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@ -435,16 +435,16 @@ output. Alice will therefore "encumber" the output value with a demand
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for a signature from Bob.
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This transaction will also include a second output, because Alice's
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funds are contain more money than the cost of the
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funds contain more money than the cost of the
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podcast. Alice's change
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output is created in the very same
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transaction as the payment to Bob. Essentially, Alice's wallet breaks
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her funds into two payments: one to Bob and one back to herself. She can
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then use (spend) the change output in a subsequent transaction.
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her funds into two outputs: one to Bob and one back to herself. She can
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then spend the change output in a subsequent transaction.
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Finally, for the transaction to be processed by the network in a timely
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fashion, Alice's wallet application will add a small fee. This is not
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explicit in the transaction; it is implied by the difference between
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explicit in the transaction; it is implied by the difference in value between
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inputs and outputs. This _transaction fee_ is collected by the
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miner as a fee for validating and including the transaction in a block
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to be recorded on the blockchain.
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@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ contains everything necessary to confirm ownership of the funds and
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assign new owners. Now, the transaction must be transmitted to the
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Bitcoin network where it will become part of the blockchain. In the next
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section we will see how a transaction becomes part of a new block and
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how the block is "mined." Finally, we will see how the new block, once
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how the block is mined. Finally, we will see how the new block, once
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added to the blockchain, is increasingly trusted by the network as more
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blocks are added.
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@ -584,10 +584,11 @@ lottery to create the next block.
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Jing started mining in 2010 using a very fast desktop computer to find a
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suitable Proof-of-Work for new blocks. As more miners started joining
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the Bitcoin network, the difficulty of the problem increased rapidly.
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the Bitcoin network, the Bitcoin protocol automatically increased the
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difficulty of finding a new block.
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Soon, Jing and other miners upgraded to more specialized hardware, such
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as high-end dedicated graphical processing units (GPUs) cards such as
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those used in gaming desktops or consoles. At the time of this writing,
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those used in gaming desktops. At the time of this writing,
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the difficulty is so high that it is profitable only to mine with
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((("application-specific integrated circuits
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(ASIC)")))application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), essentially
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