
/ "assistant" / iana-token / "X-" word
; Values are case insensitive
; **** CATEGORIES ****
param = text-param / pid-param
; Only text parameters allowed
value = text-value-list
; **** NOTE ****
param = text-param / pid-param
; Only text parameters allowed
value = text-value
; **** PRODID ****
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
value = text-value
; **** REV ****
param = ["VALUE" "=" "date-time"]
; Only value parameters allowed. Values are case insensitive.
param =/ "VALUE" "=" "date"
; Only value parameters allowed. Values are case insensitive.
value = date-time-value
value =/ date-value
; **** SORT-STRING ****
param = text-param
; Only text parameters allowed
value = text-value
; **** SOUND ****
param = snd-inline-param / snd-refer-param / pid-param
value = snd-line-value
; Value MUST match value type
value =/ snd-refer-value
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; Value MUST match value type
snd-inline-value = binary-value CRLF
; Value MUST be "b" encoded audio content
snd-inline-param = ("VALUE" "=" "binary")
/ ("ENCODING" "=" "b")
/ ("TYPE" "=" *SAFE-CHAR)
; Value MUST be an IANA registered audio type
snd-refer-value = uri
; URI MUST refer to audio content of given type
snd-refer-param = ("VALUE" "=" "uri")
/ ("TYPE" "=" word)
; Value MUST be an IANA registered audio type
; **** UID ****
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
value = uri
; **** URL ****
param = pid-param
value = uri
; **** VERSION ****
;This type MUST be included in a vCard object.
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
value = text-value
; Value MUST be "4.0"
; **** CLASS ****
param = ""
; No parameters allowed
value = "PUBLIC" / "PRIVATE" / "CONFIDENTIAL"
/ iana-token / x-name
; Value are case insensitive
; **** KEY ****
param = key-txt-param / key-bin-param / pid-param
value = text-value
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value =/ binary-value
key-txt-param = "TYPE" "=" keytype
key-bin-param = ("TYPE" "=" keytype)
/ ("ENCODING" "=" "b")
; Value MUST be a "b" encoded key or certificate
keytype = param-value
; Type MUST be a media type as defined in RFC 4288
; **** X- **** non-standard type
param = text-param / (x-name "=" param-value)
; Only text or non-standard parameters allowed
value = text-value
;*******************************************
; vCard Commonly Used Parameter Definition
;*******************************************
text-param = ("VALUE" "=" "ptext")
/ ("LANGUAGE" "=" langval)
/ (x-name "=" param-value)
langval = <a language string as defined in [RFC4646]>
pref-param = "PREF"
pid-param = ("PID" "=" pid-value *("," pid-value))
pid-value = 1*DIGIT
img-inline-value = binary-value
;Value MUST be "b" encoded image content
img-inline-param
img-inline-param = ("VALUE" "=" "binary")
/ ("ENCODING" "=" "b")
/ ("TYPE" "=" param-value)
;TYPE value MUST be an image media type as defined in RFC 4288
img-refer-value = uri
;URI MUST refer to image content of given type
img-refer-param = ("VALUE" "=" "uri")
/ ("TYPE" "=" param-value)
;TYPE value MUST be an image media type as defined in RFC 4288
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adr-value = 0*6(text-value ";") text-value
; PO Box, Extended Address, Street, Locality, Region, Postal
; Code, Country Name
;*******************************************
; vCard Type Value Definition
;*******************************************
text-value-list = 1*text-value *("," 1*text-value)
text-value = *(SAFE-CHAR / ":" / DQUOTE / ESCAPED-CHAR)
ESCAPED-CHAR = "\\" / "\;" / "\," / "\n" / "\N"
; \\ encodes \, \n or \N encodes newline
; \; encodes ;, \, encodes ,
binary-value = <A "b" encoded text value as defined in [RFC2047]>
date-value = <A single date value as defined in [RFC2425]>
time-value = <A single time value as defined in [RFC2425]>
date-time-value = <A single date-time value as defined in [RFC2425]>
float-value = <A single float value as defined in [RFC2425]>
phone-number-value = phone-prefix 1*(SP 1*DIGIT) [phone-ext]
phone-prefix = "+" 1*DIGIT / "(" 1*DIGIT ")"
phone-ext = "ext." 1*DIGIT
uri-value = <A uri value as defined in [RFC2425]>
utc-offset-value = ("+" / "-") time-hour ":" time-minute
time-hour = 2DIGIT ;00-23
time-minute = 2DIGIT ;00-59
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10. Example: Authors' vCards
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
FN:Simon Perreault
N:Perreault;Simon;;ing. jr.,M.Sc.
BDAY:1983-02-03
GENDER:M
WORK.ORG:Viagenie
WORK.ADR:;;2600 boul. Laurier\, suite 625;
Quebec;QC;G1V 4W1;Canada
WORK.TEL;TYPE=voice;PREF:tel:+1-418-656-9254;ext=102
WORK.TEL;TYPE=cell,voice,video,text:tel:+1-418-262-6501
WORK.TEL;TYPE=fax:tel:+1-418-656-9257
WORK.EMAIL;TYPE=internet:simon.perreault@viagenie.ca
WORK.GEO:46.772673,-71.282945
WORK.KEY;VALUE=uri:http://www.viagenie.ca/simon.perreault/simon.asc
CLASS:PUBLIC
END:VCARD
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
FN:Pete Resnick
N:Resnick;Pete;;
GENDER:M
WORK.ORG:QUALCOMM Incorporated
WORK.ADR:;;5775 Morehouse Drive;San Diego;CA;92121-1714;US
WORK.TEL;TYPE=voice:tel:+1-858-651-4478
WORK.EMAIL;TYPE=internet:presnick@qualcomm.com
WORK.URL:http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/
END:VCARD
11. Security Considerations
o Internet mail is subject to many well known security attacks,
including monitoring, replay, and forgery. Care should be taken
by any directory service in allowing information to leave the
scope of the service itself, where any access controls can no
longer be guaranteed. Applications should also take care to
display directory data in a "safe" environment (e.g., PostScript-
valued types).
o vCards can carry cryptographic keys or certificates, as described
in Section 7.8.2.
o Section 7.8.1 specifies a desired security classification policy
for a particular vCard. That policy is not enforced in any way.
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o The vCard objects have no inherent authentication or privacy, but
can easily be carried by any security mechanism that transfers
MIME objects with authentication or privacy. In cases where
threats of "spoofed" vCard information is a concern, the vCard
SHOULD BE transported using one of these secure mechanisms.
o The information in a vCard may become out of date. In cases where
the vitality of data is important to an originator of a vCard, the
"URL" type described in Section 7.7.8 SHOULD BE specified. In
addition, the "REV" type described in section Section 7.7.4 can be
specified to indicate the last time that the vCard data was
updated.
12. IANA Considerations
12.1. Registering New vCard Elements
This section defines the process for registering new or modified
vCard elements (i.e. properties, parameters, value data types, and
values) with IANA.
12.1.1. Registration Procedure
The IETF will create a mailing list, vcard@ietf.org [1], which can be
used for public discussion of vCard element proposals prior to
registration. Use of the mailing list is strongly encouraged. The
IESG will appoint a designated expert who will monitor the
vcard@ietf.org [1] mailing list and review registrations.
Registration of new vCard elements MUST be reviewed by the designated
expert and published in an RFC. A Standard Tracks RFC is REQUIRED
for the regisration of new value data types that modify existing
properties. A Standard Tracks RFC is also REQUIRED for registration
of vCard elements that modify vCard elements previously documented in
a Standard Tracks RFC.
The registration procedure begins when a completed registration
template, defined in the sections below, is sent to
vcard@ietf.org [1] and iana@iana.org [2]. The designated expert is
expected to tell IANA and the submitter of the registration within
two weeks whether the registration is approved, approved with minor
changes, or rejected with cause. When a registration is rejected
with cause, it can be re-submitted if the concerns listed in the
cause are addressed. Decisions made by the designated expert can be
appealed to the IESG Applications Area Director, then to the IESG.
They follow the normal appeals procedure for IESG decisions.
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12.1.2. Vendor Namespace
The vendor namespace is used for vCard elements associated with
commercially available products. "Vendor" or "producer" are
construed as equivalent and very broadly in this context.
A registration may be placed in the vendor namespace by anyone who
needs to interchange files associated with the particular product.
However, the registration formally belongs to the vendor or
organization handling the vCard elements in the namespace being
registered. Changes to the specification will be made at their
request, as discussed in subsequent sections.
vCard elements belonging to the vendor namespace will be
distinguished by the "VND-" prefix. That may be followed, at the
discretion of the registrant, by either a vCard element name from a
well-known producer (e.g., "VND-MUDPIE") or by an IANA-approved
designation of the producer's name that is followed by a vCard
element designation (e.g., "VND-BIGCOMPANY-MUDPIE").
While public exposure and review of vCard elements to be registered
in the vendor namespace is not required, using the vcard@ietf.org [1]
mailing list for review is strongly encouraged to improve the quality
of those specifications. Registrations in the vendor namespace may
be submitted directly to the IANA.
12.1.3. Registration Template for Groups
A group is defined by completing the following template.
Group name: The name of the group.
Purpose: The purpose of the group. Give a short but clear
description.
Description: Any special notes about the group, how it is to be
used, etc.
Example(s): One or more examples of instances of the value type
needs to be specified.
12.1.4. Registration Template for Properties
A property is defined by completing the following template.
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Property name: The name of the property.
Purpose: The purpose of the property. Give a short but clear
description.
Value type: Any of the valid value types for the property value
needs to be specified. The default value type also needs to be
specified.
Property parameters: Any of the valid property parameters for the
property MUST be specified.
Description: Any special notes about the property, how it is to be
used, etc.
Format definition: The ABNF for the property definition needs to be
specified.
Example(s): One or more examples of instances of the property needs
to be specified.
12.1.5. Registration Template for Parameters
A parameter is defined by completing the following template.
Parameter name: The name of the parameter.
Purpose: The purpose of the parameter. Give a short but clear
description.
Description: Any special notes about the parameter, how it is to be
used, etc.
Format definition: The ABNF for the parameter definition needs to be
specified.
Example(s): One or more examples of instances of the parameter needs
to be specified.
12.1.6. Registration Template for Value Data Types
A value data type is defined by completing the following template.
Value name: The name of the value type.
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Purpose: The purpose of the value type. Give a short but clear
description.
Description: Any special notes about the value type, how it is to be
used, etc.
Format definition: The ABNF for the value type definition needs to
be specified.
Example(s): One or more examples of instances of the value type
needs to be specified.
12.1.7. Registration Template for Values
A value is defined by completing the following template.
Value: The value literal.
Purpose: The purpose of the value. Give a short but clear
description.
Conformance: The vCard properties and/or parameters that can take
this value needs to be specified.
Example(s): One or more examples of instances of the value needs to
be specified.
The following is a fictitious example of a registration of a vCard
value:
Value: TOP-SECRET
Purpose: This value is used to specify the access classification of
top-secret vCards.
Conformance: This value can be used with the "CLASS" property.
Example(s): The following is an example of this value used with the
"CLASS" property:
CLASS:TOP-SECRET
12.2. Initial vCard Elements Registries
The IANA is requested to create and maintain the following registries
for vCard elements with pointers to appropriate reference documents.
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12.2.1. Groups Registry
The following table is to be used to initialize the groups registry.
+------+--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+
| Goup | Description | Status | Reference |
+------+--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+
| WORK | Properties related to an | Current | RFCXXXX |
| | individual's work place. | | |
| HOME | Properties related to an | Current | RFCXXXX |
| | individual's home. | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+
12.2.2. Properties Registry
The following table is to be used to initialize the properties
registry.
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+-------------+---------+------------------------+
| Property | Status | Reference |
+-------------+---------+------------------------+
| SOURCE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.3 |
| NAME | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.4 |
| KIND | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.5 |
| FN | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.1 |
| N | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.2 |
| NICKNAME | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.3 |
| PHOTO | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.4 |
| BDAY | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.5 |
| DDAY | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.6 |
| BIRTH | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.7 |
| DEATH | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.8 |
| GENDER | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.9 |
| ADR | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.3.1 |
| LABEL | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.3.2 |
| TEL | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.4.1 |
| EMAIL | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.4.2 |
| IMPP | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.4.3 |
| LANG | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.4.4 |
| TZ | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.5.1 |
| GEO | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.5.2 |
| TITLE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.6.1 |
| ROLE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.6.2 |
| LOGO | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.6.3 |
| ORG | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.6.4 |
| MEMBER | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.6.5 |
| RELATED | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.6.6 |
| CATEGORIES | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.1 |
| NOTE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.2 |
| PRODID | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.3 |
| REV | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.4 |
| SORT-STRING | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.5 |
| SOUND | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.6 |
| UID | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.7 |
| URL | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.8 |
| VERSION | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.7.9 |
| CLASS | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.8.1 |
| KEY | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.8.2 |
| FBURL | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.9.1 |
| CALADRURI | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.9.2 |
| CALURI | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.9.3 |
+-------------+---------+------------------------+
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12.2.3. Parameters Registry
The following table is to be used to initialize the parameters
registry.
+-----------+---------+----------------------+
| Parameter | Status | Reference |
+-----------+---------+----------------------+
| LANGUAGE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 6.1 |
| ENCODING | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 6.2 |
| VALUE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 6.3 |
| PID | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 6.4 |
| TYPE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 6.5 |
+-----------+---------+----------------------+
12.2.4. Value Data Types Registry
The following table is to be used to initialize the parameters
registry.
+-----------------+---------+----------------------+
| Value Data Type | Status | Reference |
+-----------------+---------+----------------------+
| BINARY | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.7 |
| BOOLEAN | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.4 |
| DATE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.3 |
| TIME | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.3 |
| DATE-TIME | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.3 |
| FLOAT | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.6 |
| INTEGER | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.5 |
| TEXT | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.1 |
| URI | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 5.2 |
+-----------------+---------+----------------------+
12.2.5. Values Registries
Separate tables will be used for property and parameter values.
The following table is to be used to initialize the property values
registry.
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+----------+--------------+---------+------------------------+
| Property | Value | Status | Reference |
+----------+--------------+---------+------------------------+
| BEGIN | VCARD | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.1 |
| END | VCARD | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.2 |
| KIND | individual | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.5 |
| KIND | group | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.5 |
| KIND | org | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.5 |
| KIND | location | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.1.5 |
| GENDER | M | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.9 |
| GENDER | F | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.2.9 |
| CLASS | PUBLIC | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.8.1 |
| CLASS | PRIVATE | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.8.1 |
| CLASS | CONFIDENTIAL | Current | RFCXXXX, Section 7.8.1 |
+----------+--------------+---------+------------------------+
The following table is to be used to initialize the parameter values
registry.
+----------+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------+
| Property | Parameter | Value | Status | Reference |
+----------+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------+
| TEL | TYPE | text | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.4.1 |
| TEL | TYPE | voice | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.4.1 |
| TEL | TYPE | fax | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.4.1 |
| TEL | TYPE | cell | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.4.1 |
| TEL | TYPE | video | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.4.1 |
| TEL | TYPE | pager | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.4.1 |
| RELATED | TYPE | parent | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.6.6 |
| RELATED | TYPE | child | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.6.6 |
| RELATED | TYPE | sibling | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.6.6 |
| RELATED | TYPE | manager | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.6.6 |
| RELATED | TYPE | assistant | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.6.6 |
| RELATED | TYPE | agent | Current | RFCXXXX, |
| | | | | Section 7.6.6 |
+----------+-----------+-----------+---------+----------------------+
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13. Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Frank Dawson and Tim Howes, the
original authors of [RFC2425] and [RFC2426], as well as the following
individuals who have participated in the drafting, review and
discussion of this memo:
Marc Blanchet, Stephane Bortzmeyer, Dan Brickley, Chris Bryant, Dany
Cauchie, Darryl Champagne, Cyrus Daboo, Lisa Dusseault, Javier Godoy,
Helge Hess, Alexander Mayrhofer, Chris Newman, Mark Paterson, Julian
Reschke, Peter K. Sheerin, Anil Srivastava, and Kurt Zeilenga.
14. References
14.1. Normative References
[CCITT.E163.1988] International Telephone and Telegraph
Consultative Committee, "Numbering Plan for
the International Telephone Service",
CCITT Recommendation E.163, 1988.
[CCITT.X121.1988] International Telephone and Telegraph
Consultative Committee, "International
Numbering Plan for the Public Data Networks",
CCITT Recommendation X.121, 1988.
[CCITT.X520.1988] International International Telephone and
Telegraph Consultative Committee,
"Information Technology - Open Systems
Interconnection - The Directory: Selected
Attribute Types", CCITT Recommendation X.520,
November 1988.
[CCITT.X521.1988] International International Telephone and
Telegraph Consultative Committee,
"Information Technology - Open Systems
Interconnection - The Directory: Selected
Object Classes", CCITT Recommendation X.521,
November 1988.
[ISO.8601.1988] International Organization for
Standardization, "Data elements and
interchange formats - Information interchange
- Representation of dates and times",
ISO Standard 8601, June 1988.
[RFC2046] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose
Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two:
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Media Types", RFC 2046, November 1996.
[RFC2047] Moore, K., "MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions) Part Three: Message Header
Extensions for Non-ASCII Text", RFC 2047,
November 1996.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to
Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14,
RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC2425] Howes, T., Smith, M., and F. Dawson, "A MIME
Content-Type for Directory Information",
RFC 2425, September 1998.
[RFC2426] Dawson, F. and T. Howes, "vCard MIME
Directory Profile", RFC 2426, September 1998.
[RFC2616] Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk,
H., Masinter, L., Leach, P., and T. Berners-
Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol --
HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999.
[RFC2739] Small, T., Hennessy, D., and F. Dawson,
"Calendar Attributes for vCard and LDAP",
RFC 2739, January 2000.
[RFC2822] Resnick, P., "Internet Message Format",
RFC 2822, April 2001.
[RFC2978] Freed, N. and J. Postel, "IANA Charset
Registration Procedures", BCP 19, RFC 2978,
October 2000.
[RFC3629] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format
of ISO 10646", STD 63, RFC 3629,
November 2003.
[RFC3966] Schulzrinne, H., "The tel URI for Telephone
Numbers", RFC 3966, December 2004.
[RFC3986] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L.
Masinter, "Uniform Resource Identifier (URI):
Generic Syntax", STD 66, RFC 3986,
January 2005.
[RFC4122] Leach, P., Mealling, M., and R. Salz, "A
Universally Unique IDentifier (UUID) URN
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Namespace", RFC 4122, July 2005.
[RFC4288] Freed, N. and J. Klensin, "Media Type
Specifications and Registration Procedures",
BCP 13, RFC 4288, December 2005.
[RFC4646] Phillips, A. and M. Davis, "Tags for
Identifying Languages", BCP 47, RFC 4646,
September 2006.
[RFC4770] Jennings, C. and J. Reschke, Ed., "vCard
Extensions for Instant Messaging (IM)",
RFC 4770, January 2007.
[RFC5234] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF
for Syntax Specifications: ABNF", STD 68,
RFC 5234, January 2008.
[oldreference_UNICODE] The International Organization for
Standardization, "The Unicode Standard -
Version 2.0", The Unicode Consortium",
July 1996.
[oldreference_VCARD] Internet Mail Consortium, "vCard - The
Electronic Business Card Version 2.1",
September September.
14.2. Informative References
[ISO9070] The International Organization for
Standardization, "ISO 9070, Information
Processing - SGML support facilities -
Registration Procedures for Public Text Owner
Identifiers", April 1991.
[RFC3406] Daigle, L., van Gulik, D., Iannella, R., and
P. Faltstrom, "Uniform Resource Names (URN)
Namespace Definition Mechanisms", BCP 66,
RFC 3406, October 2002.
[WGS84] National Imagery and Mapping Agency,
"Department of Defense World Geodetic System
1984, Third Edition", NIMA TR8350.2,
January 2000.
URIs
[1] <mailto:vcard@ietf.org>
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[2] <mailto:iana@iana.org>
Appendix A. Differences from RFCs 2425 and 2426
This appendix contains a list of changes that have been made in the
vCard specification from RFCs 2425 and 2426.
A.1. New Structure
o [RFC2425] and [RFC2426] have been merged. Initially [RFC2425] was
intended to be extensible but only 2426 ever extended it.
o vCard is now not only a MIME type but a stand-alone format.
o A proper MIME type registration form has been included.
o UTF-8 is now the default character set.
o New vCard elements can be registered from IANA.
A.2. Removed Features
o The group construct (i.e. GROUP.PROPERTY:...) no longer exists.
o The CONTEXT and CHARSET parameters are no more.
o The MAILER property is no more.
o The "intl", "dom", "postal", and "parcel" TYPE parameter values
for the ADR and LABEL properties have been removed.
o Inline vCards (such as the value of the AGENT property) are no
longer supported.
o In the N property, additional names are now subsumed into the
given names list.
A.3. New Properties and Parameters
o The KIND, GENDER, LANG, DDAY, BIRTH, and DEATH properties have
been added.
o [RFC2739], which defines the FBURL, CALADRURI, CAPURI, and CALURI
properties, has been merged in.
o [RFC4770], which defines the IMPP property, has been merged in.
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o The "work", "home", and "uri" TYPE parameter values for the EMAIL
property have been added.
A.4. Other Changes
o Synchronization is addressed in Section 8.
o The N property is no longer mandatory.
o The value of TEL is now a URI.
o The AGENT property was replaced with a type of RELATED.
Appendix B. Change Log (to be removed by RFC Editor prior to
publication)
B.1. Changes in -05
o Added multi PID value proposal.
B.2. Changes in -04
o Added "location" value for KIND property.
o Some fixes to ABNF.
o Moved "pref" from being a TYPE value to a parameter in its own
right.
o Removed the "work" and "home" TYPE values.
o Reintroduced the group construct.
o Assigned meaning to WORK and HOME groups.
o Restricted the TEL TYPE parameter value set.
o In N property, removed additional names, and replaced with
multiple given names.
o Removed TYPE parameter from EMAIL and IMPP properties.
o Replaced AGENT with a type of RELATED.
o Use example.org domain in URL example.
o Created initial IANA table of values.
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o Defined meaning of PUBLIC, PRIVATE, CONFIDENTIAL.
B.3. Changes in -03
o Various changes to the synchronization mechanisms.
o Allowed truncated format for dated. See issue #236.
B.4. Changes in -02
o Removed useless text in IMPP description.
o Added CalDAV-SCHED example to CALADRURI.
o Removed CAPURI property.
o Dashes in dates and colons in times are now mandatory.
o Allow for dates such as 2008 and 2008-05 and times such as 07 and
07:54.
o Removed inline vCard value.
o Made AGENT only accept URI references instead of inline vCards.
o Added the MEMBER property.
o Renamed the UID parameter to PID.
o Changed the value type of the PID parameter to "a small integer."
o Changed the presence of UID and PID when synchronization is to be
used from MUST to SHOULD.
o Added the RELATED (Section 7.6.6) property.
o Fixed many ABNF typos (issue #252).
o Changed formatting of ABNF comments to make them easier to read
(issue #226).
B.5. Changes in -01
o Merged [RFC2739] in.
o Converted all foobar.com, abc.com, etc. to example.com.
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o Fixed bugs in ABNF.
o Made explicit that coordinates in the GEO property are expressed
in the WGS 84 reference system.
o Clarified folding issues with multi-byte characters.
o Made the value of TEL a URI.
o Added the UID parameter.
o Made the UID property's value type a URI.
o Added Section 8.
o Created IANA process for registering new parameters, value types,
and properties.
o Created the initial IANA registries.
o Created vendor namespace based on text from RFC 4288.
B.6. Changes in -00
o Name change because draft has been accepted as WG item.
Otherwise, same as draft-resnick-vcarddav-vcardrev-01.
o Removed reference to RFC 2234.
o Fixed errata from
http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?rfc=2426.
o Removed passage referring to RFC 2425 profiles.
o Renamed Section 7.4 from "Telecommunications Adressing Properties"
to "Communications Properties.
o Added Appendix A and Appendix B.
o Added reference to [RFC4770].
o Removed the group construct.
o Made the N property no longer mandatory.
o Added the KIND property.
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o Clarified meaning of TYPE parameter value for PHOTO, LOGO, KEY,
and SOUND.
o Removed the CONTEXT parameter.
o Removed the MAILER property.
o Made reference to [ISO9070] informative.
o Removed "intl", "dom", "postal", and "parcel" TYPE parameter
values for the ADR and LABEL properties.
o Clarified meaning of "extended address" ADR field.
o Mentioned [RFC3406] as another method of generating PRODID values.
o Updated obsolete references.
o Allowed BDAY and DDAY value types to be text values for fuzzy
dates.
o Removed the CHARSET property. Now the encoding is always UTF-8,
except when overridden by the Content-Type (which is considered a
compatibility feature).
Authors' Addresses
Simon Perreault
Viagenie
2600 boul. Laurier, suite 625
Quebec, QC G1V 4W1
Canada
Phone: +1 418 656 9254
EMail: simon.perreault@viagenie.ca
URI: http://www.viagenie.ca
Peter W. Resnick
QUALCOMM Incorporated
5775 Morehouse Drive
San Diego, CA 92121-1714
US
Phone: +1 858 651 4478
EMail: presnick@qualcomm.com
URI: http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/
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Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008).
This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
retain all their rights.
This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
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Acknowledgement
This document was produced using xml2rfc v1.33 (of
http://xml.resource.org/) from a source in RFC-2629 XML format.
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