diff --git a/ch09.asciidoc b/ch09.asciidoc index f9d56c1d..c5a52011 100644 --- a/ch09.asciidoc +++ b/ch09.asciidoc @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ [[blockchain]] == The Blockchain - + === Introduction ((("blockchains", id="ix_ch09-asciidoc0", range="startofrange")))The blockchain data structure is an ordered, back-linked list of blocks of transactions. The blockchain can be stored as a flat file, or in a simple database. The Bitcoin Core client stores the blockchain metadata using((("LevelDB database (Google)"))) Google's LevelDB database. Blocks are linked "back," each referring to the previous block in the chain. The blockchain is often visualized as a vertical stack, with blocks layered on top of each other and the first block serving as the foundation of the stack. The visualization of blocks stacked on top of each other results in the use of terms such as "height" to refer to the distance from the first block, and "top" or "tip" to refer to the most recently added block. @@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ To prove that a specific transaction is included in a block, a node only needs t .A merkle tree summarizing many data elements image::images/mbc2_0904.png["merkle_tree_large"] -In <>, a node can prove that a transaction K is included in the block by producing a merkle path that is only four 32-byte hashes long (128 bytes total). The path consists of the four hashes (noted in blue in <>) H~L~, H~IJ~, H~MNOP~, and H~ABCDEFGH~. With those four hashes provided as an authentication path, any node can prove that H~K~ (noted in green in the diagram) is included in the merkle root by computing four additional pair-wise hashes H~KL~, H~IJKL~, H~IJKLMNOP~, and the merkle tree root (outlined in a dotted line in the diagram). +In <>, a node can prove that a transaction K is included in the block by producing a merkle path that is only four 32-byte hashes long (128 bytes total). The path consists of the four hashes (shown with a shaded background in <>) H~L~, H~IJ~, H~MNOP~, and H~ABCDEFGH~. With those four hashes provided as an authentication path, any node can prove that H~K~ (with a black background at the bottom of the diagram) is included in the merkle root by computing four additional pair-wise hashes H~KL~, H~IJKL~, H~IJKLMNOP~, and the merkle tree root (outlined in a dashed line in the diagram). [[merkle_tree_path]] .A merkle path used to prove inclusion of a data element diff --git a/images/mbc2_0905.png b/images/mbc2_0905.png index 77f32692..c9bbd868 100755 Binary files a/images/mbc2_0905.png and b/images/mbc2_0905.png differ