api: implement fernet encryption of pagination tokens

Godeps/Godeps.json

@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@
 			"ImportPath": "github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew",
 			"Rev": "5215b55f46b2b919f50a1df0eaa5886afe4e3b3d"
 		},
+		{
+			"ImportPath": "github.com/fernet/fernet-go",
+			"Rev": "1b2437bc582b3cfbb341ee5a29f8ef5b42912ff2"
+		},
 		{
 			"ImportPath": "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql",
 			"Comment": "v1.2-125-gd512f20",

api/context/context.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
 
+	"github.com/coreos/clair/config"
 	"github.com/coreos/clair/database"
 	"github.com/coreos/clair/utils"
 )
@@ -59,4 +60,5 @@ func HTTPHandler(handler Handler, ctx *RouteContext) httprouter.Handle {
 
 type RouteContext struct {
 	Store  database.Datastore
+	Config *config.APIConfig
 }

api/v1/models.go

@@ -15,13 +15,20 @@
 package v1
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/coreos/clair/database"
 	"github.com/coreos/clair/utils/types"
+	"github.com/coreos/pkg/capnslog"
+	"github.com/fernet/fernet-go"
 )
 
+var log = capnslog.NewPackageLogger("github.com/coreos/clair", "v1")
+
 type Error struct {
 	Message string `json:"Layer`
 }
@@ -187,10 +194,9 @@ type Notification struct {
 	NextPage string                   `json:"NextPage,omitempty"`
 	Old      *VulnerabilityWithLayers `json:"Old,omitempty"`
 	New      *VulnerabilityWithLayers `json:"New,omitempty"`
-	Changed  []string                 `json:"Changed,omitempty"`
 }
 
-func NotificationFromDatabaseModel(dbNotification database.VulnerabilityNotification, limit int, page, nextPage database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber) Notification {
+func NotificationFromDatabaseModel(dbNotification database.VulnerabilityNotification, limit int, page, nextPage database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber, key string) Notification {
 	var oldVuln *VulnerabilityWithLayers
 	if dbNotification.OldVulnerability != nil {
 		v := VulnerabilityWithLayersFromDatabaseModel(*dbNotification.OldVulnerability)
@@ -205,7 +211,7 @@ func NotificationFromDatabaseModel(dbNotification database.VulnerabilityNotifica
 
 	var nextPageStr string
 	if nextPage != database.NoVulnerabilityNotificationPage {
-		nextPageStr = DBPageNumberToString(nextPage)
+		nextPageStr = pageNumberToToken(nextPage, key)
 	}
 
 	var created, notified, deleted string
@@ -227,7 +233,7 @@ func NotificationFromDatabaseModel(dbNotification database.VulnerabilityNotifica
 		Notified: notified,
 		Deleted:  deleted,
 		Limit:    limit,
-		Page:     DBPageNumberToString(page),
+		Page:     pageNumberToToken(page, key),
 		NextPage: nextPageStr,
 		Old:      oldVuln,
 		New:      newVuln,
@@ -279,14 +285,30 @@ type FeatureEnvelope struct {
 	Error    *Error     `json:"Error,omitempty"`
 }
 
-func pageStringToDBPageNumber(pageStr string) (database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber, error) {
+func tokenToPageNumber(token, key string) (database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber, error) {
-	// TODO(jzelinskie): turn pagination into an encrypted token
+	k, _ := fernet.DecodeKey(key)
-	var old, new int
+	msg := fernet.VerifyAndDecrypt([]byte(token), time.Hour, []*fernet.Key{k})
-	_, err := fmt.Sscanf(pageStr, "%d-%d", &old, &new)
+	if msg == nil {
-	return database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber{old, new}, err
+		return database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber{}, errors.New("invalid or expired pagination token")
+	}
+
+	page := database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber{}
+	err := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewBuffer(msg)).Decode(&page)
+	return page, err
 }
 
-func DBPageNumberToString(page database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber) string {
+func pageNumberToToken(page database.VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber, key string) string {
-	// TODO(jzelinskie): turn pagination into an encrypted token
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%d-%d", page.OldVulnerability, page.NewVulnerability)
+	err := json.NewEncoder(&buf).Encode(page)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("failed to encode VulnerabilityNotificationPageNumber")
+	}
+
+	k, _ := fernet.DecodeKey(key)
+	tokenBytes, err := fernet.EncryptAndSign(buf.Bytes(), k)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("failed to encrypt VulnerabilityNotificationpageNumber")
+	}
+
+	return string(tokenBytes)
 }

api/v1/routes.go

@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ func getNotification(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, p httprouter.Params
 	page := database.VulnerabilityNotificationFirstPage
 	pageStrs, pageExists := query["page"]
 	if pageExists {
-		page, err = pageStringToDBPageNumber(pageStrs[0])
+		page, err = tokenToPageNumber(pageStrs[0], ctx.Config.PaginationKey)
 		if err != nil {
 			writeResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, NotificationEnvelope{Error: &Error{"invalid page format: " + err.Error()}})
 			return getNotificationRoute, http.StatusBadRequest
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ func getNotification(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, p httprouter.Params
 		return getNotificationRoute, http.StatusInternalServerError
 	}
 
-	notification := NotificationFromDatabaseModel(dbNotification, limit, page, nextPage)
+	notification := NotificationFromDatabaseModel(dbNotification, limit, page, nextPage, ctx.Config.PaginationKey)
 
 	writeResponse(w, http.StatusOK, NotificationEnvelope{Notification: &notification})
 	return getNotificationRoute, http.StatusOK

clair.go

@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ func Boot(config *config.Config) {
 
 	// Start API
 	st.Begin()
-	go api.Run(config.API, &context.RouteContext{db}, st)
+	go api.Run(config.API, &context.RouteContext{db, config.API}, st)
 	st.Begin()
-	go api.RunHealth(config.API, &context.RouteContext{db}, st)
+	go api.RunHealth(config.API, &context.RouteContext{db, config.API}, st)
 
 	// Start updater
 	st.Begin()

config.example.yaml

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ api:
   healthport: 6061
   # Maximum time that API requests may take before they time-out with a HTTP 503 error.
   timeout: 900s
+  # 32-bit key used to encrypt pagination tokens
+  paginationKey: "2E9IgrgWLNb4gjuU0WbiBIudLH8xolz_qxFn--vxJP8="
   # Paths to certificates to secure the main API with TLS and client certificate auth.
   cafile:
   keyfile:

config/config.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/fernet/fernet-go"
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
 )
 
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ type APIConfig struct {
 	Port                      int
 	HealthPort                int
 	Timeout                   time.Duration
+	PaginationKey             string
 	CertFile, KeyFile, CAFile string
 }
 
@@ -96,5 +98,22 @@ func Load(path string) (config *Config, err error) {
 	}
 
 	err = yaml.Unmarshal(d, config)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if config.API.PaginationKey == "" {
+		var key fernet.Key
+		if err = key.Generate(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		config.API.PaginationKey = key.Encode()
+	} else {
+		_, err = fernet.DecodeKey(config.API.PaginationKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
 	return
 }

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/License

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright © 2013 Keith Rarick
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/Readme

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Fernet takes a user-provided *message* (an arbitrary sequence of
+bytes), a *key* (256 bits), and the current time, and produces a
+*token*, which contains the message in a form that can't be read
+or altered without the key.
+
+This package is compatible with the other implementations at
+https://github.com/fernet. They can exchange tokens freely among
+each other.
+
+Documentation: http://godoc.org/github.com/fernet/fernet-go
+
+
+INSTALL
+
+	$ go get github.com/fernet/fernet-go
+
+
+For more information and background, see the Fernet spec at
+https://github.com/fernet/spec.
+
+Fernet is distributed under the terms of the MIT license.
+See the License file for details.

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/cmd/fernet-keygen/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/fernet/fernet-go"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	log.SetFlags(0)
+	log.SetPrefix("fernet: ")
+
+	var key fernet.Key
+	if err := key.Generate(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println(key.Encode())
+}

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/cmd/fernet-sign/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/fernet/fernet-go"
+)
+
+const Usage = `Usage: fernet-sign ENV
+
+fernet-sign encrypts and signs its input and prints the resulting token.
+It uses the key in environment variable ENV.`
+
+func main() {
+	log.SetFlags(0)
+	log.SetPrefix("fernet: ")
+
+	if len(os.Args) != 2 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, Usage)
+		os.Exit(2)
+	}
+
+	key, err := fernet.DecodeKey(os.Getenv(os.Args[1]))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalln(err)
+	}
+
+	b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(os.Stdin)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalln(err)
+	}
+
+	t, err := fernet.EncryptAndSign(b, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalln(err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = os.Stdout.Write(append(t, '\n'))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalln(err)
+	}
+}

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/fernet.go

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+// Package fernet takes a user-provided message (an arbitrary
+// sequence of bytes), a key (256 bits), and the current time,
+// and produces a token, which contains the message in a form
+// that can't be read or altered without the key.
+//
+// For more information and background, see the Fernet spec
+// at https://github.com/fernet/spec.
+//
+// Subdirectories in this package provide command-line tools
+// for working with Fernet keys and tokens.
+package fernet
+
+import (
+	"crypto/aes"
+	"crypto/cipher"
+	"crypto/hmac"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"crypto/subtle"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"io"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	version      byte = 0x80
+	tsOffset          = 1
+	ivOffset          = tsOffset + 8
+	payOffset         = ivOffset + aes.BlockSize
+	overhead          = 1 + 8 + aes.BlockSize + sha256.Size // ver + ts + iv + hmac
+	maxClockSkew      = 60 * time.Second
+)
+
+var encoding = base64.URLEncoding
+
+// generates a token from msg, writes it into tok, and returns the
+// number of bytes generated, which is encodedLen(msg).
+// len(tok) must be >= encodedLen(len(msg))
+func gen(tok, msg, iv []byte, ts time.Time, k *Key) int {
+	tok[0] = version
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(tok[tsOffset:], uint64(ts.Unix()))
+	copy(tok[ivOffset:], iv)
+	p := tok[payOffset:]
+	n := pad(p, msg, aes.BlockSize)
+	bc, _ := aes.NewCipher(k.cryptBytes())
+	cipher.NewCBCEncrypter(bc, iv).CryptBlocks(p[:n], p[:n])
+	genhmac(p[n:n], tok[:payOffset+n], k.signBytes())
+	return payOffset + n + sha256.Size
+}
+
+// token length for input msg of length n, not including base64
+func encodedLen(n int) int {
+	const k = aes.BlockSize
+	return n/k*k + k + overhead
+}
+
+// max msg length for tok of length n, for binary token (no base64)
+// upper bound; not exact
+func decodedLen(n int) int {
+	return n - overhead
+}
+
+// if msg is nil, decrypts in place and returns a slice of tok.
+func verify(msg, tok []byte, ttl time.Duration, now time.Time, k *Key) []byte {
+	if len(tok) < 1 || tok[0] != version {
+		return nil
+	}
+	ts := time.Unix(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint64(tok[1:])), 0)
+	if ttl >= 0 && (now.After(ts.Add(ttl)) || ts.After(now.Add(maxClockSkew))) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	n := len(tok) - sha256.Size
+	var hmac [sha256.Size]byte
+	genhmac(hmac[:0], tok[:n], k.signBytes())
+	if subtle.ConstantTimeCompare(tok[n:], hmac[:]) != 1 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	pay := tok[payOffset : len(tok)-sha256.Size]
+	if len(pay)%aes.BlockSize != 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if msg != nil {
+		copy(msg, pay)
+		pay = msg
+	}
+	bc, _ := aes.NewCipher(k.cryptBytes())
+	iv := tok[9:][:aes.BlockSize]
+	cipher.NewCBCDecrypter(bc, iv).CryptBlocks(pay, pay)
+	return unpad(pay)
+}
+
+// Pads p to a multiple of k using PKCS #7 standard block padding.
+// See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5652#section-6.3.
+func pad(q, p []byte, k int) int {
+	n := len(p)/k*k + k
+	copy(q, p)
+	c := byte(n - len(p))
+	for i := len(p); i < n; i++ {
+		q[i] = c
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// Removes PKCS #7 standard block padding from p.
+// See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5652#section-6.3.
+// This function is the inverse of pad.
+// If the padding is not well-formed, unpad returns nil.
+func unpad(p []byte) []byte {
+	c := p[len(p)-1]
+	for i := len(p) - int(c); i < len(p); i++ {
+		if i < 0 || p[i] != c {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return p[:len(p)-int(c)]
+}
+
+func b64enc(src []byte) []byte {
+	dst := make([]byte, encoding.EncodedLen(len(src)))
+	encoding.Encode(dst, src)
+	return dst
+}
+
+func b64dec(src []byte) []byte {
+	dst := make([]byte, encoding.DecodedLen(len(src)))
+	n, err := encoding.Decode(dst, src)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return dst[:n]
+}
+
+func genhmac(q, p, k []byte) {
+	h := hmac.New(sha256.New, k)
+	h.Write(p)
+	h.Sum(q)
+}
+
+// EncryptAndSign encrypts and signs msg with key k and returns the resulting
+// fernet token. If msg contains text, the text should be encoded
+// with UTF-8 to follow fernet convention.
+func EncryptAndSign(msg []byte, k *Key) (tok []byte, err error) {
+	iv := make([]byte, aes.BlockSize)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	b := make([]byte, encodedLen(len(msg)))
+	n := gen(b, msg, iv, time.Now(), k)
+	tok = make([]byte, encoding.EncodedLen(n))
+	encoding.Encode(tok, b[:n])
+	return tok, nil
+}
+
+// VerifyAndDecrypt verifies that tok is a valid fernet token that was signed
+// with a key in k at most ttl time ago only if ttl is greater than zero.
+// Returns the message contained in tok if tok is valid, otherwise nil.
+func VerifyAndDecrypt(tok []byte, ttl time.Duration, k []*Key) (msg []byte) {
+	b := make([]byte, encoding.DecodedLen(len(tok)))
+	n, _ := encoding.Decode(b, tok)
+	for _, k1 := range k {
+		msg = verify(nil, b[:n], ttl, time.Now(), k1)
+		if msg != nil {
+			return msg
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/generate.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[
+  {
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6wAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0ODy021cpGVWKZ_eEwCGM4BLLF_5CV9dOPmrhuVUPgJobwOz7JcbmrR64jVmpU4IwqDA==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:00-07:00",
+    "iv": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
+    "src": "hello",
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  }
+]

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/invalid.json

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+[
+  {
+    "desc": "incorrect mac",
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6xAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0OD3HkMATM5lFqGaerZ-fWPAl1-szkFVzXTuGb4hR8AKtwcaX1YdykQUFBQUFBQUFBQQ==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  },
+  {
+    "desc": "too short",
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6xAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0OD3HkMATM5lFqGaerZ-fWPA==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  },
+  {
+    "desc": "invalid base64",
+    "token": "%%%%%%%%%%%%%AECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0OD3HkMATM5lFqGaerZ-fWPAl1-szkFVzXTuGb4hR8AKtwcaX1YdykRtfsH-p1YsUD2Q==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  },
+  {
+    "desc": "payload size not multiple of block size",
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6xAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0OD3HkMATM5lFqGaerZ-fWPOm73QeoCk9uGib28Xe5vz6oxq5nmxbx_v7mrfyudzUm",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  },
+  {
+    "desc": "payload padding error",
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6xAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0ODz4LEpdELGQAad7aNEHbf-JkLPIpuiYRLQ3RtXatOYREu2FWke6CnJNYIbkuKNqOhw==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  },
+  {
+    "desc": "far-future TS (unacceptable clock skew)",
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwStRAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0OD3HkMATM5lFqGaerZ-fWPAnja1xKYyhd-Y6mSkTOyTGJmw2Xc2a6kBd-iX9b_qXQcw==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  },
+  {
+    "desc": "expired TTL",
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6xAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0OD3HkMATM5lFqGaerZ-fWPAl1-szkFVzXTuGb4hR8AKtwcaX1YdykRtfsH-p1YsUD2Q==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:21:31-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  },
+  {
+    "desc": "incorrect IV (causes padding error)",
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6xBQECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0OD3HkMATM5lFqGaerZ-fWPAkLhFLHpGtDBRLRTZeUfWgHSv49TF2AUEZ1TIvcZjK1zQ==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  }
+]

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/key.go

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package fernet
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+)
+
+var (
+	errKeyLen = errors.New("fernet: key decodes to wrong size")
+	errNoKeys = errors.New("fernet: no keys provided")
+)
+
+// Key represents a key.
+type Key [32]byte
+
+func (k *Key) cryptBytes() []byte {
+	return k[len(k)/2:]
+}
+
+func (k *Key) signBytes() []byte {
+	return k[:len(k)/2]
+}
+
+// Generate initializes k with pseudorandom data from package crypto/rand.
+func (k *Key) Generate() error {
+	_, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, k[:])
+	return err
+}
+
+// Encode returns the URL-safe base64 encoding of k.
+func (k *Key) Encode() string {
+	return encoding.EncodeToString(k[:])
+}
+
+// DecodeKey decodes a key from s and returns it. The key can be in
+// hexadecimal, standard base64, or URL-safe base64.
+func DecodeKey(s string) (*Key, error) {
+	var b []byte
+	var err error
+	if s == "" {
+		return nil, errors.New("empty key")
+	}
+	if len(s) == hex.EncodedLen(len(Key{})) {
+		b, err = hex.DecodeString(s)
+	} else {
+		b, err = base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(s)
+		if err != nil {
+			b, err = base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(s)
+		}
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(b) != len(Key{}) {
+		return nil, errKeyLen
+	}
+	k := new(Key)
+	copy(k[:], b)
+	return k, nil
+}
+
+// DecodeKeys decodes each element of a using DecodeKey and returns the
+// resulting keys. Requires at least one key.
+func DecodeKeys(a ...string) ([]*Key, error) {
+	if len(a) == 0 {
+		return nil, errNoKeys
+	}
+	var err error
+	ks := make([]*Key, len(a))
+	for i, s := range a {
+		ks[i], err = DecodeKey(s)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return ks, nil
+}
+
+// MustDecodeKeys is like DecodeKeys, but panics if an error occurs.
+// It simplifies safe initialization of global variables holding
+// keys.
+func MustDecodeKeys(a ...string) []*Key {
+	k, err := DecodeKeys(a...)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return k
+}

vendor/github.com/fernet/fernet-go/verify.json

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+[
+  {
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6wAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0ODy021cpGVWKZ_eEwCGM4BLLF_5CV9dOPmrhuVUPgJobwOz7JcbmrR64jVmpU4IwqDA==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": 60,
+    "src": "hello",
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  },
+  {
+    "token": "gAAAAAAdwJ6wAAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0ODy021cpGVWKZ_eEwCGM4BLLF_5CV9dOPmrhuVUPgJobwOz7JcbmrR64jVmpU4IwqDA==",
+    "now": "1985-10-26T01:20:01-07:00",
+    "ttl_sec": -1,
+    "src": "hello",
+    "secret": "cw_0x689RpI-jtRR7oE8h_eQsKImvJapLeSbXpwF4e4="
+  }
+]