/* * Copyright (c) 2020 Bitdefender * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 */ #ifdef WIN32 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS #include #include #endif // WIN32 #include #include #include #include #include #include // Main disasm header file. #include "bdshemu.h" #include "bddisasm.h" #include "disasmtool.h" #if !defined(WIN32) && (defined(ND_ARCH_X64) || defined(ND_ARCH_X86)) #include #endif // defined(ND_ARCH_X64) || defined(ND_ARCH_X86) const char *gSpaces[16] = { "", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", }; #if !defined(BDDISASM_HAS_VSNPRINTF) // // nd_vsnprintf // int nd_vsnprintf_s( char *buffer, size_t sizeOfBuffer, size_t count, const char *format, va_list argptr ) { return _vsnprintf_s(buffer, sizeOfBuffer, count, format, argptr); } #endif // !defined(BDDISASM_HAS_VSNPRINTF) #if !defined(BDDISASM_HAS_MEMSET) void* nd_memset(void *s, int c, size_t n) { return memset(s, c, n); } #endif // !defined(BDDISASM_HAS_MEMSET) #if defined(ND_ARCH_X64) || defined(ND_ARCH_X86) #ifdef WIN32 #define cpuid __cpuid #else #define __rdtsc __builtin_ia32_rdtsc void cpuid(int cpuInfo[4], int function_id) { unsigned int *cpuinfo = (unsigned int *)cpuInfo; __get_cpuid(function_id, &cpuinfo[0], &cpuinfo[1], &cpuinfo[2], &cpuinfo[3]); } #endif // WIN32 #endif // defined(ND_ARCH_X64) || defined(ND_ARCH_X86) #ifndef WIN32 #define _stricmp strcasecmp #endif #define FG_Black "\033[1;30m" #define FG_Red "\033[1;31m" #define FG_Green "\033[1;32m" #define FG_Yellow "\033[1;33m" #define FG_Blue "\033[1;34m" #define FG_Magenta "\033[1;35m" #define FG_Cyan "\033[1;36m" #define FG_White "\033[1;37m" void set_bold_fg_color(const char *Color) { printf(Color); } void reset_fg_color(void) { printf("\033[0m"); } void ShemuLog( _In_ PCHAR Data, _In_ void *Context ) { UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Context); printf("%s", Data); } bool ShemuAccessMem( _In_ PSHEMU_CONTEXT Ctx, _In_ uint64_t Gla, _In_ size_t Size, _Inout_ uint8_t *Buffer, _In_ bool Store ) { UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Ctx); UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Gla); if (!Store) { // On loads, always return 0. memset(Buffer, 0, Size); } else { // On stores, do nothing. } return true; } bool ShemuAccessShellcode( _In_ PSHEMU_CONTEXT Ctx, _In_ uint64_t Gla, _In_ size_t Size, _Inout_ uint8_t *Buffer, _In_ bool Store ) { ND_UINT32 offset; offset = (ND_UINT32)(Gla - Ctx->ShellcodeBase); if (Store) { memcpy(Ctx->Shellcode + offset, Buffer, Size); } else { memcpy(Buffer, Ctx->Shellcode + offset, Size); } return true; } const char* set_to_string( _In_ ND_INS_SET Set ) { switch (Set) { case ND_SET_3DNOW: return "3DNOW"; case ND_SET_ADX: return "ADX"; case ND_SET_AES: return "AES"; case ND_SET_APX_F: return "APX_F"; case ND_SET_AMD: return "AMD"; case ND_SET_AMXBF16: return "AMX-BF16"; case ND_SET_AMXFP16: return "AMX-FP16"; case ND_SET_AMXINT8: return "AMX-INT8"; case ND_SET_AMXTILE: return "AMX-TILE"; case ND_SET_AMXCOMPLEX: return "AMX-COMPLEX"; case ND_SET_AVX: return "AVX"; case ND_SET_AVX2: return "AVX2"; case ND_SET_AVX2GATHER: return "AVX2GATHER"; case ND_SET_AVX5124FMAPS: return "AVX5124FMAPS"; case ND_SET_AVX5124VNNIW: return "AVX5124VNNIW"; case ND_SET_AVX512BF16: return "AVX512BF16"; case ND_SET_AVX512BITALG: return "AVX512BITALG"; case ND_SET_AVX512BW: return "AVX512BW"; case ND_SET_AVX512CD: return "AVX512CD"; case ND_SET_AVX512DQ: return "AVX512DQ"; case ND_SET_AVX512ER: return "AVX512ER"; case ND_SET_AVX512F: return "AVX512F"; case ND_SET_AVX512IFMA: return "AVX512IFMA"; case ND_SET_AVX512PF: return "AVX512PF"; case ND_SET_AVX512VBMI: return "AVX512VBMI"; case ND_SET_AVX512VBMI2: return "AVX512VBMI2"; case ND_SET_AVX512VNNI: return "AVX512VNNI"; case ND_SET_AVX512VP2INTERSECT: return "AVX512VP2INTERSECT"; case ND_SET_AVX512VPOPCNTDQ: return "AVX512VPOPCNTDQ"; case ND_SET_AVX512FP16: return "AVX512FP16"; case ND_SET_AVXIFMA: return "AVXIFMA"; case ND_SET_AVXNECONVERT: return "AVXNECONVERT"; case ND_SET_AVXVNNI: return "AVXVNNI"; case ND_SET_AVXVNNIINT8: return "AVXVNNIINT8"; case ND_SET_AVXVNNIINT16: return "AVXVNNIINT16"; case ND_SET_BMI1: return "BMI1"; case ND_SET_BMI2: return "BMI2"; case ND_SET_CET_SS: return "CET_SS"; case ND_SET_CET_IBT: return "CET_IBT"; case ND_SET_CLDEMOTE: return "CLDEMOTE"; case ND_SET_CLFSH: return "CLFSH"; case ND_SET_CLFSHOPT: return "CLFSHOPT"; case ND_SET_CLWB: return "CLWB"; case ND_SET_CLZERO: return "CLZERO"; case ND_SET_CMPCCXADD: return "CMPCCXADD"; case ND_SET_CMPXCHG16B: return "CMPXCHG16B"; case ND_SET_ENQCMD: return "ENQCMD"; case ND_SET_F16C: return "F16C"; case ND_SET_FMA: return "FMA"; case ND_SET_FMA4: return "FMA4"; case ND_SET_FRED: return "FRED"; case ND_SET_FXSAVE: return "FXSAVE"; case ND_SET_GFNI: return "GFNI"; case ND_SET_HRESET: return "HRESET"; case ND_SET_I186: return "I186"; case ND_SET_I286PROT: return "I286PROT"; case ND_SET_I286REAL: return "I286REAL"; case ND_SET_I386: return "I386"; case ND_SET_I486: return "I486"; case ND_SET_I486REAL: return "I486REAL"; case ND_SET_I64: return "I64"; case ND_SET_I86: return "I86"; case ND_SET_INVPCID: return "INVPCID"; case ND_SET_INVLPGB: return "INVLPGB"; case ND_SET_KL: return "KL"; case ND_SET_LKGS: return "LKGS"; case ND_SET_LONGMODE: return "LONGMODE"; case ND_SET_LWP: return "LWP"; case ND_SET_LZCNT: return "LZCNT"; case ND_SET_MCOMMIT: return "MCOMMIT"; case ND_SET_MMX: return "MMX"; case ND_SET_MOVBE: return "MOVBE"; case ND_SET_MOVDIR64B: return "MOVDIR64B"; case ND_SET_MOVDIRI: return "MOVDIRI"; case ND_SET_MPX: return "MPX"; case ND_SET_MSRLIST: return "MSRLIST"; case ND_SET_MWAITT: return "MWAITT"; case ND_SET_PAUSE: return "PAUSE"; case ND_SET_PCLMULQDQ: return "PCLMULQDQ"; case ND_SET_PCONFIG: return "PCONFIG"; case ND_SET_PENTIUMREAL: return "PENTIUMREAL"; case ND_SET_PKU: return "PKU"; case ND_SET_POPCNT: return "POPCNT"; case ND_SET_PPRO: return "PPRO"; case ND_SET_PREFETCHITI: return "PREFETCHITI"; case ND_SET_PREFETCH_NOP: return "PREFETCH_NOP"; case ND_SET_PTWRITE: return "PTWRITE"; case ND_SET_RAOINT: return "RAOINT"; case ND_SET_RDPID: return "RDPID"; case ND_SET_RDPMC: return "RDPMC"; case ND_SET_RDPRU: return "RDPRU"; case ND_SET_RDRAND: return "RDRAND"; case ND_SET_RDSEED: return "RDSEED"; case ND_SET_RDTSCP: return "RDTSCP"; case ND_SET_RDWRFSGS: return "RDWRFSGS"; case ND_SET_SERIALIZE: return "SERIALIZE"; case ND_SET_SGX: return "SGX"; case ND_SET_SHA: return "SHA"; case ND_SET_SHA512: return "SHA512"; case ND_SET_SM3: return "SM3"; case ND_SET_SM4: return "SM4"; case ND_SET_SMAP: return "SMAP"; case ND_SET_SMX: return "SMX"; case ND_SET_SNP: return "SNP"; case ND_SET_SSE: return "SSE"; case ND_SET_SSE2: return "SSE2"; case ND_SET_SSE3: return "SSE3"; case ND_SET_SSE4: return "SSE4"; case ND_SET_SSE42: return "SSE42"; case ND_SET_SSE4A: return "SSE4A"; case ND_SET_SSSE3: return "SSSE3"; case ND_SET_SVM: return "SVM"; case ND_SET_TBM: return "TBM"; case ND_SET_TDX: return "TDX"; case ND_SET_TSE: return "TSE"; case ND_SET_TSX: return "TSX"; case ND_SET_TSXLDTRK: return "TSXLDTRK"; case ND_SET_UD: return "UD"; case ND_SET_UINTR: return "UINTR"; case ND_SET_UNKNOWN: return "UNKNOWN"; case ND_SET_USER_MSR: return "USER_MSR"; case ND_SET_VAES: return "VAES"; case ND_SET_VPCLMULQDQ: return "VPCLMULQDQ"; case ND_SET_VTX: return "VTX"; case ND_SET_WAITPKG: return "WAITPKG"; case ND_SET_WBNOINVD: return "WBNOINVD"; case ND_SET_WRMSRNS: return "WRMSRNS"; case ND_SET_X87: return "X87"; case ND_SET_XOP: return "XOP"; case ND_SET_XSAVE: return "XSAVE"; case ND_SET_XSAVEC: return "XSAVEC"; case ND_SET_XSAVES: return "XSAVES"; default: return "???"; } } const char* category_to_string( _In_ ND_INS_CATEGORY Category ) { switch (Category) { case ND_CAT_3DNOW: return "3DNOW"; case ND_CAT_AES: return "AES"; case ND_CAT_AESKL: return "AESKL"; case ND_CAT_ARITH: return "ARITH"; case ND_CAT_AMX: return "AMX"; case ND_CAT_APX: return "APX"; case ND_CAT_AVX: return "AVX"; case ND_CAT_AVX2: return "AVX2"; case ND_CAT_AVX2GATHER: return "AVX2GATHER"; case ND_CAT_AVX512: return "AVX512"; case ND_CAT_AVX512BF16: return "AVX512BF16"; case ND_CAT_AVX512VBMI: return "AVX512VBMI"; case ND_CAT_AVX512VP2INTERSECT: return "AVX512VP2INTERSECT"; case ND_CAT_AVX512FP16: return "AVX512FP16"; case ND_CAT_AVXIFMA: return "AVXIFMA"; case ND_CAT_AVXVNNI: return "AVXVNNI"; case ND_CAT_AVXVNNIINT8: return "AVXVNNIINT8"; case ND_CAT_AVXVNNIINT16: return "AVXVNNIINT16"; case ND_CAT_AVXNECONVERT: return "AVXNECONVERT"; case ND_CAT_BITBYTE: return "BITBYTE"; case ND_CAT_BLEND: return "BLEND"; case ND_CAT_BMI1: return "BMI1"; case ND_CAT_BMI2: return "BMI2"; case ND_CAT_BROADCAST: return "BROADCAST"; case ND_CAT_CALL: return "CALL"; case ND_CAT_CET: return "CET"; case ND_CAT_CLDEMOTE: return "CLDEMOTE"; case ND_CAT_CMOV: return "CMOV"; case ND_CAT_CMPCCXADD: return "CMPCCXADD"; case ND_CAT_COMPRESS: return "COMPRESS"; case ND_CAT_COND_BR: return "COND_BR"; case ND_CAT_CONFLICT: return "CONFLICT"; case ND_CAT_CONVERT: return "CONVERT"; case ND_CAT_DATAXFER: return "DATAXFER"; case ND_CAT_DECIMAL: return "DECIMAL"; case ND_CAT_ENQCMD: return "ENQCMD"; case ND_CAT_EXPAND: return "EXPAND"; case ND_CAT_FLAGOP: return "FLAGOP"; case ND_CAT_FMA4: return "FMA4"; case ND_CAT_GATHER: return "GATHER"; case ND_CAT_GFNI: return "GFNI"; case ND_CAT_HRESET: return "HRESET"; case ND_CAT_I386: return "I386"; case ND_CAT_IFMA: return "IFMA"; case ND_CAT_INTERRUPT: return "INTERRUPT"; case ND_CAT_IO: return "IO"; case ND_CAT_IOSTRINGOP: return "IOSTRINGOP"; case ND_CAT_KL: return "KL"; case ND_CAT_KMASK: return "KMASK"; case ND_CAT_KNL: return "KNL"; case ND_CAT_LKGS: return "LKGS"; case ND_CAT_LOGIC: return "LOGIC"; case ND_CAT_LOGICAL: return "LOGICAL"; case ND_CAT_LOGICAL_FP: return "LOGICAL_FP"; case ND_CAT_LWP: return "LWP"; case ND_CAT_LZCNT: return "LZCNT"; case ND_CAT_MISC: return "MISC"; case ND_CAT_MMX: return "MMX"; case ND_CAT_MOVDIR64B: return "MOVDIR64B"; case ND_CAT_MOVDIRI: return "MOVDIRI"; case ND_CAT_MPX: return "MPX"; case ND_CAT_NOP: return "NOP"; case ND_CAT_PCLMULQDQ: return "PCLMULQDQ"; case ND_CAT_PCONFIG: return "PCONFIG"; case ND_CAT_POP: return "POP"; case ND_CAT_PREFETCH: return "PREFETCH"; case ND_CAT_PTWRITE: return "PTWRITE"; case ND_CAT_PUSH: return "PUSH"; case ND_CAT_RAOINT: return "RAO-INT"; case ND_CAT_RDPID: return "RDPID"; case ND_CAT_RDRAND: return "RDRAND"; case ND_CAT_RDSEED: return "RDSEED"; case ND_CAT_RDWRFSGS: return "RDWRFSGS"; case ND_CAT_RET: return "RET"; case ND_CAT_ROTATE: return "ROTATE"; case ND_CAT_SCATTER: return "SCATTER"; case ND_CAT_SEGOP: return "SEGOP"; case ND_CAT_SEMAPHORE: return "SEMAPHORE"; case ND_CAT_SGX: return "SGX"; case ND_CAT_SHA: return "SHA"; case ND_CAT_SHA512: return "SHA512"; case ND_CAT_SHIFT: return "SHIFT"; case ND_CAT_SM3: return "SM3"; case ND_CAT_SM4: return "SM4"; case ND_CAT_SMAP: return "SMAP"; case ND_CAT_SSE: return "SSE"; case ND_CAT_SSE2: return "SSE2"; case ND_CAT_STRINGOP: return "STRINGOP"; case ND_CAT_STTNI: return "STTNI"; case ND_CAT_SYSCALL: return "SYSCALL"; case ND_CAT_SYSRET: return "SYSRET"; case ND_CAT_SYSTEM: return "SYSTEM"; case ND_CAT_TDX: return "TDX"; case ND_CAT_UD: return "UD"; case ND_CAT_UINTR: return "UINTR"; case ND_CAT_UNCOND_BR: return "UNCOND_BR"; case ND_CAT_UNKNOWN: return "UNKNOWN"; case ND_CAT_USER_MSR: return "USER_MSR"; case ND_CAT_VAES: return "VAES"; case ND_CAT_VFMA: return "VFMA"; case ND_CAT_VFMAPS: return "VFMAPS"; case ND_CAT_VNNI: return "VNNI"; case ND_CAT_VNNIW: return "VNNIW"; case ND_CAT_VPCLMULQDQ: return "VPCLMULQDQ"; case ND_CAT_VPOPCNT: return "VPOPCNT"; case ND_CAT_VTX: return "VTX"; case ND_CAT_WAITPKG: return "WAITPKG"; case ND_CAT_WBNOINVD: return "WBNOINVD"; case ND_CAT_WIDENOP: return "WIDENOP"; case ND_CAT_WIDE_KL: return "WIDE_KL"; case ND_CAT_X87_ALU: return "X87_ALU"; case ND_CAT_XOP: return "XOP"; case ND_CAT_XSAVE: return "XSAVE"; default: return "???"; } } const char* optype_to_string( _In_ ND_OPERAND_TYPE OpType ) { switch (OpType) { case ND_OP_REG: return "Register"; case ND_OP_IMM: return "Immediate"; case ND_OP_CONST: return "Constant"; case ND_OP_MEM: return "Memory"; case ND_OP_ADDR: return "Address"; case ND_OP_ADDR_NEAR: return "Address"; case ND_OP_OFFS: return "Offset"; case ND_OP_BANK: return "Bank"; case ND_OP_DFV: return "Default flags"; default: return "???"; } } const char* regtype_to_string( _In_ ND_REG_TYPE RegType ) { switch (RegType) { case ND_REG_GPR: return "General Purpose"; case ND_REG_SEG: return "Segment"; case ND_REG_FPU: return "FP"; case ND_REG_MMX: return "MMX"; case ND_REG_SSE: return "Vector"; case ND_REG_BND: return "Bound"; case ND_REG_MSK: return "Mask"; case ND_REG_TILE: return "Tile"; case ND_REG_SYS: return "System"; case ND_REG_MSR: return "Model Specific"; case ND_REG_XCR: return "Extended Control"; case ND_REG_CR: return "Control"; case ND_REG_DR: return "Debug"; case ND_REG_TR: return "Test"; case ND_REG_MXCSR: return "MXCSR"; case ND_REG_PKRU: return "PKRU"; case ND_REG_SSP: return "SSP"; case ND_REG_FLG: return "Flags"; case ND_REG_RIP: return "IP"; case ND_REG_UIF: return "UIF"; default: return "???"; } } const char* encoding_to_string( _In_ ND_OPERAND_ENCODING Encoding ) { switch (Encoding) { case ND_OPE_R: return "R"; case ND_OPE_M: return "M"; case ND_OPE_V: return "V"; case ND_OPE_O: return "O"; case ND_OPE_I: return "I"; case ND_OPE_D: return "D"; case ND_OPE_C: return "C"; case ND_OPE_1: return "1"; case ND_OPE_A: return "A"; case ND_OPE_L: return "L"; case ND_OPE_E: return "E"; case ND_OPE_S: return "S"; default: return ""; } } const char* tuple_to_string( _In_ ND_TUPLE Tuple ) { switch (Tuple) { case ND_TUPLE_FV: return "Full"; case ND_TUPLE_HV: return "Half"; case ND_TUPLE_FVM: return "Full Mem"; case ND_TUPLE_HVM: return "Half Mem"; case ND_TUPLE_QVM: return "Quarter Mem"; case ND_TUPLE_OVM: return "Eigth Mem"; case ND_TUPLE_T1S: return "Tuple 1 Scalar"; case ND_TUPLE_T1F: return "Tuple 1 Fixes"; case ND_TUPLE_T2: return "Tuple 2"; case ND_TUPLE_T4: return "Tuple 4"; case ND_TUPLE_T8: return "Tuple 8"; case ND_TUPLE_M128: return "Mem 128"; case ND_TUPLE_DUP: return "MOVDDUP"; case ND_TUPLE_T1S8: return "Tuple 1 scalar, 8 bit"; case ND_TUPLE_T1S16: return "Tuple 1 scalar, 16 bit"; case ND_TUPLE_T1_4X: return "Tuple 4 x 32 bit"; default: return "None"; } } const char* exception_type_to_string( _In_ ND_EX_TYPE ExType ) { switch (ExType) { case ND_EXT_1: return "1"; case ND_EXT_2: return "2"; case ND_EXT_3: return "3"; case ND_EXT_4: return "4"; case ND_EXT_5: return "5"; case ND_EXT_6: return "6"; case ND_EXT_7: return "7"; case ND_EXT_8: return "8"; case ND_EXT_9: return "9"; case ND_EXT_10: return "10"; case ND_EXT_11: return "11"; case ND_EXT_12: return "12"; case ND_EXT_13: return "13"; case ND_EXT_14: return "14"; case ND_EXT_K20: return "K20"; case ND_EXT_K21: return "K21"; case ND_EXT_E1: return "E1"; case ND_EXT_E1NF: return "E1NF"; case ND_EXT_E2: return "E2"; case ND_EXT_E3: return "E3"; case ND_EXT_E3NF: return "E3NF"; case ND_EXT_E4: return "E4"; case ND_EXT_E4nb: return "E4.nb"; case ND_EXT_E4NF: return "E4NF"; case ND_EXT_E4NFnb: return "E4NF.nb"; case ND_EXT_E5: return "E5"; case ND_EXT_E5NF: return "E5NF"; case ND_EXT_E6: return "E6"; case ND_EXT_E6NF: return "E6NF"; case ND_EXT_E7NM: return "E7NM"; case ND_EXT_E9: return "E9"; case ND_EXT_E9NF: return "E9NF"; case ND_EXT_E10: return "E10"; case ND_EXT_E10NF: return "E10NF"; case ND_EXT_E11: return "E11"; case ND_EXT_E12: return "E12"; case ND_EXT_E12NP: return "E12NP"; case ND_EXT_AMX_E1: return "AMX-E1"; case ND_EXT_AMX_E2: return "AMX-E2"; case ND_EXT_AMX_E3: return "AMX-E3"; case ND_EXT_AMX_E4: return "AMX-E4"; case ND_EXT_AMX_E5: return "AMX-E5"; case ND_EXT_AMX_E6: return "AMX-E6"; case ND_EXT_AMX_EVEX_E1: return "AMX-EVEX-E1"; case ND_EXT_AMX_EVEX_E2: return "AMX-EVEX-E2"; case ND_EXT_AMX_EVEX_E3: return "AMX-EVEX-E3"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_BMI: return "APX-EVEX-BMI"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_CCMP: return "APX-EVEX-CCMP"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_WRSS: return "APX-EVEX-WRSS"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_WRUSS: return "APX-EVEX-WRUSS"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_CFCMOV: return "APX-EVEX-CFCMOV"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_CMPCCXADD: return "APX-EVEX-CMPCCXADD"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_ENQCMD: return "APX-EVEX-ENQCMD"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_INT: return "APX-EVEX-INT"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_INVEPT: return "APX-EVEX-INVEPT"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_INVPCID: return "APX-EVEX-INVPCID"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_INVVPID: return "APX-EVEX-INVVPID"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_KEYLOCKER: return "APX-EVEX-KEYLOCKER"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_KMOV: return "APX-EVEX-KMOV"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_PP2: return "APX-EVEX-PP2"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_SHA: return "APX-EVEX-SHA"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_RAOINT: return "APX-EVEX-RAO-INT"; case ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_USER_MSR: return "APX-EVEX-USER-MSR"; default: return "None"; } } ND_BOOL is_hex_digit( _In_ char Digit ) { return (Digit >= '0' && Digit <= '9') || (Digit >= 'A' && Digit <= 'F') || (Digit >= 'a' && Digit <= 'f'); } BYTE hex_to_bin( _In_ char HexByte ) { // Transforms one hex-digit to a number. if ((HexByte >= '0') && (HexByte <= '9')) { return HexByte - '0'; } else if ((HexByte >= 'A') && (HexByte <= 'F')) { return HexByte - 'A' + 10; } else if ((HexByte >= 'a') && (HexByte <= 'f')) { return HexByte - 'a' + 10; } return 0; } INT32 regstr_to_idx( _In_ const char *Reg ) { static const char *reg64[] = { "rax", "rcx", "rdx", "rbx", "rsp", "rbp", "rsi", "rdi", "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11", "r12", "r13", "r14", "r15" }; for (INT32 i = 0; i < (INT32)ARRAYSIZE(reg64); i++) { if (!_stricmp(Reg, reg64[i])) { return i; } } return -1; } _Success_(return) bool match_gpr( _In_ const char *Arg, _Out_ DWORD *Index ) { // Check if the provided argument is a register. if (Arg[0] == '-') { INT32 idx = regstr_to_idx(Arg + 1); // this will be the name of the register or the NULL terminator if (idx >= 0) { *Index = idx; return true; } } return false; } void print_instruction( _In_ size_t Rip, _In_ PINSTRUX Instrux, _In_ PDISASM_OPTIONS Options ) { char instruxText[ND_MIN_BUF_SIZE]; DWORD k = 0, idx = 0, i = 0; printf("%016zX ", Rip); if (Options->Highlight) { #ifdef WIN32 // Enable virtual terminal processing on Windows, so we can display colors. HANDLE consoleHandle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); DWORD consoleMode; if (consoleHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { return; } if (!GetConsoleMode(consoleHandle, &consoleMode)) { return; } SetConsoleMode(consoleHandle, consoleMode | ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING); #endif // Display prefixes. set_bold_fg_color(FG_White); for (idx = 0; idx < Instrux->PrefLength; idx++, k++) { printf("%02x", Instrux->InstructionBytes[k]); } reset_fg_color(); // Display opcodes. set_bold_fg_color(FG_Green); for (idx = 0; idx < (DWORD)(ND_IS_3DNOW(Instrux) ? Instrux->OpLength - 1 : Instrux->OpLength); idx++, k++) { printf("%02x", Instrux->InstructionBytes[k]); } reset_fg_color(); // Display modrm and sib. set_bold_fg_color(FG_Yellow); for (idx = 0; idx < (DWORD)(Instrux->HasModRm + Instrux->HasSib); idx++, k++) { printf("%02x", Instrux->InstructionBytes[k]); } reset_fg_color(); // Display displacement. set_bold_fg_color(FG_Blue); for (idx = 0; idx < (DWORD)(Instrux->DispLength); idx++, k++) { printf("%02x", Instrux->InstructionBytes[k]); } reset_fg_color(); // Display relative offset/moffset/immediates. set_bold_fg_color(FG_Red); for (idx = 0; idx < (DWORD)(Instrux->Imm1Length + Instrux->Imm2Length + Instrux->RelOffsLength + Instrux->MoffsetLength + Instrux->HasSseImm + Instrux->AddrLength); idx++, k++) { printf("%02x", Instrux->InstructionBytes[k]); } reset_fg_color(); if (ND_IS_3DNOW(Instrux)) { set_bold_fg_color(FG_Green); for (; k < Instrux->Length; k++) { printf("%02x", Instrux->InstructionBytes[k]); } reset_fg_color(); } #ifdef WIN32 // Reset console mode on Windows. SetConsoleMode(consoleHandle, consoleMode); #endif } for (; k < Instrux->Length; k++) { printf("%02x", Instrux->InstructionBytes[k]); } printf("%s", gSpaces[16 - (Instrux->Length & 0xF)]); NdToText(Instrux, Rip, ND_MIN_BUF_SIZE, instruxText); printf("%s\n", instruxText); if (Options->ExtendedInfo) { const BYTE opsize[3] = { 2, 4, 8 }; const BYTE adsize[3] = { 2, 4, 8 }; const BYTE veclen[3] = { 16, 32, 64 }; printf(" DSIZE: %2d, ASIZE: %2d, VLEN: ", opsize[Instrux->EfOpMode] * 8, adsize[Instrux->AddrMode] * 8); if (ND_HAS_VECTOR(Instrux)) { printf("%2d\n", veclen[Instrux->VecMode] * 8); } else { printf("-\n"); } printf(" ISA Set: %s, Ins cat: %s, CET tracked: %s\n", set_to_string(Instrux->IsaSet), category_to_string(Instrux->Category), Instrux->IsCetTracked ? "yes" : "no"); if (0 != Instrux->CpuidFlag.Flag) { char *regs[4] = { "eax", "ecx", "edx", "ebx" }; printf(" CPUID leaf: 0x%08x", Instrux->CpuidFlag.Leaf); if (Instrux->CpuidFlag.SubLeaf != ND_CFF_NO_SUBLEAF) { printf(", sub-leaf: 0x%08x", Instrux->CpuidFlag.SubLeaf); } printf(", reg: %s, bit: %u\n", regs[Instrux->CpuidFlag.Reg], Instrux->CpuidFlag.Bit); } if (Instrux->HasEvex) { printf(" EVEX Tuple Type: %s\n", tuple_to_string((ND_TUPLE)Instrux->TupleType)); } if (Instrux->ExceptionType != ND_EXT_None) { printf(" Exception class: %s, ", Instrux->ExceptionType >= ND_EXT_1 && Instrux->ExceptionType <= ND_EXT_14 ? "SSE/VEX" : Instrux->ExceptionType >= ND_EXT_E1 && Instrux->ExceptionType <= ND_EXT_E12NP ? "EVEX" : Instrux->ExceptionType >= ND_EXT_K20 && Instrux->ExceptionType <= ND_EXT_K21 ? "Opmask" : Instrux->ExceptionType >= ND_EXT_AMX_E1 && Instrux->ExceptionType <= ND_EXT_AMX_E6 ? "AMX" : Instrux->ExceptionType >= ND_EXT_AMX_EVEX_E1 && Instrux->ExceptionType <= ND_EXT_APX_EVEX_USER_MSR ? "APX" : "???"); printf("exception type: %s\n", exception_type_to_string(Instrux->ExceptionType)); } if (Instrux->RflAccess != 0) { DWORD fidx, all; bool individual = false; char *flags[22] = { "CF", NULL, "PF", NULL, "AF", NULL, "ZF", "SF", "TF", "IF", "DF", "OF", "IOPL",NULL, "NT", NULL, "RF", "VM", "AC", "VIF", "VIP", "ID" }; all = Instrux->FlagsAccess.Tested.Raw | Instrux->FlagsAccess.Modified.Raw | Instrux->FlagsAccess.Set.Raw | Instrux->FlagsAccess.Cleared.Raw | Instrux->FlagsAccess.Undefined.Raw; printf(" FLAGS access\n "); for (fidx = 0; fidx < 21; fidx++) { if (flags[fidx] != NULL) { if (0 == (all & (1ULL << fidx))) { continue; } individual = true; printf("%s: ", flags[fidx]); if (Instrux->FlagsAccess.Tested.Raw & (1ULL << fidx)) { printf("t"); } if (Instrux->FlagsAccess.Modified.Raw & (1ULL << fidx)) { printf("m"); } if (Instrux->FlagsAccess.Set.Raw & (1ULL << fidx)) { printf("1"); } if (Instrux->FlagsAccess.Cleared.Raw & (1ULL << fidx)) { printf("0"); } if (Instrux->FlagsAccess.Undefined.Raw & (1ULL << fidx)) { printf("u"); } printf(", "); } } if (!individual) { printf("Entire register"); } printf("\n"); } if (Instrux->IsaSet == ND_SET_X87) { #define FPU_FLG_ACC_TO_STR(x) ((x) == ND_FPU_FLAG_UNDEFINED ? "u" : \ (x) == ND_FPU_FLAG_MODIFIED ? "m" : (x) == ND_FPU_FLAG_SET_0 ? "0" : "1") printf(" FPU flags access\n C0: %s, C1: %s, C2: %s, C3: %s, \n", FPU_FLG_ACC_TO_STR(Instrux->FpuFlagsAccess.C0), FPU_FLG_ACC_TO_STR(Instrux->FpuFlagsAccess.C1), FPU_FLG_ACC_TO_STR(Instrux->FpuFlagsAccess.C2), FPU_FLG_ACC_TO_STR(Instrux->FpuFlagsAccess.C3)); } printf(" Valid modes\n" " R0: %s, R1: %s, R2: %s, R3: %s\n" " Real: %s, V8086: %s, Prot: %s, Compat: %s, Long: %s\n" " SMM on: %s, SMM off: %s, SGX on: %s, SGX off: %s, TSX on: %s, TSX off: %s\n" " VMXRoot: %s, VMXNonRoot: %s, VMXRoot SEAM: %s, VMXNonRoot SEAM: %s, VMX off: %s\n", Instrux->ValidModes.Ring0 ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Ring1 ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Ring2 ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Ring3 ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Real ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.V8086 ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Protected ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Compat ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Long ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Smm ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.SmmOff ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Sgx ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.SgxOff ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.Tsx ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.TsxOff ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.VmxRoot ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.VmxNonRoot ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.VmxRootSeam ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.VmxNonRootSeam ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidModes.VmxOff ? "yes" : "no" ); printf(" Valid prefixes\n" " REP: %s, REPcc: %s, LOCK: %s\n" " HLE: %s, XACQUIRE only: %s, XRELEASE only: %s\n" " BND: %s, BHINT: %s, DNT: %s\n", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.Rep ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.RepCond ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.Lock ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.Hle ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.Xacquire ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.Xrelease ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.Bnd ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.Bhint ? "yes" : "no", Instrux->ValidPrefixes.Dnt ? "yes" : "no" ); for (i = 0; i < Instrux->OperandsCount; i++) { printf(" Operand: %u, Acc: %s, Type: %10s, Size: %2d, RawSize: %2d, Encoding: %s", i, Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == ND_ACCESS_READ ? "R-" : Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == ND_ACCESS_WRITE ? "-W" : Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == (ND_ACCESS_READ|ND_ACCESS_WRITE) ? "RW" : Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == ND_ACCESS_COND_READ ? "CR" : Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == ND_ACCESS_COND_WRITE ? "CW" : Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == (ND_ACCESS_COND_READ|ND_ACCESS_COND_WRITE) ? "CRCW" : Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == (ND_ACCESS_READ | ND_ACCESS_COND_WRITE) ? "RCW" : Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == (ND_ACCESS_COND_READ|ND_ACCESS_WRITE) ? "CRW" : Instrux->Operands[i].Access.Access == ND_ACCESS_PREFETCH ? "P" : "--", optype_to_string(Instrux->Operands[i].Type), (int)Instrux->Operands[i].Size, Instrux->Operands[i].Type == ND_OP_IMM ? Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Immediate.RawSize : Instrux->Operands[i].Type == ND_OP_OFFS ? Instrux->Operands[i].Info.RelativeOffset.RawSize : Instrux->Operands[i].Size, encoding_to_string(Instrux->Operands[i].Encoding) ); if (ND_OP_MEM == Instrux->Operands[i].Type) { printf(", "); if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsRipRel) { printf("RIP relative: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsAG) { printf("Address Generator: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsBitbase) { printf("Bitbase Addressing: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsMib) { printf("MIB Addressing: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsVsib) { printf("VSIB Addressing: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsSibMem) { printf("Sibmem Addressing: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsStack) { printf("Stack: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsString) { printf("String: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsShadowStack) { printf("Shadow stack: %d, ", Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.ShStkType); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.HasCompDisp) { printf("Compressed displacement: yes, "); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.HasBroadcast) { printf("Broadcast: yes, "); } printf("\n "); if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.HasSeg) { printf("Segment: %d, ", Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Seg); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.HasBase) { printf("Base: %d, ", Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Base); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.HasIndex) { printf("Index: %d * %d, ", Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Index, Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Scale); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.HasDisp) { printf("Displacement: 0x%016llx, ", (unsigned long long)Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Disp); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.IsVsib) { printf("\n "); printf("VSIB index size: %d, VSIB element size: %d, VSIB element count: %d", Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Vsib.IndexSize, Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Vsib.ElemSize, Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Vsib.ElemCount); } } if (ND_OP_REG == Instrux->Operands[i].Type) { printf(", RegType: %16s, RegSize: %2u, ", regtype_to_string(Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Register.Type), Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Register.Size); if (Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Register.Type == ND_REG_MSR) { printf("RegId: 0x%08x, RegCount: %u\n", Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Register.Reg, Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Register.Count); } else { printf("RegId: %u, RegCount: %u\n", Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Register.Reg, Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Register.Count); } } else { printf("\n"); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Decorator.HasBroadcast) { printf(" Decorator: Broadcast %d bytes element %d times\n", Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Broadcast.Size, Instrux->Operands[i].Info.Memory.Broadcast.Count); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Decorator.HasMask) { printf(" Decorator: Mask k%d\n", Instrux->Operands[i].Decorator.Msk); } if (Instrux->Operands[i].Decorator.HasZero) { printf(" Decorator: Zero (no merging)\n"); } } printf("\n"); } if (Options->BitFields && Instrux->HasModRm) { printf(" Instruction bit fields:\n"); if (Instrux->HasEvex) { printf(" EVEX: 0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x > mm: %d, R': %d, B: %d, X: %d, R: %d, pp: %d, " "vvvv: %d, W: %d, aaa: %d, V': %d, b: %d, L'L: %d, z: %d\n", Instrux->Evex.Evex[0], Instrux->Evex.Evex[1], Instrux->Evex.Evex[2], Instrux->Evex.Evex[3], Instrux->Evex.m, Instrux->Evex.rp, Instrux->Evex.b, Instrux->Evex.x, Instrux->Evex.r, Instrux->Evex.p, Instrux->Evex.v, Instrux->Evex.w, Instrux->Evex.a, Instrux->Evex.vp, Instrux->Evex.bm, Instrux->Evex.l, Instrux->Evex.z); } if (Instrux->HasVex) { if (Instrux->VexMode == ND_VEXM_2B) { printf(" VEX2: 0x%02x 0x%02x > pp: %d, L: %d, vvvv: %d, R: %d\n", Instrux->Vex2.Vex[0], Instrux->Vex2.Vex[1], Instrux->Vex2.p, Instrux->Vex2.l, Instrux->Vex2.v, Instrux->Vex2.r); } else { printf(" VEX3: 0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x > m-mmmm: %d, B: %d, X: %d, R: %d, pp: %d, L: %d, vvvv: %d, W: %d\n", Instrux->Vex3.Vex[0], Instrux->Vex3.Vex[1], Instrux->Vex3.Vex[2], Instrux->Vex3.m, Instrux->Vex3.b, Instrux->Vex3.x, Instrux->Vex3.r, Instrux->Vex3.p, Instrux->Vex3.l, Instrux->Vex3.v, Instrux->Vex3.w); } } if (Instrux->HasXop) { printf(" XOP: 0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x > m: %d, B: %d, X: %d, R: %d, p: %d, L: %d, v: %d, W: %d\n", Instrux->Xop.Xop[0], Instrux->Xop.Xop[1], Instrux->Xop.Xop[2], Instrux->Xop.m, Instrux->Xop.b, Instrux->Xop.x, Instrux->Xop.r, Instrux->Xop.p, Instrux->Xop.l, Instrux->Xop.v, Instrux->Xop.w); } if (Instrux->HasRex) { printf(" REX: 0x%02x > B: %d, X: %d, R: %d, W: %d\n", Instrux->Rex.Rex, Instrux->Rex.b, Instrux->Rex.x, Instrux->Rex.r, Instrux->Rex.w); } if (Instrux->HasModRm) { printf(" ModR/M: 0x%02x > mod: %d, reg: %d, rm: %d\n", Instrux->ModRm.ModRm, Instrux->ModRm.mod, Instrux->ModRm.reg, Instrux->ModRm.rm); } if (Instrux->HasSib) { printf(" SIB: 0x%02x > scale: %d, index: %d, base: %d\n", Instrux->Sib.Sib, Instrux->Sib.scale, Instrux->Sib.index, Instrux->Sib.base); } } } void handle_disasm( _In_ PDISASM_OPTIONS Options ) { INSTRUX instrux; ND_CONTEXT ctx = { 0 }; unsigned long long icount = 0, istart, iend, start, end, itotal = 0, tilen = 0, ticount = 0; size_t rip, fsize = Options->Size; PBYTE buffer = Options->Buffer; start = clock(); NdInitContext(&ctx); ctx.DefCode = Options->Mode; ctx.DefData = Options->Mode; ctx.DefStack = Options->Mode; ctx.VendMode = Options->Vendor; ctx.FeatMode = Options->Feature; // Disassemble rip = Options->Offset; while (rip < Options->Size) { NDSTATUS status; icount++; #if defined(ND_ARCH_X86) || defined(ND_ARCH_X64) istart = __rdtsc(); #else istart = 0; #endif status = NdDecodeWithContext(&instrux, buffer + rip, fsize - rip, &ctx); #if defined(ND_ARCH_X86) || defined(ND_ARCH_X64) iend = __rdtsc(); #else iend = 1; #endif itotal += iend - istart; if (!ND_SUCCESS(status)) { if (Options->Print) { printf("%016zX ", rip + Options->Rip); printf("%02x", buffer[rip]); printf("%s", gSpaces[16 - 1]); printf("db 0x%02x (0x%08x)\n", buffer[rip], status); } if (Options->Skip16) { rip += 16; } else { rip++; } } else { tilen += instrux.Length; ticount++; if (Options->Print) { print_instruction(rip + Options->Rip, &instrux, Options); } if (Options->Skip16) { rip += 16; } else if (Options->Skip1) { rip++; } else { rip += instrux.Length; } } } end = clock(); if (Options->Stats) { printf("Disassembled %llu instructions in %llums, %4.4f instructions/second, %4.6f clocks/instruction, average ilen %4.6f bytes\n", icount, end - start, icount / (double)(end - start) * 1000, itotal / (double)icount, tilen / (double)ticount); } } void handle_shemu( PDISASM_OPTIONS Options ) { SHEMU_CONTEXT ctx; SHEMU_STATUS shstatus; char *fileName; size_t rip = 0, fsize = Options->Size, offset = 0, decFileNameLength = 0, shellSize; char *fNameDecoded; PBYTE buffer = Options->Buffer; memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx)); rip = Options->Rip; fileName = Options->FileName; if (fileName == NULL) { fNameDecoded = "hex_string_decoded.bin"; } else { decFileNameLength = strlen(fileName) + sizeof("_decoded.bin"); fNameDecoded = malloc(sizeof(char) * decFileNameLength); // This is safe, we allocated enough space. sprintf(fNameDecoded, "%s_decoded.bin", fileName); } if (Options->Offset < PAGE_SIZE) { offset = Options->Offset; } // A little extra space, since shellcodes tend to do accesses after their code... shellSize = fsize + 0x100; // Allocate the shellcode, stack, shell bitmap and stack bitmaps. ctx.Shellcode = malloc(shellSize); #define STACK_SIZE 0x2000ull ctx.Stack = malloc(STACK_SIZE); ctx.Intbuf = malloc(shellSize + STACK_SIZE); memset(ctx.Shellcode, 0, shellSize); memset(ctx.Stack, 0, STACK_SIZE); memcpy(ctx.Shellcode, buffer, fsize); memset(ctx.Intbuf, 0, shellSize + STACK_SIZE); // Use the provided RIP, if any. Otherwise, use a hard-coded value. ctx.ShellcodeBase = (rip != 0 ? rip & PAGE_MASK : 0x200000); ctx.ShellcodeSize = shellSize; ctx.StackBase = (ctx.ShellcodeBase & PAGE_MASK) - STACK_SIZE - 0x1000; ctx.StackSize = STACK_SIZE; ctx.IntbufSize = shellSize + STACK_SIZE; ctx.ArchType = SHEMU_ARCH_TYPE_X86; ctx.Arch.X86.Mode = Options->Mode; ctx.Arch.X86.Ring = Options->Ring; ctx.Arch.X86.Registers.RegFlags = NDR_RFLAG_IF | 2; ctx.Arch.X86.Registers.RegRip = ctx.ShellcodeBase + offset; ctx.Arch.X86.Registers.RegRsp = ctx.StackBase + STACK_SIZE / 2; if (ctx.Arch.X86.Mode == ND_CODE_64) { ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Cs.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x33 : 0x10; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Ds.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x2b : 0x18; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Es.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x2b : 0x18; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Ss.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x2b : 0x18; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Fs.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x2b : 0x00; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Gs.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x53 : 0x00; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Fs.Base = 0; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Gs.Base = 0x7FFF0000; } else { ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Cs.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x1b : 0x08; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Ds.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x23 : 0x10; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Es.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x23 : 0x10; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Ss.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x23 : 0x10; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Fs.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x3b : 0x30; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Gs.Selector = (ctx.Arch.X86.Ring == 3) ? 0x23 : 0x00; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Fs.Base = 0x7FFF0000; ctx.Arch.X86.Segments.Gs.Base = 0; } // Dummy values, to resemble regular CR0/CR4 values. ctx.Arch.X86.Registers.RegCr0 = 0x0000000080050031; ctx.Arch.X86.Registers.RegCr4 = 0x0000000000170678; if (Options->UseShemuRegs) { // Copy the new GPRs memcpy(&ctx.Arch.X86.Registers.RegRax, Options->ShemuRegs, sizeof(Options->ShemuRegs)); // Update the stack to point to the new RSP, if one exists if (ctx.Arch.X86.Registers.RegRsp != 0) { // Consider the stack base at least with a page before the current RSP. In case of pushes or operations // which decrease the RSP, we will always give SHEMU_ABORT_RIP_OUTSIDE otherwise. ctx.StackBase = ctx.Arch.X86.Registers.RegRsp - 0x1000; } } ctx.TibBase = 0x7FFF0000; ctx.MaxInstructionsCount = 10000; ctx.Flags = 0; ctx.Options = SHEMU_OPT_TRACE_EMULATION | SHEMU_OPT_TRACE_MEMORY | SHEMU_OPT_TRACE_STRINGS | SHEMU_OPT_TRACE_LOOPS; ctx.Log = &ShemuLog; ctx.AccessMemory = (ShemuMemAccess)&ShemuAccessMem; ctx.AccessShellcode = (ShemuMemAccess)&ShemuAccessShellcode; // Configurable thresholds. ctx.NopThreshold = SHEMU_DEFAULT_NOP_THRESHOLD; ctx.StrThreshold = SHEMU_DEFAULT_STR_THRESHOLD; ctx.MemThreshold = SHEMU_DEFAULT_MEM_THRESHOLD; // Check for AES support. int regs[4] = { 0 }; #if defined(ND_ARCH_X86) || defined(ND_ARCH_X64) cpuid(regs, 1); #endif // CPUID leaf function 1, register ECX, bit 25 indicates AES-NI support. if (!!(regs[2] & (1UL << 25))) { ctx.Options |= SHEMU_OPT_SUPPORT_AES; } if (Options->BypassSelfWrites) { ctx.Options |= SHEMU_OPT_BYPASS_SELF_WRITES; } ctx.Options |= SHEMU_OPT_SUPPORT_APX; shstatus = ShemuX86Emulate(&ctx); // Print each set flag after emulation. printf("Emulation terminated with status 0x%08x, flags: 0x%llx, %llu NOPs, %llu NULLs, %llu total instructions, %llu unique instructions\n", shstatus, (unsigned long long)ctx.Flags, ctx.NopCount, ctx.NullCount, ctx.InstructionsCount, ctx.UniqueCount); struct { ND_UINT64 Flag; const char* Name; } const shemuFlags[] = { #define FLAGENTRY(f) { .Flag = f, .Name = #f } FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_NOP_SLED), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_LOAD_RIP), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_WRITE_SELF), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_TIB_ACCESS_PEB), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_SYSCALL), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_STACK_STR), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_TIB_ACCESS_WOW32), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_HEAVENS_GATE), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_STACK_PIVOT), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_SUD_ACCESS), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_KPCR_ACCESS), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_SWAPGS), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_SYSCALL_MSR_READ), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_SYSCALL_MSR_WRITE), FLAGENTRY(SHEMU_FLAG_SIDT), #undef FLAGENTRY }; for (uint32_t fli = 0; fli < ARRAYSIZE(shemuFlags); fli++) { if (ctx.Flags & shemuFlags[fli].Flag) { printf(" %s\n", shemuFlags[fli].Name); } } if (fNameDecoded != NULL) { size_t outSize; FILE *file = fopen(fNameDecoded, "wb"); if (file == NULL) { printf("Could not create the file %s\n", fNameDecoded); goto cleanup_and_exit; } outSize = fwrite(ctx.Shellcode, 1, fsize, file); if (outSize == 0) { printf("No bytes written to %s!\n", fNameDecoded); } fclose(file); } cleanup_and_exit: if (NULL != fileName && NULL != fNameDecoded) { free(fNameDecoded); } if (NULL != ctx.Shellcode) { free(ctx.Shellcode); } if (NULL != ctx.Stack) { free(ctx.Stack); } if (NULL != ctx.Intbuf) { free(ctx.Intbuf); } } void print_help(void) { uint32_t major, minor, revision; char *date, *time; NdGetVersion(&major, &minor, &revision, &date, &time); printf("bddisasm version %u.%u.%u, built on %s %s\n", major, minor, revision, date, time); printf("\n"); printf("IMPORTANT:\n"); printf(" This tool is only meant to exemplify bddisasm integration.\n"); printf("\n"); printf("USAGE:\n"); printf(" disasm COMMAND INPUT MODE [OPTIONS]\n"); printf("\n"); printf("COMMAND can be one of:\n"); printf(" decode - Will decode the input, and print each instruction (default).\n"); printf(" shemu - Will run the shellcode-emulator on the input, and print the emulation trace.\n"); printf("\n"); printf("INPUT is mandatory and can be one of:\n"); printf(" -f file - Specify input `file` name.\n"); printf(" -h hex - Specify input `hex` string. Accepted formats are:\n"); printf(" Plain hex string; example: 33C090CCC3\n"); printf(" Escaped hex string; example: \\x33\\xC0\\x90\\xCC\\xC3\n"); printf("\n"); printf("MODE sets the decode mode:\n"); printf(" -b16 - Decode in 16-bit mode.\n"); printf(" -b32 - Decode in 32-bit mode.\n"); printf(" -b64 - Decode in 64-bit mode (default).\n"); printf("\n"); printf("OPTIONS which are common among different modes:\n"); printf(" -o offset - Start processing from the indicated `offset` (default is 0).\n"); printf(" -r rip - Use the indicated `rip` for disassembly (default is 0).\n"); printf(" -v vendor - Set prefered vendor (default is any). The following are valid `vendor` values:\n"); printf(" intel, amd, any\n"); printf(" -t feature - Set prefered feature mode (default is all). The following are valid `feature` values (multiple can be used):\n"); printf(" none, all, mpx, cet, cldm, piti\n"); printf("\n"); printf("OPTIONS valid only with decode command:\n"); printf(" -hl - Highlight instruction parts. The colors used are:\n"); set_bold_fg_color(FG_White); printf(" light white prefixes\n"); set_bold_fg_color(FG_Green); printf(" light green opcodes\n"); set_bold_fg_color(FG_Yellow); printf(" light yellow modrm and sib\n"); set_bold_fg_color(FG_Blue); printf(" light blue displacement\n"); set_bold_fg_color(FG_Red); printf(" light red relative offset, immediate, address\n"); reset_fg_color(); printf(" -nv - Don't print disassembly. Use this only for performance tests.\n"); printf(" -iv - Print performance statistics.\n"); printf(" -exi - Print extended info about instructions.\n"); printf(" -bits - Print the instruction bit fields.\n"); printf(" -skip16 - Skip 16 bytes after each decoded instruction. Useful when decoding invalid instructions.\n"); printf(" -skip1 - Skip a single byte after each decoded instruction. Useful when decoding every possible offset.\n"); printf("\n"); printf("OPTIONS valid only with shemu command:\n"); printf(" -reg val - Set register `reg` to value `val` for emulation. `reg` must be the plain 64-bit register name (ie: rax).\n"); printf(" -k - Specify kernel mode for shemu emulation (default is user-mode).\n"); printf(" -bw - Bypass self-modifications in shemu.\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\n"); printf("EXAMPLES:\n"); printf(" Decode 64-bit code from file test.bin:\n"); printf(" disasm -f test.bin\n"); printf(" disasm -b64 -f test.bin\n"); printf(" disasm decode -b64 -f test.bin\n"); printf(" Decode 64-bit from a hex-buffer, and display extended instruction information:\n"); printf(" disasm -b64 -h 909033C0 -exi\n"); printf(" Decode from hex-string, highlight instruction components & display instruction bitfields:\n"); printf(" disasm -h 90505833C0E80000000058CC -hl -bits\n"); printf(" Emulate a potential 32-bit shellcode from test file shell.bin:\n"); printf(" disasm shemu -b32 -f shell.bin\n"); printf(" Emulate a potential 32-bit shellcode from test file shell.bin, and specify some input registers:\n"); printf(" disasm shemu -b32 -f shell.bin -rax 0x100 -rcx 0xABCD -rsp 0x1000\n"); printf(" Run a quick benchmark on file test.bin:\n"); printf(" disasm -f test.bin -nv -iv\n"); printf("\n"); } void cleanup_context( _Inout_ DISASM_OPTIONS *Options ) { if (Options->InputMode == inputFile) { if (NULL != Options->Buffer) { free(Options->Buffer); } } } void *read_file(const char *Path, size_t *Size) { void *buffer; FILE *fd = fopen(Path, "rb"); if (fd == NULL) { printf("fopen failed for \"%s\"\n", Path); return NULL; } fseek(fd, 0ull, SEEK_END); *Size = ftell(fd); rewind(fd); buffer = malloc(*Size); if (buffer != NULL) { size_t readCount = fread(buffer, 1, *Size, fd); if (readCount != *Size) { printf("Only %zx bytes were read! Expected %zx\n", readCount, *Size); *Size = readCount; } } fclose(fd); return buffer; } _Success_(return) bool parse_input( _Inout_ DISASM_OPTIONS* Options ) { static BYTE hexbuf[4096]; if (inputNone == Options->InputMode) { printf("Expecting an input mode: either -f or -h!\n"); return false; } if (inputFile == Options->InputMode) { Options->Buffer = read_file(Options->FileName, &Options->Size); if (Options->Buffer == NULL) { printf("Couldn't read '%s'\n", Options->FileName); cleanup_context(Options); return false; } if (Options->Size == 0) { printf("The input file '%s' is empty\n", Options->FileName); cleanup_context(Options); return false; } } else { DWORD idx = 0; Options->Size = strlen(Options->FileName); if (Options->Size < 2) { printf("Min 1-byte buffer needed!\n"); return false; } // Extract each byte from the provided hex input. for (size_t bidx = 0; bidx < Options->Size - 1; ) { // '\x' if (Options->FileName[bidx] == '\\' && Options->FileName[bidx + 1] == 'x') { bidx += 2; continue; } // '0x' if (Options->FileName[bidx] == '0' && Options->FileName[bidx + 1] == 'x') { bidx += 2; continue; } // '0x' if (Options->FileName[bidx] == '0' && Options->FileName[bidx + 1] == 'X') { bidx += 2; continue; } // ' ' // '0x' if (Options->FileName[bidx] == ' ') { bidx += 1; continue; } if (is_hex_digit(Options->FileName[bidx]) && is_hex_digit(Options->FileName[bidx + 1])) { hexbuf[idx++] = ((hex_to_bin(Options->FileName[bidx]) << 4) | (hex_to_bin(Options->FileName[bidx + 1]))) & 0xFF; bidx += 2; continue; } printf("Unexpected hex-character encountered: %c!\n", Options->FileName[bidx]); return false; } Options->FileName = NULL; Options->Size = idx; Options->Buffer = hexbuf; } // Make sure the offset is valid & points within the buffer. if (Options->Offset >= Options->Size) { printf("The offset exceeds the buffer size!\n"); cleanup_context(Options); return false; } return true; } _Success_(return) bool parse_arguments( _In_ int argc, _In_ char* argv[], _Out_ DISASM_OPTIONS *Options ) { int i; if (argc < 2 || NULL == argv) { print_help(); return false; } memset(Options, 0, sizeof(*Options)); // Initialize default options. Options->Command = commandDecode; Options->Mode = ND_CODE_64; Options->Ring = 3; Options->Print = true; Options->Vendor = ND_VEND_ANY; Options->Feature = ND_FEAT_ALL; i = 1; while (i < argc) { DWORD gprIdx; if (match_gpr(argv[i], &gprIdx)) { // Register value (used by shemu). if (i + 1 >= argc) { printf("No value given for %s!\n", argv[i]); } else { Options->ShemuRegs[gprIdx] = (size_t)strtoull(argv[i + 1], NULL, 0); Options->UseShemuRegs = true; i++; } } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "shemu") == 0) { // shemu command - will emulate. Options->Command = commandShemu; } else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 'f' && argv[i][2] == 0) { // File input mode. if (i + 1 < argc) { Options->InputMode = inputFile; Options->FileName = argv[i + 1]; i++; } } else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 'h' && argv[i][2] == 0) { // Hex-string input mode. if (i + 1 < argc) { Options->InputMode = inputHex; Options->FileName = argv[i + 1]; i++; } } else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 'o' && argv[i][2] == 0) { // Offset inside the provided buffer. if (i + 1 < argc) { Options->Offset = (size_t)strtoull(argv[i + 1], NULL, 0); i++; } } else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 'r' && argv[i][2] == 0) { // Rip. Can be any value, as it's used only for disassembly. if (i + 1 < argc) { Options->Rip = (size_t)strtoull(argv[i + 1], NULL, 0); i++; } } else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 'k' && argv[i][2] == 0) { // Kernel-mode for shemu. Options->Ring = 0; } else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 'b' && argv[i][2] == 'w' && argv[i][3] == 0) { // Bypass self writes in shemu. Options->BypassSelfWrites = true; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-b16")) { // 16-bit mode. Options->Mode = ND_CODE_16; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-b32")) { // 32-bit mode. Options->Mode = ND_CODE_32; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-b64")) { // 64-bit mode. Options->Mode = ND_CODE_64; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-v intel")) { // Prefer Intel instructions. Options->Vendor = ND_VEND_INTEL; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-v amd")) { // Prefer AMD instructions. Options->Vendor = ND_VEND_AMD; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-v any")) { // Try to decode everything. Options->Vendor = ND_VEND_ANY; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-t all")) { // Enable all features. Options->Feature = ND_FEAT_ALL; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-t mpx")) { // Enable MPX. if (Options->Feature == ND_FEAT_ALL) { Options->Feature = 0; } Options->Feature |= ND_FEAT_MPX; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-t cet")) { // Enable CET. if (Options->Feature == ND_FEAT_ALL) { Options->Feature = 0; } Options->Feature |= ND_FEAT_CET; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-t cldm")) { // Enable Cache Line Demote. if (Options->Feature == ND_FEAT_ALL) { Options->Feature = 0; } Options->Feature |= ND_FEAT_CLDEMOTE; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-t piti")) { // Enable Prefetch for instruction fetch. if (Options->Feature == ND_FEAT_ALL) { Options->Feature = 0; } Options->Feature |= ND_FEAT_PITI; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-t none")) { // No feature support. Options->Feature = ND_FEAT_NONE; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-nv")) { // Do not print anything. Options->Print = false; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-hl")) { // Highlight instruction components. Options->Highlight = true; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-iv")) { // Print statistics. Options->Stats = true; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-exi")) { // Print extended instruction information. Options->ExtendedInfo = true; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-bits")) { // Print instruction bitfields. Options->BitFields = true; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-skip16")) { // Skip 16 bytes after each decoded instruction. Options->Skip16 = true; } else if (0 == strcmp(argv[i], "-skip1")) { // Skip a single byte after each decoded instruction. Options->Skip1 = true; } else { printf("Unknown option: '%s'\n", argv[i]); } i++; } // Parse the input. if (!parse_input(Options)) { printf("Could not find a valid input!\n"); return false; } return true; } int main( _In_ int argc, _In_ char* argv[] ) { DISASM_OPTIONS options = { 0 }; // Parse arguments & extract relevant options. if (!parse_arguments(argc, argv, &options)) { return -1; } // Handle the indicated command. if (options.Command == commandShemu) { handle_shemu(&options); } else { handle_disasm(&options); } // Will free any memory allocated during argument parsing, and will close any handles. cleanup_context(&options); return 0; }