package bolt

import (
	"fmt"
	"sort"
	"unsafe"
)

// freelist represents a list of all pages that are available for allocation.
// It also tracks pages that have been freed but are still in use by open transactions.
type freelist struct {
	ids     []pgid          // all free and available free page ids.
	pending map[txid][]pgid // mapping of soon-to-be free page ids by tx.
	cache   map[pgid]bool   // fast lookup of all free and pending page ids.
}

// newFreelist returns an empty, initialized freelist.
func newFreelist() *freelist {
	return &freelist{
		pending: make(map[txid][]pgid),
		cache:   make(map[pgid]bool),
	}
}

// size returns the size of the page after serialization.
func (f *freelist) size() int {
	return pageHeaderSize + (int(unsafe.Sizeof(pgid(0))) * f.count())
}

// count returns count of pages on the freelist
func (f *freelist) count() int {
	return f.free_count() + f.pending_count()
}

// free_count returns count of free pages
func (f *freelist) free_count() int {
	return len(f.ids)
}

// pending_count returns count of pending pages
func (f *freelist) pending_count() int {
	var count int
	for _, list := range f.pending {
		count += len(list)
	}
	return count
}

// all returns a list of all free ids and all pending ids in one sorted list.
func (f *freelist) all() []pgid {
	ids := make([]pgid, len(f.ids))
	copy(ids, f.ids)

	for _, list := range f.pending {
		ids = append(ids, list...)
	}

	sort.Sort(pgids(ids))
	return ids
}

// allocate returns the starting page id of a contiguous list of pages of a given size.
// If a contiguous block cannot be found then 0 is returned.
func (f *freelist) allocate(n int) pgid {
	if len(f.ids) == 0 {
		return 0
	}

	var initial, previd pgid
	for i, id := range f.ids {
		if id <= 1 {
			panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid page allocation: %d", id))
		}

		// Reset initial page if this is not contiguous.
		if previd == 0 || id-previd != 1 {
			initial = id
		}

		// If we found a contiguous block then remove it and return it.
		if (id-initial)+1 == pgid(n) {
			// If we're allocating off the beginning then take the fast path
			// and just adjust the existing slice. This will use extra memory
			// temporarily but the append() in free() will realloc the slice
			// as is necessary.
			if (i + 1) == n {
				f.ids = f.ids[i+1:]
			} else {
				copy(f.ids[i-n+1:], f.ids[i+1:])
				f.ids = f.ids[:len(f.ids)-n]
			}

			// Remove from the free cache.
			for i := pgid(0); i < pgid(n); i++ {
				delete(f.cache, initial+i)
			}

			return initial
		}

		previd = id
	}
	return 0
}

// free releases a page and its overflow for a given transaction id.
// If the page is already free then a panic will occur.
func (f *freelist) free(txid txid, p *page) {
	if p.id <= 1 {
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("cannot free page 0 or 1: %d", p.id))
	}

	// Free page and all its overflow pages.
	var ids = f.pending[txid]
	for id := p.id; id <= p.id+pgid(p.overflow); id++ {
		// Verify that page is not already free.
		if f.cache[id] {
			panic(fmt.Sprintf("page %d already freed", id))
		}

		// Add to the freelist and cache.
		ids = append(ids, id)
		f.cache[id] = true
	}
	f.pending[txid] = ids
}

// release moves all page ids for a transaction id (or older) to the freelist.
func (f *freelist) release(txid txid) {
	for tid, ids := range f.pending {
		if tid <= txid {
			// Move transaction's pending pages to the available freelist.
			// Don't remove from the cache since the page is still free.
			f.ids = append(f.ids, ids...)
			delete(f.pending, tid)
		}
	}
	sort.Sort(pgids(f.ids))
}

// rollback removes the pages from a given pending tx.
func (f *freelist) rollback(txid txid) {
	// Remove page ids from cache.
	for _, id := range f.pending[txid] {
		delete(f.cache, id)
	}

	// Remove pages from pending list.
	delete(f.pending, txid)
}

// freed returns whether a given page is in the free list.
func (f *freelist) freed(pgid pgid) bool {
	return f.cache[pgid]
}

// read initializes the freelist from a freelist page.
func (f *freelist) read(p *page) {
	// If the page.count is at the max uint16 value (64k) then it's considered
	// an overflow and the size of the freelist is stored as the first element.
	idx, count := 0, int(p.count)
	if count == 0xFFFF {
		idx = 1
		count = int(((*[maxAllocSize]pgid)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.ptr)))[0])
	}

	// Copy the list of page ids from the freelist.
	ids := ((*[maxAllocSize]pgid)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.ptr)))[idx:count]
	f.ids = make([]pgid, len(ids))
	copy(f.ids, ids)

	// Make sure they're sorted.
	sort.Sort(pgids(f.ids))

	// Rebuild the page cache.
	f.reindex()
}

// write writes the page ids onto a freelist page. All free and pending ids are
// saved to disk since in the event of a program crash, all pending ids will
// become free.
func (f *freelist) write(p *page) error {
	// Combine the old free pgids and pgids waiting on an open transaction.
	ids := f.all()

	// Update the header flag.
	p.flags |= freelistPageFlag

	// The page.count can only hold up to 64k elements so if we overflow that
	// number then we handle it by putting the size in the first element.
	if len(ids) < 0xFFFF {
		p.count = uint16(len(ids))
		copy(((*[maxAllocSize]pgid)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.ptr)))[:], ids)
	} else {
		p.count = 0xFFFF
		((*[maxAllocSize]pgid)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.ptr)))[0] = pgid(len(ids))
		copy(((*[maxAllocSize]pgid)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.ptr)))[1:], ids)
	}

	return nil
}

// reload reads the freelist from a page and filters out pending items.
func (f *freelist) reload(p *page) {
	f.read(p)

	// Build a cache of only pending pages.
	pcache := make(map[pgid]bool)
	for _, pendingIDs := range f.pending {
		for _, pendingID := range pendingIDs {
			pcache[pendingID] = true
		}
	}

	// Check each page in the freelist and build a new available freelist
	// with any pages not in the pending lists.
	var a []pgid
	for _, id := range f.ids {
		if !pcache[id] {
			a = append(a, id)
		}
	}
	f.ids = a

	// Once the available list is rebuilt then rebuild the free cache so that
	// it includes the available and pending free pages.
	f.reindex()
}

// reindex rebuilds the free cache based on available and pending free lists.
func (f *freelist) reindex() {
	f.cache = make(map[pgid]bool)
	for _, id := range f.ids {
		f.cache[id] = true
	}
	for _, pendingIDs := range f.pending {
		for _, pendingID := range pendingIDs {
			f.cache[pendingID] = true
		}
	}
}