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182 lines
5.5 KiB
182 lines
5.5 KiB
[[appdx_bx]]
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[appendix]
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== Bitcoin Explorer (bx) Commands
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((("Bitcoin Explorer (bx) commands", id="BX18_1", range="startofrange")))Bitcoin Explorer (bx) is a command-line tool that offers a variety of commands for key management and transaction construction. It is part of the libbitcoin bitcoin library.
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----
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Usage: bx COMMAND [--help]
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Info: The bx commands are:
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address-decode
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address-embed
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address-encode
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address-validate
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base16-decode
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base16-encode
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base58-decode
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base58-encode
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base58check-decode
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base58check-encode
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base64-decode
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base64-encode
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bitcoin160
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bitcoin256
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btc-to-satoshi
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ec-add
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ec-add-secrets
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ec-multiply
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ec-multiply-secrets
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ec-new
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ec-to-address
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ec-to-public
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ec-to-wif
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fetch-balance
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fetch-header
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fetch-height
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fetch-history
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fetch-stealth
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fetch-tx
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fetch-tx-index
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hd-new
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hd-private
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hd-public
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hd-to-address
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hd-to-ec
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hd-to-public
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hd-to-wif
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help
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input-set
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input-sign
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input-validate
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message-sign
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message-validate
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mnemonic-decode
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mnemonic-encode
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ripemd160
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satoshi-to-btc
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script-decode
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script-encode
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script-to-address
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seed
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send-tx
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send-tx-node
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send-tx-p2p
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settings
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sha160
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sha256
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sha512
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stealth-decode
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stealth-encode
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stealth-public
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stealth-secret
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stealth-shared
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tx-decode
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tx-encode
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uri-decode
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uri-encode
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validate-tx
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watch-address
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wif-to-ec
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wif-to-public
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wrap-decode
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wrap-encode
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----
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For more information, see the https://github.com/libbitcoin/libbitcoin-explorer[Bitcoin Explorer homepage] and https://github.com/libbitcoin/libbitcoin-explorer/wiki[Bitcoin Explorer user documentation].
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=== Examples of bx Command Use
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Let's look at some examples of using Bitcoin Explorer commands to experiment with keys and addresses.
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Generate a random "seed" value using the +seed+ command, which uses the operating system's random number generator. Pass the seed to the +ec-new+ command to generate a new private key. We save the standard output into the file _private_key_:
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----
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$ bx seed | bx ec-new > private_key
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$ cat private_key
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73096ed11ab9f1db6135857958ece7d73ea7c30862145bcc4bbc7649075de474
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----
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Now, generate the public key from that private key using the +ec-to-public+ command. We pass the _private_key_ file into the standard input and save the standard output of the command into a new file _public_key_:
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----
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$ bx ec-to-public < private_key > public_key
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$ cat public_key
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02fca46a6006a62dfdd2dbb2149359d0d97a04f430f12a7626dd409256c12be500
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----
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We can reformat the +public_key+ as an address using the +ec-to-address+ command. We pass the _public_key_ into standard input:
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----
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$ bx ec-to-address < public_key
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17re1S4Q8ZHyCP8Kw7xQad1Lr6XUzWUnkG
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----
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Keys generated in this manner produce a type-0 nondeterministic wallet. That means that each key is generated from an independent seed. Bitcoin Explorer commands can also generate keys deterministically, in accordance with BIP-32. In this case, a "master" key is created from a seed and then extended deterministically to produce a tree of subkeys, resulting in a type-2 deterministic wallet.
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First, we use the +seed+ and +hd-new+ commands to generate a master key that will be used as the basis to derive a hierarchy of keys:
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----
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$ bx seed > seed
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$ cat seed
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eb68ee9f3df6bd4441a9feadec179ff1
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$ bx hd-new < seed > master
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$ cat master
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xprv9s21ZrQH143K2BEhMYpNQoUvAgiEjArAVaZaCTgsaGe6LsAnwubeiTcDzd23mAoyizm9cApe51gNfLMkBqkYoWWMCRwzfuJk8RwF1SVEpAQ
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----
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We now use the +hd-private+ command to generate a hardened "account" key and a sequence of two private keys within the account:
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----
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$ bx hd-private --hard < master > account
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$ cat account
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xprv9vkDLt81dTKjwHB8fsVB5QK8cGnzveChzSrtCfvu3aMWvQaThp59ueufuyQ8Qi3qpjk4aKsbmbfxwcgS8PYbgoR2NWHeLyvg4DhoEE68A1n
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$ bx hd-private --index 0 < account
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xprv9xHfb6w1vX9xgZyPNXVgAhPxSsEkeRcPHEUV5iJcVEsuUEACvR3NRY3fpGhcnBiDbvG4LgndirDsia1e9F3DWPkX7Tp1V1u97HKG1FJwUpU
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$ bx hd-private --index 1 < account
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xprv9xHfb6w1vX9xjc8XbN4GN86jzNAZ6xHEqYxzbLB4fzHFd6VqCLPGRZFsdjsuMVERadbgDbziCRJru9n6tzEWrASVpEdrZrFidt1RDfn4yA3
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----
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Next, we use the +hd-public+ command to generate the corresponding sequence of two public keys:
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----
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$ bx hd-public --index 0 < account
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xpub6BH1zcTuktiFu43rUZ2gXqLgzu5F3tLEeTQ5t6iE3aQtM2VMTxMcyLN9fYHiGhGpQe9QQYmqL2eYPFJ3vezHz5wzaSW4FiGrseNDR4LKqTy
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$ bx hd-public --index 1 < account
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xpub6BH1zcTuktiFx6CzhPbGjG3UYQ13WR16CmtbPiagEKpEVtpyjshWyMaMV1cn7nUPUkgQHPVXJVqsrA8xWbGQDhohEcDFTEYMvYzwRD7Juf8
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----
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The public keys can also be derived from their corresponding private keys using the +hd-to-public+ command:
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----
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$ bx hd-private --index 0 < account | bx hd-to-public
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xpub6BH1zcTuktiFu43rUZ2gXqLgzu5F3tLEeTQ5t6iE3aQtM2VMTxMcyLN9fYHiGhGpQe9QQYmqL2eYPFJ3vezHz5wzaSW4FiGrseNDR4LKqTy
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$ bx hd-private --index 1 < account | bx hd-to-public
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xpub6BH1zcTuktiFx6CzhPbGjG3UYQ13WR16CmtbPiagEKpEVtpyjshWyMaMV1cn7nUPUkgQHPVXJVqsrA8xWbGQDhohEcDFTEYMvYzwRD7Juf8
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----
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We can generate a practically limitless number of keys in a deterministic chain, all derived from a single seed. This technique is used in many wallet applications to generate keys that can be backed up and restored with a single seed value. This is easier than having to back up the wallet with all its randomly generated keys every time a new key is created.
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The seed can be encoded using the +mnemonic-encode+ command:
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----
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$ bx hd-mnemonic < seed > words
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adore repeat vision worst especially veil inch woman cast recall dwell appreciate
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----
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The seed can then be decoded using the +mnemonic-decode+ command:
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----
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$ bx mnemonic-decode < words
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eb68ee9f3df6bd4441a9feadec179ff1
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----
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Mnemonic encoding can make the seed easier to record and even remember.(((range="endofrange", startref="BX18_1")))
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